Cynodon dactylon andSida acuta extracts impact on the function of the cardiovascular system in zebrafish embryos

The aim of the present study was to screen cardioactive herbs from Western Ghats of India. The heart beat rate （HBR） and blood flow during systole and diastole were tested in zebrafish embryos. We found that Cynodon dactylon （C. dactylon） induced increases in the HBR in zebrafish embryos with a HBR of （3.968±0.344） beats/ s, which was significantly higher than that caused by betamethosone [（3.770±0.344） beats/s]. The EC50 value of C. dactylon was 3.738 μg/mL. The methanolic extract of Sida acuta （S. acuta） led to decreases in the HBR in zebrafish embryos [（1.877 ±0.079） beats/s], which was greater than that caused by nebivolol （positive control）. The EC50 value of Sida acuta was 1.195 μg/mL. The untreated embryos had a HBR of （2.685±0.160） beats/s at 3 d post fertilization （dpf）. The velocities of blood flow during the cardiac cycle were （2,291.667 ±72.169） μm/s for the control, （4,250± 125.000） μm/s for C. dactylon and （1,083.333±72.169） μm/s for S. acuta. The LC50 values were 32.6 μg/mL for C. dactylon and 20.9 μg/mL for S. acuta. In addition, the extracts exhibited no chemical genetic effects in the drug dosage range tested. In conclusion, we developed an assay that can measure changes in cardiac function in response to herbal small molecules and determine the cardiogenic effects by microvideography.

The protective effect of dietary flavonoid fraction from Acanthophora spicifera on streptozotocin induced oxidative stress in diabetic rats

The present investigation was considered in arraying of antidiabetic and antioxidant activity from dietary flavonoid loaded fraction of Acanthophora spicifera(A.spicifera,Family:Rhodomelaceae)on streptozotocin(STZ)induced oxidative stress rats.The testings were acted upon male rats,which were alienated into five groups:control group,diabetic group(single dose of 65 mg/kg,streptozotocin(STZ)i.p.),diabetic with insulin(6 IU),and diabetic with flavonoid rich fraction groups(FRF)at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight,given orally for 21 days.The blood glucose level was determined at different week intermissions.The antioxidant consequences of FRF on STZ-induced diabetic rats were determined by the estimations of the oxidative stress marker like malonyldialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione in tissue homogenates of heart,liver and kidney.FRF treatment of diabetic rats significantly(P<0.05)diminishes the blood glucose altitudes to normal in contrast with diabetic rats.However,FRF administration,significantly decreased the malonyldialdehyde(MDA)and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione levels(GSH)in diabetic rats.The outcome designates that FRF fraction from red algae A.spicifera was potent anti diabetic and antioxidant asset against STZ induced diabetes and oxidative tissue breakups.©2016 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.