Teaching English as a compulsory subject in Cenderawasih University has always been a challenging one.The situation and condition faced by the lecturers who are from English education program are complex.They have to ...Teaching English as a compulsory subject in Cenderawasih University has always been a challenging one.The situation and condition faced by the lecturers who are from English education program are complex.They have to teach English in the first year,sometimes until second year for non-English major students from different programs.At the same time,they deal with big classes from all programs.Issues in the teaching and learning process in the classroom may include total number of students,students’background knowledge of learning English,learning conditions,and teaching and learning style.Since these issues have happened throughout the years,several elements from Krashen hypothesis can be considered to help to create a better language learning environment.This study focuses on those elements of comprehensible input,reduced anxiety level,and active participation.These elements can be urgently suggested to English teaching and learning process at university level,particularly to teach EFL(English as a foreign language)to mixed-level non-English major university students to produce an effective language learning environment.展开更多
Geographically weighted regression models with the measurement error are a modeling method that combines the global regression models with the measurement error and the weighted regression model. The assumptions used ...Geographically weighted regression models with the measurement error are a modeling method that combines the global regression models with the measurement error and the weighted regression model. The assumptions used in this model are a normally distributed error with that the expectation value is zero and the variance is constant. The purpose of this study is to estimate the parameters of the model and find the properties of these estimators. Estimation is done by using the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) which gives different weighting to each location. The variance of the measurement error is known. Estimators obtained are . The properties of the estimator are unbiased and have a minimum variance.展开更多
文摘Teaching English as a compulsory subject in Cenderawasih University has always been a challenging one.The situation and condition faced by the lecturers who are from English education program are complex.They have to teach English in the first year,sometimes until second year for non-English major students from different programs.At the same time,they deal with big classes from all programs.Issues in the teaching and learning process in the classroom may include total number of students,students’background knowledge of learning English,learning conditions,and teaching and learning style.Since these issues have happened throughout the years,several elements from Krashen hypothesis can be considered to help to create a better language learning environment.This study focuses on those elements of comprehensible input,reduced anxiety level,and active participation.These elements can be urgently suggested to English teaching and learning process at university level,particularly to teach EFL(English as a foreign language)to mixed-level non-English major university students to produce an effective language learning environment.
文摘Geographically weighted regression models with the measurement error are a modeling method that combines the global regression models with the measurement error and the weighted regression model. The assumptions used in this model are a normally distributed error with that the expectation value is zero and the variance is constant. The purpose of this study is to estimate the parameters of the model and find the properties of these estimators. Estimation is done by using the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) which gives different weighting to each location. The variance of the measurement error is known. Estimators obtained are . The properties of the estimator are unbiased and have a minimum variance.
