Cavefish have advanced to the forefront as excellent models for laboratory studies in developmental and evolutionary biology.The iconic Mexican characid,Astyanax mexicanus,which consists of a surface-dwelling morph an...Cavefish have advanced to the forefront as excellent models for laboratory studies in developmental and evolutionary biology.The iconic Mexican characid,Astyanax mexicanus,which consists of a surface-dwelling morph and about 30 interfertile cave-dwelling morphs,has become a major contributor to behavior,sensory biology,trait evolution,and biomedicine(Jeffery,2020).There are about 200 scientifically-described cavefish species distributed in karst areas on most continents(Proudlove,2015).Similar to A.mexicanus,a small subset of other cavefish taxa coupled with related surface-dwelling species are now serving as additional laboratory models to address a variety of important biological problems.A prime example is the cyprinid genus Sinocycloceilus,which contains 75 closely related surface and cave species endemic to the karst massifs of southwestern China(Jiang et al.,2019,2023;Ma et al.,2019).Comparative studies of Chinese and Mexican cavefish can be used to address a host of questions concerning the convergence and divergence of cave related traits.In the future,other Chinese cavefish species,such as the cave loach,as well as the more recently discovered European cavefishes,are likely to join the current group of excellent laboratory models.This special issue of Zoological Research presents the results of current research on these diverse cavefish species.In addition to recent research using cavefish models in laboratory studies,this issue also covers new research on cavefish in the wild.展开更多
The karst habitats of Southwest China contain the richest cavefish fauna in the world.However,many Chinese cavefish species are now at high risk of extinction.Chinese cavefish have evolved unusual traits,which are imp...The karst habitats of Southwest China contain the richest cavefish fauna in the world.However,many Chinese cavefish species are now at high risk of extinction.Chinese cavefish have evolved unusual traits,which are important for studying adaptive evolution and modeling human diseases.Here,we call on scientific research institutions to develop programs to conserve precious cavefish species and suggest international cooperation to promote research on cavefish in China.展开更多
Intermuscular bones(IBs)are slender linear bones embedded in muscle,which ossify from tendons through a process of intramembranous ossification,and only exist in basal teleosts.IBs are essential for fish swimming,but ...Intermuscular bones(IBs)are slender linear bones embedded in muscle,which ossify from tendons through a process of intramembranous ossification,and only exist in basal teleosts.IBs are essential for fish swimming,but they present a choking risk during human consumption,especially in children,which can lead to commercial risks that have a negative impact on the aquaculture of these fish.In this review,we discuss the morphogenesis and functions of IBs,including their underlying molecular mechanisms,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methods for IB studies and techniques for breeding and generating IB-free fish lines.This review reveals that the many key genes involved in tendon development,osteoblast differentiation,and bone formation,e.g.,scxa,msxC,sost,twist,bmps,and osterix,also play roles in IB development.Thus,this paper provides useful information for the breeding of new fish strains without IBs via genome editing and artificial selection.展开更多
文摘Cavefish have advanced to the forefront as excellent models for laboratory studies in developmental and evolutionary biology.The iconic Mexican characid,Astyanax mexicanus,which consists of a surface-dwelling morph and about 30 interfertile cave-dwelling morphs,has become a major contributor to behavior,sensory biology,trait evolution,and biomedicine(Jeffery,2020).There are about 200 scientifically-described cavefish species distributed in karst areas on most continents(Proudlove,2015).Similar to A.mexicanus,a small subset of other cavefish taxa coupled with related surface-dwelling species are now serving as additional laboratory models to address a variety of important biological problems.A prime example is the cyprinid genus Sinocycloceilus,which contains 75 closely related surface and cave species endemic to the karst massifs of southwestern China(Jiang et al.,2019,2023;Ma et al.,2019).Comparative studies of Chinese and Mexican cavefish can be used to address a host of questions concerning the convergence and divergence of cave related traits.In the future,other Chinese cavefish species,such as the cave loach,as well as the more recently discovered European cavefishes,are likely to join the current group of excellent laboratory models.This special issue of Zoological Research presents the results of current research on these diverse cavefish species.In addition to recent research using cavefish models in laboratory studies,this issue also covers new research on cavefish in the wild.
基金Foundation items:This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB17 to L.M.)Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,China(2019HJ2096001006 to J.X.Y.)Frontier Interdiscipline Project of Tsinghua University(20221080082 to M.Z.X.)。
文摘The karst habitats of Southwest China contain the richest cavefish fauna in the world.However,many Chinese cavefish species are now at high risk of extinction.Chinese cavefish have evolved unusual traits,which are important for studying adaptive evolution and modeling human diseases.Here,we call on scientific research institutions to develop programs to conserve precious cavefish species and suggest international cooperation to promote research on cavefish in China.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1702233 and U1902202)Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030505 and XDA23080502)Program of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(202003AD150017 and 2018FY001-007)。
文摘Intermuscular bones(IBs)are slender linear bones embedded in muscle,which ossify from tendons through a process of intramembranous ossification,and only exist in basal teleosts.IBs are essential for fish swimming,but they present a choking risk during human consumption,especially in children,which can lead to commercial risks that have a negative impact on the aquaculture of these fish.In this review,we discuss the morphogenesis and functions of IBs,including their underlying molecular mechanisms,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methods for IB studies and techniques for breeding and generating IB-free fish lines.This review reveals that the many key genes involved in tendon development,osteoblast differentiation,and bone formation,e.g.,scxa,msxC,sost,twist,bmps,and osterix,also play roles in IB development.Thus,this paper provides useful information for the breeding of new fish strains without IBs via genome editing and artificial selection.