Acute intestinal obstruction represents a very frequent admission to surgical emergencies. The aim of our study was to make a descriptive analysis of the management of acute intestinal obstructions at the level of hos...Acute intestinal obstruction represents a very frequent admission to surgical emergencies. The aim of our study was to make a descriptive analysis of the management of acute intestinal obstructions at the level of hospital establishments in Ziguinchor. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study from the period of January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. Patients over 15 years of age admitted for occlusive syndrome in the two surgical departments of the Ziguinchor regional hospitals were included in the study. Epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary data were studied. Results: Acute intestinal occlusions accounted for 8.3% of admissions. A total of 163 patients were enrolled, 61.9% were men, sex ratio of 1.6. The mean age was 48.7 years. The average consultation time was 74.8 hours (3.12 days). The total occlusive syndrome was in 48.5% of the cases. Abdominal pain was present in 87.1%, vomiting in 74.2%, cessation of matter and gas in 60.7% and meteorism in 36.2%. Biological lab tests reported hyperleukocytosis in 28.1% of the cases. Abdominal CT scans were performed in 71.2%, confirming the diagnosis in 90.5% and determining the etiology in 93.1%. The zone of the obstruction in the small bowel was 62.7%, and in the colon in 37.3%. Functional occlusions accounted for 22.7% of cases and mechanical for 77.3%, including 120 cases of strangulation occlusion (95.2%) and 6 cases of obstruction. Etiologies were dominated by adhesions and/or fibrous bands (61.2%). Medical treatment resolved the occlusive syndrome in 9.2% of cases, instrumental treatment in 17.1% and surgical treatment in 77.3%. Adhesiolysis/section of fibrous bands (55.7%), detorsion (14.3%) and resection anastomosis (11.9%) were the most common surgical procedures. Overall morbidity was 11.6%, dominated by surgical site infection (7.14%). The mean resumption of intestinal transit was 2.7 days, and the mean hospital stay was 7.9 days. Overall mortality was 6.7%. Conclusion: Acute intestinal obstruction is a frequent, absolute medical-surgical emergency, with multiple etiologies dominated in our series by adhesions and/or fibrous bands, whose morbi-mortality could be reduced by early and appropriate management before the onset of intestinal necrosis.展开更多
In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban sustainability.Our analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously eval...In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban sustainability.Our analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environmental impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island effect.The evaluation of pavement types and variables influencing pavement performance to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)framework to choose the optimal pavement application are at the heart of our research.Which serves to assess a spectrum of pavement options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable practices.By highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within thefield,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural advancements.This review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environmentally sensitive pavement tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environments.展开更多
Pollution of Lake Bosomtwe is a major concern in Ghana due to its derived socio-economic benefits such as employment, ecotourism and major protein source to the people in the basin. Besides these benefits, the lake wa...Pollution of Lake Bosomtwe is a major concern in Ghana due to its derived socio-economic benefits such as employment, ecotourism and major protein source to the people in the basin. Besides these benefits, the lake water is used for domestic purposes and has since served as the drinking water source to the people. However, the use of agrochemicals within the basin has intensified within the last decade. The problems associated with fertilizer and pesticide use in the Bosomtwe basin seem to carry with it a higher price, which, if not identified and checked, will overshadow the desired benefits of the lake. This study assesses pesticide and nutrient loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Fifty-four (54) lake water samples were collected from September 2016 to February 2017. Pesticide samples were extracted using the solid phase extraction method and GCMS to identify the pesticides present in the water samples and determine their loads. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS version 20) for descriptive statistics. The concentration of dichlorvos was a bit lower when compared with the WHO/USEPA guidelines of 5 ppb for surface water. Diazinon had a mean concentration of 0.28 ± 0.03 ppb which was higher than the WHO 0.05 ppb and USEPA 0.04 ppb for surface water bodies. The detection of diazinon confirms the findings from the field survey, which revealed that diazinon, is an active ingredient of a pesticide with a trade name “Akate suro”, which was extensively used by cocoa farmers along the banks of the lake. The mean concentration recorded for nitrate and phosphate were 0.15 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.40 ± 0.12 mg/L respectively. The pesticides application inventory and implications of pesticide and nutrient loads on the lake are discussed in the paper.展开更多
The present paper enumerates an account of the lichen flora in Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve located in Central India which comprises 78 species belonging to 25 genera under nine families. Of these, twenty t...The present paper enumerates an account of the lichen flora in Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve located in Central India which comprises 78 species belonging to 25 genera under nine families. Of these, twenty two species have been reported for the first time from Central India. All the species are enumerated with their correct original citation, basionyms if any, their places of occurrence in the reserve area, distributional range and exsiccata have been provided.展开更多
文摘Acute intestinal obstruction represents a very frequent admission to surgical emergencies. The aim of our study was to make a descriptive analysis of the management of acute intestinal obstructions at the level of hospital establishments in Ziguinchor. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, multicenter study from the period of January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. Patients over 15 years of age admitted for occlusive syndrome in the two surgical departments of the Ziguinchor regional hospitals were included in the study. Epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary data were studied. Results: Acute intestinal occlusions accounted for 8.3% of admissions. A total of 163 patients were enrolled, 61.9% were men, sex ratio of 1.6. The mean age was 48.7 years. The average consultation time was 74.8 hours (3.12 days). The total occlusive syndrome was in 48.5% of the cases. Abdominal pain was present in 87.1%, vomiting in 74.2%, cessation of matter and gas in 60.7% and meteorism in 36.2%. Biological lab tests reported hyperleukocytosis in 28.1% of the cases. Abdominal CT scans were performed in 71.2%, confirming the diagnosis in 90.5% and determining the etiology in 93.1%. The zone of the obstruction in the small bowel was 62.7%, and in the colon in 37.3%. Functional occlusions accounted for 22.7% of cases and mechanical for 77.3%, including 120 cases of strangulation occlusion (95.2%) and 6 cases of obstruction. Etiologies were dominated by adhesions and/or fibrous bands (61.2%). Medical treatment resolved the occlusive syndrome in 9.2% of cases, instrumental treatment in 17.1% and surgical treatment in 77.3%. Adhesiolysis/section of fibrous bands (55.7%), detorsion (14.3%) and resection anastomosis (11.9%) were the most common surgical procedures. Overall morbidity was 11.6%, dominated by surgical site infection (7.14%). The mean resumption of intestinal transit was 2.7 days, and the mean hospital stay was 7.9 days. Overall mortality was 6.7%. Conclusion: Acute intestinal obstruction is a frequent, absolute medical-surgical emergency, with multiple etiologies dominated in our series by adhesions and/or fibrous bands, whose morbi-mortality could be reduced by early and appropriate management before the onset of intestinal necrosis.
文摘In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban sustainability.Our analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environmental impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island effect.The evaluation of pavement types and variables influencing pavement performance to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)framework to choose the optimal pavement application are at the heart of our research.Which serves to assess a spectrum of pavement options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable practices.By highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within thefield,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural advancements.This review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environmentally sensitive pavement tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environments.
文摘Pollution of Lake Bosomtwe is a major concern in Ghana due to its derived socio-economic benefits such as employment, ecotourism and major protein source to the people in the basin. Besides these benefits, the lake water is used for domestic purposes and has since served as the drinking water source to the people. However, the use of agrochemicals within the basin has intensified within the last decade. The problems associated with fertilizer and pesticide use in the Bosomtwe basin seem to carry with it a higher price, which, if not identified and checked, will overshadow the desired benefits of the lake. This study assesses pesticide and nutrient loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Fifty-four (54) lake water samples were collected from September 2016 to February 2017. Pesticide samples were extracted using the solid phase extraction method and GCMS to identify the pesticides present in the water samples and determine their loads. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS version 20) for descriptive statistics. The concentration of dichlorvos was a bit lower when compared with the WHO/USEPA guidelines of 5 ppb for surface water. Diazinon had a mean concentration of 0.28 ± 0.03 ppb which was higher than the WHO 0.05 ppb and USEPA 0.04 ppb for surface water bodies. The detection of diazinon confirms the findings from the field survey, which revealed that diazinon, is an active ingredient of a pesticide with a trade name “Akate suro”, which was extensively used by cocoa farmers along the banks of the lake. The mean concentration recorded for nitrate and phosphate were 0.15 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.40 ± 0.12 mg/L respectively. The pesticides application inventory and implications of pesticide and nutrient loads on the lake are discussed in the paper.
文摘The present paper enumerates an account of the lichen flora in Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve located in Central India which comprises 78 species belonging to 25 genera under nine families. Of these, twenty two species have been reported for the first time from Central India. All the species are enumerated with their correct original citation, basionyms if any, their places of occurrence in the reserve area, distributional range and exsiccata have been provided.
