Taking copper doped ZnS(ZnS:Cu)nanocrystals as the main body of photocatalyst,the influence of different base transition metal ions(M^(2+)=Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),Fe^(2+)and Cd^(2+))on photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction in inorga...Taking copper doped ZnS(ZnS:Cu)nanocrystals as the main body of photocatalyst,the influence of different base transition metal ions(M^(2+)=Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),Fe^(2+)and Cd^(2+))on photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction in inorganic reaction system is investigated.Confined single-atom Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)sites were created via cation-exchange process and enhanced CO_(2)reduction,while Fe^(2+)suppressed the photocatalytic activity for both water and CO_(2)reduction.The modified ZnS:Cu photocatalysts(M/ZnS:Cu)demonstrated tunable product selectivity,with Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)showing high selectivity for syngas production and Cd^(2+)displaying remarkable formate selectivity.DFT calculations indicated favorable H adsorption free energy on Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)sites,promoting the hydrogen evolution reaction.The selectivity of CO_(2)reduction products was found to be sensitive to the initial intermediate adsorption states.*COOH formed on Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)while*OCHO formed on Cd^(2+),favoring the production of CO and HCOOH as the main products,respectively.This work provides valuable insights for developing efficient solar-to-fuel platforms with controlled CO_(2)reduction selectivity.展开更多
Condensed matters with high ionic conductivities are crucial in various solid devices such as solid-state batteries. The conduction ischaracterized by the cooperative ionic motion associated with the high carrier dens...Condensed matters with high ionic conductivities are crucial in various solid devices such as solid-state batteries. The conduction ischaracterized by the cooperative ionic motion associated with the high carrier density. However, the high cost of computingcorrelated ionic conductivities has forced almost all ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) to rely on the Nernst–Einstein dilute-solutionapproximation, which ignores the cross-correlation effect. Here we develop a chemical color-diffusion nonequilibrium MD (CCD-NEMD) method, which enables to calculate the correlated conductivities with fewer sampling steps than the conventional MD. ThisCCD-NEMD is demonstrated to well evaluate the conductivities in the representative solid electrolyte bulk Li10GeP2S12 andLi_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12). We also applied CCD-NEMD to the grain boundary of Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12) and demonstrated its applicability for calculatinginterfacial local conductivities, which is essential for investigating grain boundaries and composite electrolytes. CCD-NEMD canprovide further accurate understanding of ionics with ionic correlations and promote developing solid devices.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted widespread attention due to their intrinsic merits of low cost and high safety.However,the poor thermodynamic stability of Zn metal in aqueous electrolytes inevitably ca...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted widespread attention due to their intrinsic merits of low cost and high safety.However,the poor thermodynamic stability of Zn metal in aqueous electrolytes inevitably cause Zn dendrites growth and interface parasitic side reactions,resulting in unsatisfactory cycling stability and low Zn utilization.Replacing Zn anode with intercalation-type anodes have emerged as a promising alternative strategy to overcome the above issues but the lack of appropriate anode materials is becoming the bottleneck.Herein,the interlayer structure of MoSe_(2)anode is preintercalated with long-chain polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP),constructing a periodically stacked p-MoSe_(2)superlattice to activate the reversible Zn^(2+)storage performance(203 mAh g^(−1)at 0.2 A g^(−1)).To further improve the stability of the superlattice structure during cycling,the electrolyte is also rationally designed by adding 1,4-Butyrolactone(γ-GBL)additive into 3 M Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2),in whichγ-GBL replaces the H2O in Zn^(2+)solvation sheath.The preferential solvation ofγ-GBL with Zn^(2+)effectively reduces the water activity and helps to achieve an ultra-long lifespan of 12,000 cycles for p-MoSe_(2).More importantly,the reconstructed solvation structure enables the operation of p-MoSe_(2)||ZnxNVPF(Na3V2(PO4)2O_(2)F)AZIBs at an ultra-low temperature of−40°C,which is expected to promote the practical applications of AZIBs.展开更多
Tin-based perovskite solar cells(TPSCs)as the most promising candidate for lead-free PSCs have incurred extensive researches all over the world.However,the crystallization process of tin-based perovskite is too fast d...Tin-based perovskite solar cells(TPSCs)as the most promising candidate for lead-free PSCs have incurred extensive researches all over the world.However,the crystallization process of tin-based perovskite is too fast during the solution-deposited process,resulting in abundant pinholes and poor homogeneity that cause serious charge recombination in perovskite layer.Here,we employed theπ-conjugated Lewis base molecules with high electron density to systematically control the crystallization rate of FASnI3 perovskite by forming stable intermediate phase with the Sn-I frameworks,leading to a compact and uniform perovskite film with large increase in the carrier lifetime.Meanwhile,the introduction of theπ-conjugated systems also retards the permeation of moisture into perovskite crystal,which significantly suppresses the film degradation in air.These benefits contributed to a stabilizing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.1%for the TPSCs and maintained over 90%of its initial PCE after 1000-h light soaking in air.Also,a steady-state efficiency of 9.2%was certified at the accredited test center.展开更多
Development of high-energy-density anode is crucial for practical application of Na-ion battery as a post Li-ion battery.Hard carbon(HC),though a promising anode candidate,still has bottlenecks of insufficient capacit...Development of high-energy-density anode is crucial for practical application of Na-ion battery as a post Li-ion battery.Hard carbon(HC),though a promising anode candidate,still has bottlenecks of insufficient capacity and unclear microscopic picture.Usage of the micropore has been recently discussed,however,the underlying sodiation mechanism is still controversial.Herein we examined the origin for the high-capacity sodiation of HC,based on density functional theory calculations.We demonstrated that nanometersize Na cluster with 3–6 layers is energetically stable between two sheets of graphene,a model micropore,in addition to the adsorption and intercalation mechanisms.The finding well explains the extended capacity over typical 300 mAhg^(−1),up to 478 mAhg^(−1) recently found in the MgO-templated HC.We also clarified that the MgO-template can produce suitable nanometersize micropores with slightly defective graphitic domains in HC.The present study considerably promotes the atomistic theory of sodiation mechanism and complicated HC science.展开更多
The dimensionality of structures allows materials to be classified into zero-, one-, two-, and threedimensional systems. Two-dimensional (2D) systems have attracted a great deal of attention andtypically include surfa...The dimensionality of structures allows materials to be classified into zero-, one-, two-, and threedimensional systems. Two-dimensional (2D) systems have attracted a great deal of attention andtypically include surfaces, interfaces, and layered materials. Due to their varied properties, 2D systemshold promise for applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, magnetronics, and valleytronics.The design of 2D systems is an area of intensive research because of the rapid development of abinitio structure-searching methods. In this paper, we highlight recent research progress on acceleratingthe design of 2D systems using the CALYPSO methodology. Challenges and perspectives for futuredevelopments in 2D structure prediction methods are also presented.展开更多
基金financial support from the Tangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21703065)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2018209267)the World Premier International Research Center Initiative(WPI Initiative)on Materials Nanoarchitectonics(MANA),the MEXT(Japan)the Photoexcitonix Project in Hokkaido Universitythe JSPS KAKENHI(Grant Number JP18H02065)。
文摘Taking copper doped ZnS(ZnS:Cu)nanocrystals as the main body of photocatalyst,the influence of different base transition metal ions(M^(2+)=Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),Fe^(2+)and Cd^(2+))on photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction in inorganic reaction system is investigated.Confined single-atom Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)sites were created via cation-exchange process and enhanced CO_(2)reduction,while Fe^(2+)suppressed the photocatalytic activity for both water and CO_(2)reduction.The modified ZnS:Cu photocatalysts(M/ZnS:Cu)demonstrated tunable product selectivity,with Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)showing high selectivity for syngas production and Cd^(2+)displaying remarkable formate selectivity.DFT calculations indicated favorable H adsorption free energy on Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)sites,promoting the hydrogen evolution reaction.The selectivity of CO_(2)reduction products was found to be sensitive to the initial intermediate adsorption states.*COOH formed on Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)while*OCHO formed on Cd^(2+),favoring the production of CO and HCOOH as the main products,respectively.This work provides valuable insights for developing efficient solar-to-fuel platforms with controlled CO_(2)reduction selectivity.
基金This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI(JP19H05815 and JP21J12566),JST-CREST(Grant No.JPMJCR2204)MEXT as part of the“Program for Promoting Research on the Supercomputer Fugaku(Fugaku Battery&Fuel Cell Project),grant number JPMXP1020200301”+1 种基金The calculations were carried out on the supercomputers at the National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS),the TSUBAME 3.0 at the Tokyo Institute of Technology(MEXT Project of the TAC-MI)the supercomputer Fugaku at the RIKEN through the HPCI Systems(HPCI System Research Projects(hp200131 and hp210173)).
文摘Condensed matters with high ionic conductivities are crucial in various solid devices such as solid-state batteries. The conduction ischaracterized by the cooperative ionic motion associated with the high carrier density. However, the high cost of computingcorrelated ionic conductivities has forced almost all ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) to rely on the Nernst–Einstein dilute-solutionapproximation, which ignores the cross-correlation effect. Here we develop a chemical color-diffusion nonequilibrium MD (CCD-NEMD) method, which enables to calculate the correlated conductivities with fewer sampling steps than the conventional MD. ThisCCD-NEMD is demonstrated to well evaluate the conductivities in the representative solid electrolyte bulk Li10GeP2S12 andLi_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12). We also applied CCD-NEMD to the grain boundary of Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12) and demonstrated its applicability for calculatinginterfacial local conductivities, which is essential for investigating grain boundaries and composite electrolytes. CCD-NEMD canprovide further accurate understanding of ionics with ionic correlations and promote developing solid devices.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22109030,22021001Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:20720220073+1 种基金The Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province,Grant/Award Number:202103AA080019Fujian Industrial Technology Development,and Application Plan,Grant/Award Number:2022I0002。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted widespread attention due to their intrinsic merits of low cost and high safety.However,the poor thermodynamic stability of Zn metal in aqueous electrolytes inevitably cause Zn dendrites growth and interface parasitic side reactions,resulting in unsatisfactory cycling stability and low Zn utilization.Replacing Zn anode with intercalation-type anodes have emerged as a promising alternative strategy to overcome the above issues but the lack of appropriate anode materials is becoming the bottleneck.Herein,the interlayer structure of MoSe_(2)anode is preintercalated with long-chain polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP),constructing a periodically stacked p-MoSe_(2)superlattice to activate the reversible Zn^(2+)storage performance(203 mAh g^(−1)at 0.2 A g^(−1)).To further improve the stability of the superlattice structure during cycling,the electrolyte is also rationally designed by adding 1,4-Butyrolactone(γ-GBL)additive into 3 M Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2),in whichγ-GBL replaces the H2O in Zn^(2+)solvation sheath.The preferential solvation ofγ-GBL with Zn^(2+)effectively reduces the water activity and helps to achieve an ultra-long lifespan of 12,000 cycles for p-MoSe_(2).More importantly,the reconstructed solvation structure enables the operation of p-MoSe_(2)||ZnxNVPF(Na3V2(PO4)2O_(2)F)AZIBs at an ultra-low temperature of−40°C,which is expected to promote the practical applications of AZIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11574199,11674219,11834011)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning+1 种基金National Institute for Materials Science was supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization(NEDO,Japan)the KAKEHI Grant of Japan(18H02078)
文摘Tin-based perovskite solar cells(TPSCs)as the most promising candidate for lead-free PSCs have incurred extensive researches all over the world.However,the crystallization process of tin-based perovskite is too fast during the solution-deposited process,resulting in abundant pinholes and poor homogeneity that cause serious charge recombination in perovskite layer.Here,we employed theπ-conjugated Lewis base molecules with high electron density to systematically control the crystallization rate of FASnI3 perovskite by forming stable intermediate phase with the Sn-I frameworks,leading to a compact and uniform perovskite film with large increase in the carrier lifetime.Meanwhile,the introduction of theπ-conjugated systems also retards the permeation of moisture into perovskite crystal,which significantly suppresses the film degradation in air.These benefits contributed to a stabilizing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.1%for the TPSCs and maintained over 90%of its initial PCE after 1000-h light soaking in air.Also,a steady-state efficiency of 9.2%was certified at the accredited test center.
基金This work was supported in part by MEXT as Elements Strategy Initiative,Grant Number JPMXP0112101003Program for Promoting Researches on the Supercomputer Fugaku(Fugaku Battery&Fuel Cell Project)+2 种基金Grant Number JPMXP1020200301by JSPS KAKENHI,Grant Number JP19H05815The calculations were carried out on the supercomputers in NIMS and The University of Tokyo as well as Kyushu University.This research also used computational resources of the HPCI system through the HPCI System Research Project(Project IDs:hp190126,hp200131).
文摘Development of high-energy-density anode is crucial for practical application of Na-ion battery as a post Li-ion battery.Hard carbon(HC),though a promising anode candidate,still has bottlenecks of insufficient capacity and unclear microscopic picture.Usage of the micropore has been recently discussed,however,the underlying sodiation mechanism is still controversial.Herein we examined the origin for the high-capacity sodiation of HC,based on density functional theory calculations.We demonstrated that nanometersize Na cluster with 3–6 layers is energetically stable between two sheets of graphene,a model micropore,in addition to the adsorption and intercalation mechanisms.The finding well explains the extended capacity over typical 300 mAhg^(−1),up to 478 mAhg^(−1) recently found in the MgO-templated HC.We also clarified that the MgO-template can produce suitable nanometersize micropores with slightly defective graphitic domains in HC.The present study considerably promotes the atomistic theory of sodiation mechanism and complicated HC science.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12034009,91961204,11874175,11874176,11974134,and 12074138)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33000000)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Jilin University,JLU)the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT)Jilin Province Outstanding Young Talents Project No.20190103040JH.
文摘The dimensionality of structures allows materials to be classified into zero-, one-, two-, and threedimensional systems. Two-dimensional (2D) systems have attracted a great deal of attention andtypically include surfaces, interfaces, and layered materials. Due to their varied properties, 2D systemshold promise for applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, magnetronics, and valleytronics.The design of 2D systems is an area of intensive research because of the rapid development of abinitio structure-searching methods. In this paper, we highlight recent research progress on acceleratingthe design of 2D systems using the CALYPSO methodology. Challenges and perspectives for futuredevelopments in 2D structure prediction methods are also presented.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0202401)the 111 Project (B16016)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51572080, 51702096 and U1705256)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2017XS080)