Effect of recombinant human endostatin onradiotherapy for esophagus cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of radiotherapy plus recombinant human endostatin（RHendostatin） on esophageal cancer and its mechanism.Methods:A total of SO nudemice were equally randomized into control group,radiotherapy group,and combined therapy group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ after inoculating with Ecal09 cell suspension（1×107 cells/mL）.On the day of grouping,control group and radiotherapy group were injected normal saline,while radiotherapy group and 3 combined therapy groups received radiotherapy;besides,combined therapy group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ was injected RH-endostatin of 2.5,5,10 mg/kg respectively.After 3-week therapy,the tumors of each group were collected and microvessel density and VEGF expression in tumors were determined.In vitro,Eca109 cells were divided into control group,radiotherapy group,and combined therapy group.Forty-eight hours after treatment cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were detected,and the activity of VEGF signal paths was semiquantitatively analyzed.Results:Since the 6th day of treatment,the relative tumor proliferation rate of combined therapy group Ⅱ was lower than radiotherapy group（P<0.05） and 40%since the 15 th day.Average microvessel density and EGFR expression in combined therapy group Ⅱ were lower than radiotherapy group（P<0.05）.In vitro,the cell percentage in S and G2/M phase of combined therapy group cells was lower than that in radiotherapy group cells,while the apoptosis rate and the expression of VEGF,AKT,p-AKT,ERK1/2 and p-ERKl/2 in combined group were higher than that in radiotherapy group（P<0.05）.Conclusions:RH-endostatin promotes the efficacy of radiotherapy on esophageal cancer,which may be partly realized by inhibiting the activity of VEGF related signal paths.

Effect of emulsified isoflurane on apoptosis of anoxia-reoxygenation neonatal rat cardiomyocytes

Objective:To explore the effect of emulsified isoflurane(EI)on apoptosis of anoxia-reoxygenation neonatal rat cardiomyocytea and relevant protein expression.Methods:Cardiac muscle anoxiareoxygenation damage model was established with culture in vitro neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.The cardiomyocytes were divided into control group,model group,fat emulsion group and EI group.The cardiomyocytes apoptosis rates and lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)index standardization were detected after relevant treatment The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bel-2,Bax and Caspase-3 were detected with Western blot approach.Results:After hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)model was treated by EI,the cells apoptosis rate decreased and was dramatically below the fat emulsion group(P<0.05),Cardiomyocytes biochemical index detection presented that,compared with the control group that the LDH activity and MDA content dramatically increased(P<0.05),while the SOD activity notably decreased(P<0.05);compared with the H/R group,the SOD activity of the fat emulsion group and EI group increased(P<0.05);while the LDH activity and MDA content decreased(P<0.05).And the change of the EI group was more remarkable than the fat emulsion group(P<0.05).The Western blot analysis presented that,compared with the control group,the Bcl-2 protein expression of the other groups significantly decreased(P<0.05),the expressions of Bax protein and Caspase-3protein increased significantly(P<0.05);compared with H/R group,cardiomyocytes Bc1-2protein expression of EI group increased significantly(P<0.05),the expressions of Bax protein and Caspase-3 protein decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the change of EI group was more remarkable than the fat emulsion group(P<0.05).Conclusions:EI can inhabit the apoptosis of anoxia-reoxygenation damage model cardiomyocytes,and may he related to the up-regulation of expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of expression of Caspase-3 protein.

Establishment of a high-resolution 2-D reference map of human spermatozoal proteins from 12 fertile sperm-bank donors

Aim： To extend the analysis of the proteome of human spermatozoa and establish a 2-D gel electrophoresis （2-DE） reference map of human spermatozoal proteins in a pH range of 3.5-9.0. Methods： In order to reveal more protein spots, immobilized pH gradient strips （24 cm） of broad range of pH 3-10 and the narrower range of pH 6-9, as well as different overlapping narrow range pH immobilized pH gradient （IPG） strips, including 3.5-4.5, 4.0-5.0, 4.5-5.5, 5.0-6.0 and 5.5-6.7, were used. After 2-DE, several visually identical spots between the different pH range 2-D gel pairs were cut from the gels and confirmed by mass spectrometry and used as landmarks for computer analysis. Results： The 2-D reference map with pH value from 3.5 to 9.0 was synthesized by using the ImageMaster analysis software. The overlapping spots were excluded, so that every spot was counted only once. A total of 3 872 different protein spots were identified from the reference map, an approximately 3-fold increase compared to the broad range pH 3-10 IPG strip （1 306 spots）. Conclusion： The present 2-D pattern is a high resolution 2-D reference map for human fertile spermatozoal protein spots. A comprehensive knowledge of the protein composition of human spermatozoa is very meaningful in studying dysregulation of male fertility.

Heavy metal accumulation by panicled goldenrain tree(Koelreuteria paniculata) and common elaeocarpus(Elaeocarpus decipens) in abandoned mine soils in southern China

Phytoremediation can be used as a sustainable technology for mine spoil remediation to remove heavy metals. This study investigated the concentration of 7 heavy metal contamination in soil and plant samples at an abandoned mine site. We found that, after vegetation remediation at the abandoned mine site, the reduction rates for 7 heavy metals were in the range of 4.2%-86%, where reduction rates over 50% were achieved for four heavy metals （Zn, Mn, Cd, Ni）. Transfer coefficients of the panicled goldenrain tree （Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm） and the common elaeocarpus （Elaeocarpus decipens） for Zn, Mn, Ni, and Co were more than 1. Enrichment coefficients of both trees for Mn were higher than 1. Our results suggest that the panicled goldenrain tree and the common elaeocarpus tree may act as accumulators in remediation. Moreover, the woody vegetation remediation in abandoned mining areas play an important role in improving scenery besides removing heavy metal from contaminated soil.

Submucosal tunneling and endoscopic resection of submucosal tumors at the esophagogastric junction

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of submucosal tunneling and endoscopic resection(STER) for treating submucosal tumors(SMTs).METHODS: Between August 2012 and October 2013, 21 patients with SMTs originating from the muscularis propria(MP) layer at the esophagogastric junction were treated by STER of their tumors. Key steps of the procedure include:(1) mucosal incision: a 2-cm longitudinal mucosal incision was made 5 cm proximal to the tumor;(2) submucosal tunneling: a submucosal tunnel was created 5 cm proximal to and 1 to 2 cm distal to the tumor;(3) tumor resection: the SMT was resected under direct endoscopic viewing;(4) hemostasis: while finishing the tumor resection, careful hemostasis of the MP defect and the tunnel was performed; and(5) mucosal closure: the mucosal incision site was closed by using hemostatic clips. During the operation, equipment used included a cap-fitted endoscope, an insulatedtip knife, a hook knife, hemostatic forceps, an injection needle, a snare, an endoclip, and a high-frequency generator. Carbon dioxide(CO2) insufflation was achieved by using a CO2 insufflator.RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 46.2 years(range, 35-59 years), and the majority were male(18 male vs 3 female). Complete resection rate was 100%(21/21). Eighteen lesions were resected en bloc. Mean tumor size was 23 mm(range, 10-40 mm), and mean procedure time was 62.9 min(range, 45-90 min). Pathological diagnosis of these tumors included leiomyoma(15 out of 21) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor(6 out of 21). Full-thickness MP resection was performed in 9 of 21 patients(42.9%), with mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema occurring in all nine. At the completion of the procedure, all patients received closure of the incision with hemoclips. One patient required percutaneous drainage. The remaining 20patients required no further endoscopic or surgical intervention. There were no incidents of massive or delayed bleeding. The median follow-up period after the procedure was 6 mo(range, 2-14 mo). During followup, no patients were found to have residual or recurrent tumor or esophageal stricture.CONCLUSION: STER is safe, effective and feasible, which provides accurate histopathologic evaluation and curative treatment for SMTs originating from the MP layer at the esophagogastric junction.

Structural and Electrochemical Characteristics of Mg_(0.94)La_(0.06)Ni Alloy Prepared by Ball Milling

The amorphous Mg_(0.94)La_(0.06)Ni alloy was synthesized by ball milling for different time at 400 r·min^(-1). Electrochemical performances of the alloy electrodes were investigated and the results show that the specimens would reach their maximum electrochemical discharge capacities at the first charge/discharge cycle. The cyclic tests and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that discharge capacities would decrease rapidly due to the crystallization of the amorphous and the oxidization of magnesium on the particle surface during the electrochemical charge/discharge cycling. In addition, the DTA and SEM results reveal that the thermal stabilities will be improved and the size of the alloy will be decreased with the ball-milling time. The amorphous Mg_(0.96)La_(0.04)Ni alloy prepared by ball milling for 40 h at 400 r·min^(-1) shows the best electrochemical properties.

Effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (养气血祛风湿方) on Rheumatoid Arthritis Model Mice under Different Genetic Backgrounds

Objective： To study the effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe （养气血祛风湿方, YQXQFS） on rheumatoid arthritis （RA） model mice under different genetic backgrounds. Methods： Collagen Induced Arthritis （CIA） were established on HLA-DR4 transgenic （TG） mice and non-transgenic （NTG） mice, which partly were raised with YQXQFS, and the onset day of CIA, the level of type Ⅱ collagen （C Ⅱ ）-reactive antibodies and the pathological scores of CIA were assessed. Results： Under HLA-DR4 TG background （compared with NTG mice）, the earlier onset day of CIA （ 11.22±3.35 days vs 16.56 ±4.75 days, P〈0.05） and higher level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies （0. 2274±0. 1390μg/ml vs 0.1101±0. 0560μg/ml, P〈0.05） were observed, but the pathological scores of CIA remained unchange. YQXQFS could not influence the onset day of CIA and the level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies, but had a certain effect on the total pathological scores （6.56±3.43 scores vs 11.11±5.64 scores） and bone erosion （0.22±0.44 scores vs 1.67±1.50 scores） of CIA on NTG mice （P〈0.05）, NTG YQXQFS group compared with NTG experimental group. Conclusion： YQXQFS had a certain effect on RA model, but had no significant effect on HLA-DR4 related CIA.

Massive recurrent synovial sarcoma of the neck:a case report

We report a rare case of massive recurrent synovial sarcoma of the neck in a 25-year-old woman.Physical exami- nation showed a 30×28 cm well-defined subcutaneous mass in the left cervical region,compressing the trachea to the right. Systemic examination revealed no metastasis to other organs.The diagnosis of sarcoma was established by percutaneous needle biopsy.Branches of the left subclavian artery and the left external carotid artery were found to supply the tumor,their embolization successfully shrank the tumor preoperatively allowing subsequent resection.Pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma.The patient was without recurrence 12 months after operation.

EFFECT OF THE POISSON RATIO ON THE PERFECTLY PLASTIC STRESS FIELD AT A STATIONARY PLANE-STRAIN CRACK TIP

Under the condition that all the perfectly plastic stress components at a crack tip are the functions of ? only, making use of equilibrium equations and Von-Mises yield condition containing Poisson ratio, in this paper, we derive the generally analytical expressions of perfectly plastic stress field at a stationary plane-strain crack tip. Applying these generally analytical expressions to the concrete cracks, the analytical expressions of perfectly plastic stress fields at the stationary tips of Mode I, Mode II and Mixed-Mode I-II plane-strain cracks are obtained. These analytical expressions contain Poisson ratio.

Discussion of Environmental Problem and Study of Environmental Impact on Steel Industry in China

The environmental conditions in steel industry were discussed in detail.It was also pointed out that it was necessary to reduce the quantity of waste generated and discharged by improving the raw material,energy structure and consumption rate,and reinforcing the waste control and management.At the same time,the relevant mathematical models of environmental impact were set up on the basis of raw material consumption,energy consumption and waste generation and discharge in different technical routes of steelmaking.The result showed that the production route of DR-iron clearly has more environmental advantages over that of BF-hot metal.

HYDROSTATIC STRESS-DEPENDENT PERFECTLY-PLASTIC STRESS FIELDS AT A STATIONARY PLANE-STRESS CRACK-TIP

Under the condition that all the stress components at a crack-tip are the functions ofθonly,making use of equilibrium equations and hydrostatic stress-dependent yield condition,in this paper,we derive the generally analytical expressions of the hydrostatic stress-dependent perfectly-plastic stress fields at a stationary plane-stress crack-tip.Applying these generally analytical expressions to the concrete cracks,the analytical expressions of hydrostatic stress-dependent perfectly-plastic stress fields at the tips of mode I and mode II cracks are obtained.

SUPPLEMENTARY STUDY ON ANISOTROPIC PLASTIC STRESS FIELDS AT A STATIONARY PLANE-STRESS CRACK-TIP

Under the hypothesis that all the perfectly plastic stress components at a orach tip are the functions of θ only, making use of yield conditions and equilibrium equations. we derive the generally analytical expressions of the perfectly plastic stress field at a crack tip. Applying these generally analytical expressions to the concrete cracks, the analytical expressions of perfectly plastic stress fields at the tips of Mode Ⅰ Mode Ⅱ, Mode Ⅲ and Mixed Mode Ⅰ-Ⅱ cracks are obtained.

PHYSICAL METALLURGY OF MULTISTAGE RSP Al-Li BASED ALLOYS

Bascd on serires authors study ofAl—Li alloys in recent years,the formation theory of powders,characteristics,powder compaction,the microstructures and the mechanical behaviors of RSP Al-Li based alloys analyzed and discussed in this paper.

MASS TRANSFER AT GAS EVOLVING MERCURY ELECTRODE

Mass transfer at hydrogen evolving mercury electrode has been studied by determining mass transfer coefficients of indicator ions as the function of current density of hydrogen evolution for various kinds of indica tor ions in sulphuric acid solution.Mercury adhering to metal substrates of Ni,Cu or Ag is used as mercury electrode to overcome its trembling during the electrolysis.The effect of difTerent indicator ions,electrode character istic,substrate material,diameter of electrode and temperature is examined.It is found that the transfer coefficient is proportional to the mass square root of current density of hydrogen evolution.

ON THE GOLD-DEPOSIT OF SHEARZONE-TYPE AND ITS CLASSIFICATION

The gold-deposit of shearzone-type(GST)resulting predominantly from shearing is controlled by ductile shearzones,and its general characteristics are discussed in this paper.GST can be classified differently according to its characteristics,and the the authors offer three ways,namely the classification based on the characterisics and genesis of ore-deposits,on the occurrence of shear zones,and on the formation conditions of shear zones.

DETERMINATION OF ISOTHERMAL SECTION OF Fe-Ni-Zr TERNARY SYSTEM AT 1198K

The isothermal section of Fe-Ni-Zr ternary system at 1198K was experimentally determined using diffusion triple technique together with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electron probe microanalysis （EPMA ）. The results indicate that there are seven binary intermetallic phases, Fe2Zr, FeZr2, Nir2, NiZr, Ni10Zr7, Ni7Zr2 and Ni5Nr, found in the temary system, the binary compounds NiZr2 and FeZr2 show a homogeneity range and form a continuous solid solution, namely （Fe, Ni）Zr2 Five three-phase sections, γ（Fe,Ni） ＋ Ni3Zr2 ＋ Ni5Zr,γ（Fe, Ni） ＋ Ni7Zr2 ＋ Ni10Zr7, γ（Fe,Ni） ＋ Fe2Zr ＋ Ni10Zr7, （Fe,Ni）Zr2 ＋ Fe2Zr ＋ Nil0Zr7, and （Fe,Ni）Zr2 ＋ NiZr ＋ Ni10Zr7, exist in the isothermal section. No ternary compound is observed.

A Study on Synthesis Kinetics of YBa_2Cu_3O_x High Tc Superconductor Powder

The synthesis kinetics of YBa_2Cu_30_x supercon- ductor was studied through comparing the calcina- tion (sintering) processes of different kinds of powders. It was shown that the temperature of synthesis of YBa_2Cu_30_x phase can be lowered from 950℃ to 800℃ through direct calcination of multiphase powder with uniform chemical com- position. The stress which is caused by the volume change during synthetic reaction breaks the particles. It facilitates the formation of highly active superfines of superconductor.

Optimization and Calculation of the Al-Be-Si System

Lattice stability of Be is estimated,and interaction parameters for the liquids in the Al-Be and Be-Si systems are obtained using phase dia- gram data from literatures.Using the obtained parameters and the lattice stabilities of Al and Si given in the literatures,the Al-Be and Be-Si phase diagrams are calculated.By means of Kohler's for- mula the Gibbs energy for the liquid phase in the Al-Be-Si ternary system is extrapolated.The calcu- lation shows that no excess ternary term is necessa- ry for the thermodynamic description of the system. The liquidus projection,isothermal section at 1273 K,as well as vertical sections at 94 and 88 wt-% Al and 2 wt-% Be are calculated.The calcu- lated results are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data available.

ANISOTROPIC PLASTIC STRESS FIELD AT A MIXED-MODE CRACK TIP UNDER PLANE AND ANTI-PLANE STRAIN

On condition that the perfectly plastic stress component at a crack tip was a function of plane polar angle only, and made use of equilibrium equations, anisotropic plastic stress-strain-rate relations, compatibility equations and Hill anisotropic plastic yield condition, the generally analytical expressions of the anisotropic plastic stress field at a mixed-mode crack tip under plane and anti-plane strain were obtained. Applying these expressions to the mixed-mode cracks, the analytical expressions of anisotropic plastic stress fields at the tips of mixed-mode I-III, II-III and I-II-III cracks were derived.