Baseline symptoms of depression and anxiety negatively impact the effectiveness of CBTi in treating acute insomnia among young adults

Background Cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia(CBTi)is the first-line treatment for those with this sleep disorder.However,depressive and anxiety symptoms often co-occur with acute insomnia,which may affect the effectiveness of CBTitreatment.Aims This study aimed to determine the impact of depressive and anxiety symptoms on the efficacy of CBTi in treating acute insomnia.Methods A single-arm clinical trial was conducted among individuals who have acute insomnia.Participants underwent self-guided CBTi for 1-week.Their insomnia,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline,post-treatment and 3-month follow-up.Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess the effectiveness of CBTi in treating insomnia,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.A multivariate Cox regression model was used to determine the impact of depressive and anxiety symptoms on insomnia.Results The study found significant reductions in insomnia,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms at both post-treatment and 3-month follow-up(F=17.45,p<0.001;F=36.37,p=0.001;and F=81.51,p<0.001,respectively).The duration of CBTi treatment had a positive impact on insomnia recovery(hazard ratio(HR)=0.94,p=0.018).However,baseline depressive symptoms(HR=1.83,p=0.004)and baseline anxiety symptoms(HR=1.99,p=0.001)had significant negative effects on insomnia recovery.Conclusions The study showed that a 1-week self-guided CBTi treatment is effective in treating acute insomnia and comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms.However,baseline depressive and anxiety symptoms negatively impact treatment effectiveness.Therefore,clinicians should assess for depressive and anxiety symptoms before treating acute insomnia with monotherapy CBTi.

Open-Label Real-World Pharmacy Purchaser Study of Two Fixed-Dose Combination OTC Cold Treatments;Wick MediNait, Wick DayMed Capsules or a Combination of Both

Acute upper respiratory tract infections, i.e. common colds cause multiple symptoms and affect adults on average 2 - 4 times a year and children 6 - 8 times per year. Thousands of non-prescription, over-the-counter products are used by sufferers, aimed at relieving the various both er some symptoms such as cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, etc. This study evaluated real-world effectiveness of Wick MediNait or Wick DayMed medicines alone and together in a combination as a day and night treatment regimen. Adult cold sufferers were recruited in pharmacy by pharmacy staff following self-purchase of either Wick MediNait, Wick DayMed capsules, or the combination of DayMed and MediNait. Participants completed online questionnaires before and after product use (evening of the first day for DayMed and the morning after using MediNait at bedtime). For the primary endpoint “Wick MediNait was effective at relieving my symptoms”, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) in the users who Strongly Agreed or Agreed vs. Neither Agreed or Disagreed, Disagreed or Strongly Disagreed. Further, all symptoms evaluated (cough, runny nose, nasal congestion, fever, headache, sore throat, muscle aches and pains, sneezing) were statistically improved after MediNait and DayMed alone and when both were used, and users were satisfied with both treatments. All treatments were well tolerated with minimal adverse event reporting. The diurnal use of DayMed capsules combined with the nocturnal use of MediNait allows cold sufferers to efficiently self-manage their symptom relief throughout the day and night.