On the Rural Revitalization in the Middle and Late Stages of Modernization

China’s rural revitalization,which was initiated in the middle and late stages of modernization,features distinct characteristics of the times.It is necessary to approach rural revitalization in China from the aspects of industrial-agricultural coordination,urban-rural integration,and regional balance.Industrial-agricultural coordination concerns forging the“world’s factory”and,more importantly,developing into the“world’s farm”through rural revitalization.Urban-rural integration is not just about urban modernization,but also about rural modernization through rural revitalization.Regional balance requires the promotion of characteristic development in peripheral regions with targeted measures of rural revitalization,as well as the building of highly developed city clusters.

The making of farmland markets——Case study on villages of Hongqi,Liyuantun,Hucun and Xiaogang

Traditional theory holds that a farmland transfer market comes of institution, demand and land lease. In this article, several villages, including Hongqi in Sichuan province, Liyuantun in Hebei province, Hucun in Hunan province, and Xiaogang and its neighboring villages in Anhui province, are studied in terms of the formation and development of their farmland transfer markets. Based on this study, the article concludes that the prerequisite for the making of farmland transfer market is farmland output and returns. It is a necessary condition for the market while demand is a sufficient one. In particular, external capital may promote the demand for farmland and rediscover farmland value. Institution, however, is not the direct reason for the inception of the farmland transfer market, though it ensures that the regulations for this market will be upgraded.

Correlation Between Property Units and Governance Units： Based on the Logic of Rural Governance in China

产权与治理存在很强的关联性。这种关联性通过单位来体现和衡量，因而也可以通过单位来进行深度考察。产权单位与治理单位的关联性主要体现为对称性：对称性强，产权、治理的绩效相对较好；对称性弱，产权、治理的绩效则相对较差。单位的对称性主要由结构的均衡性、层级的对等性、规模的适宜性、边界的完整性、职能一权利的对应性及单位建构的内生性六大因素决定和影响。这六大因素中，结构的均衡性、层级的对等性、规模的适宜性，属于决定性因素；边界的完整性、职能一权利的对应性属于衍生性影响因素，在特定情况下起重要作用；而单位建构的内生性则是一种外在的条件性影响因素。六大因素单独或组合作用，影响并决定了单位的对称性，从而影响乃至决定了产权、治理绩效和发展形态。

The Chinese Road in the Light of Historical Continuity

中国道路有着深厚的历史根基，其鲜明的特点是历史延续性而不是断裂性，而延续性的主要力量在于内在的动力与活力。与西方中心主义和“在中国发现历史”的范式不同，在比较中发现中国的分析范式将中国与同一时空下的世界相应国家进行长时段比较，以发现中国道路历史底蕴中的积极元素，否定长期流行的中国停滞论。从世界历史进程看，推动创造出世界上最为灿烂的农业文明的动力主要来自于农耕国家内部。这种动力不是那种瞬间的“爆发力”，而是一种可持续的制度化动力，主要包括自主性的家户农民、内生性的政府能力和调适性的国家治理。中国发展在“持久性变革”主旋律之外，也有不可忽视的“周期式变动”的副线。其深刻的根源同样隐藏在农耕国家的内在基因之中，包括制度粘性、官僚惰性和权力任性等。历史延续性为近代以来的中国以创新性的革命和发展提供了基础，并由此最终形成中国特色社会主义发展道路，尽管这一道路仍然是未了的接力过程。

中国家户制传统与农村发展道路——以俄国、印度的村社传统为参照(英文)

能够对现代社会产生长远影响的本源型传统,构成现代社会发展的基础性制度。在东方国家的本源型传统中,不同于俄国和印度的村社制,中国是家户制,并在此基础上形成独特的中国农村发展道路。其中包括:以家户经营为基础的农业经营组织,家户内部农工商结合基础上的农工商互补经济,家户互助合作基础上的农村合作形式,家国共治基础上的农村治理体系。在中国农村发展进程中,尽管家户制一度被抛弃,但仍构成当下及未来农村发展的制度底色。