An Improved Calibration Method of Grating Projection Measurement System

In the traditional fringe projection profilometry system,the projector and the camera light center are both spatially virtual points.The spatial position relationships specified in the model are not easy to obtain,leading to inaccurate system parameters and affectingmeasurement accuracy.This paper proposes a method for solving the system parameters of the fringe projection profilometry system,and the spatial position of the camera and projector can be adjusted in accordance with the obtained calibration parameters.The steps are as follows:First,in accordance with the conversion relationship of the coordinate system in the calibration process,the calculation formula of the vertical distance from the camera light center to the reference plane and the calculation formula of the distance between the projector and the camera light center are given respectively.Secondly,according to the projector calibration principle,the position of the projector light axis perpendicular to the reference plane is gained by comparing the parallel relationship between the reference plane coordinate system and the projector coordinate system’s Z-axis.Then,in order to fulfill the position restriction that the line between the projector light center and the camera light center must be parallel to the reference plane,the camera’s spatial location is adjusted so that the vertical distance between it and the reference plane tends to that between the projector light center and the reference plane.And finally,the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of the target object can be finished using the phase height model’s system parameters once the aforementioned position limitations are put into practice.Experimental results demonstrate that the method improves the measurement accuracy,and verifies that it is effective and available in 3D shape measurement.

Mannose metabolism and immune regulation:Insights into its therapeutic potential in immunology-related diseases

Mannose,a different isomer of the hydroxyl group at the C-2 position of glucose,shares the same transport carrier protein with glucose to enter cells and participate in the regulation of glucose metabolism.It affects cell growth,differentiation,and function and plays an active role in tumor immunity and inflammatory processes.This paper provides theoretical support for expanding the clinical applications of mannose by exploring its constitution,metabolic pathways,and role in regulating immune cell function and treating immunology-related diseases.

Fine Particulate Matter Exposure Induces Toxicity by Regulating Nuclear Factor-κB/toll-like Receptor 4/myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Cells

Global air pollution has become a major threat to human health. Daily variations in air pollution have been linked to increased risks of cardiopulmonaryrelated morbidity and mortality. In particular, fine particulate matter(PM) with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm(PM2.5), which mostly originates from coal combustion, vehicle exhaust, and open sources in Chinese cities, is detrimental to health[1].Epidemiological and experimental investigations have demonstrated that long-term exposure to PM2.5, the most dangerous particulate in the Earth’s atmosphere, is a pivotal risk factor for cardiorespiratory diseases.

Ganoderic Acids A and B Reduce Okadaic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells by Inhibiting Tau Hyperphosphorylation

Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most debilitating neurodegenerative diseases affecting the aging population. One of the neuropathological hallmarks of AD is an aggregation of the tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs) in neurons and glial cells of the brain. Tau is a microtubuleassociated protein expressed mainly in neurons of the central nervous system[1].

Development, Application and Prospect of Dissolving Microneedles

In recent years, as a new transdermal drug delivery method, microneedle transdermal drug delivery technology accelerates the absorption of drugs through micron pores, which has been widely used in the field of medicine and cosmetics. Dissolving microneedles have the characteristics of good biocompatibility and fast dissolution speed, which attract more and more researchers’ attention and research. In this paper, the concept, properties and preparation methods of dissolving microneedles as well as the research status of dissolving microneedles in the field of medicine and cosmetics in recent years were summarized and prospected, so as to enable researchers to have a clearer and comprehensive understanding of dissolving microneedles and prospect the application and development prospects of dissolving microneedles in the industry.

Bibliometrics-based Research Hotspots and Development Trends in Eco-hydrology of Dammed Rivers

Water conservation initiatives satisfy the demand for water supply,electricity generation,irrigation,and flood control.While helping humanity,they have also altered the ecosystem of natural rivers,impacted river ecology,disrupted river continuity,and jeopardized the existence of aquatic creatures in rivers.Studying the impacts of dam construction on rivers can enhance our knowledge of river ecological and environmental concerns and help sustain the health of river ecosystems,thereby realizing the harmony between humans and water in both theoretical and practical aspects.This study used bibliometrics and constructed an author-keyword 2-mode matrix network using Co-Occurrence software to identify the hotspots and research trend in eco-hydrology of dammed rivers.We identified‘FLOW’‘SEDIMENT’‘QUALITY’and‘MODEL’as the research hotspots in the ecological impact of dammed rivers,and combined the related literatures,we highlight the research progress in the four directions.Then the research shortcomings and prospect were discussed,including strengthening the monitoring and analysis of critical ecological variables,enhancing the hydrological monitoring density for small rivers,strengthening the research of relationship between eutrophication and zooplankton,establishing multiscale approaches,and combining multi-sources information technologies to improve parameter accuracy in the model research.

A record-breaking high efficiency facilitated by hierarchical morphology in all polymer solar cells

Organic solar cells(OSCs) especially non-fullerene OSCs(NF-OSCs) are promising to become the next-generation of commercial applications and have received great attention from many researchers due to their typical advantages of low cost,light weight,and flexibility [1,2].

Discussion on the Infiltration of Experiential Career Education Concept in Biology Teaching in Senior High Schools

Based on the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform policy and the demand of related policies,the choice of subjects for high school students has shifted from the traditional relatively single model of arts and sciences division to the"3+3"model,and the topic of"how to infiltrate the concept of career education in the teaching process of senior high schools"has become increasingly important.However,at present,the implementation of career education in senior high schools is frequently limited,mainly in the form of class meetings,which instills the concept of career education to students.Therefore,the implementation effect is often not satisfactory.Therefore,experiential learning,a novel and efficient learning method,has entered public's view.Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad,we started with the importance and urgency of implementing career education in high schools,and generally reviewed the research status and future development trends of experiential career education both domestically and internationally.The practical and theoretical significance of the research were explained,and relevant concepts were summarized.Finally,strategic suggestions were proposed for integrating experiential career education concepts into biology teaching in ordinary high schools in China.

我国土壤动物生态地理研究进展

通过回顾我国近30年来土壤动物生态地理研究的进展,概述了我国土壤动物群落多样性及生态地理分布。包括我国从热带、亚热带到温带,从森林、草地、沙漠到湿地、农田乃至城市等诸多生态系统。总结了土壤动物群落对环境的响应及其指示意义研究的相关进展,从土壤动物对环境的营造、净化及其在生态系统凋落物分解和物质循环中的作用三个方面论述了土壤动物的功能,最后介绍了土壤动物与其他生物的互作、地上地下的生态学联系、全球变化对土壤动物群落的影响等热点领域的研究现状,并提出了未来土壤动物生态地理研究的热点问题。包括分子生物技术在土壤动物分类研究中的应用;土壤动物群落多样性的功能和机理;地上与地下生态系统的交互作用;干扰、污染、生物入侵和全球变化对土壤动物群落和功能的影响等。

A review on the eco-geography of soil fauna in China

这评论在过去的 30 年里在中国在土壤动物志 eco 地理总结主要研究调查结果。题目区域和主要结果是包括生物多样性和土壤动物志社区的 eco 地质的分发的 overviewed。在空间从的土壤动物志和动态范围的生态的分布的研究热带，对适度的区域副热带，并且在来自玷污环境的土壤动物志的森林，草地，沙漠，沼泽地，到城市的生态系统的农田，回答和指示的范畴。象火那样的集中的骚乱完成，放牧，耕作，土壤动物志上的授精包括敏感(例如线虫) 并且稀罕的组和社区索引。土壤动物志的功能包括环境建设，环境纯化，崽分解并且元素骑车被讨论。在在土壤生态系统的土壤动物志和另外的生物区系之间的相互作用并且连接在之间未葬、地下差异和在中国的土壤动物志社区上的全球变化的效果也被包括。最后，作者在土壤动物志指出了普通兴趣 eco 地理学习动物志 taxa，它包括分子生物学的申请进土壤；土壤动物志社区差异的功能和机制；在之间的相互作用未葬、地下生态系统；土壤动物志社区和功能上的骚乱，污染，生物侵略，和全球变化的效果。评论是为支持土壤动物志提供一个科学基础 eco 地理的在中国的研究。

Effects of Methanol on Wettability of the Non-Smooth Surface on Butterfly Wing

The contact angles of distilled water and methanol solution on the wings of butterflies were determined by a visual contact angle measuring system.The scale structures of the wings were observed using scanning electron microscopy,The influence of the scale micro-and ultra-structure on the wettability was investigated.Results show that the contact angle of distilled water on the wing surfaces varies from 134.0° to 159.2°.High hydrophobicity is found in six species with contact angles greater than 150°.The wing surfaces of some species are not only hydrophobic but also resist the wetting by methanol solution with 55% concentration.Only two species in Parnassius can not resist the wetting because the micro-structure(spindle-like shape) and ultra-structure(pinnule-like shape) of the wing scales are remarkably different from that of other species.The concentration of methanol solution for the occurrence of spreading/wetting on the wing surfaces of different species varies from 70% to 95%.After wetting by methanol solution for 10 min,the distilled water contact angle on the wing surface increases by 0.8°-2.1°,showing the promotion of capacity against wetting by distilled water.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Leaves of Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms

Introduction The herbal plant Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms[1,2] is natural herb of Changbaishan in Jilin Province of China, which belongs to the Araliaceae family. As the ingredients of folk medicine, it has long been used to treat a variety of human diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, tumor, isochemic heart diseases, hypertension, rheumatic arthritis,etc.[2,3].

Maximal and total skew information for a two-qubit system using nonlinear interaction models

Maximal and total skew information is studied.For symmetric pure states of two-qubit,they are closely related to the linear entropy,the concurrence,and the spin squeezing parameter.For a two-qubit system implemented in three nonlinear interaction models with an external field,we give the exact state vectors and the expectation value S z at any time t.Based on S z 2,we give the maximal and the total skew information and a condition in which the maximal and the total skew information can reach 1 and 2,respectively.

Isolation and purification of phenylethanoid glycosides from plant extract of Plantago asiatica by high performance centrifugal partition chromatography

二 phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs ) 被高效第一次从 Plantago asiatica 的天线部分孤立并且净化用乙醇 acetate-n-butanol-ethanol-water 的离心的分区层析(HPCPC )(0.5:0.5:0.1:1， v/v/v/v ) 。化合物 2 的化合物 1 和 293.8 mg 的 45.6 mg 的一个总数从 P 的 n-butanol 摘录的 1341 mg 被净化。asiatica。当由 electrospray 电离的 plantamajoside 和 acteoside 或 isoacteoside 多在否定离子模式上演双人脚踏车团 spectrometry (ESI-MSn ) ，二 PhGs 的结构尝试性地被识别。

Maximal and total skew information of three-qubit system obtained using nonlinear interaction models

Both the maximal and the total skew information have been studied. For a three-qubit system implemented in three nonlinear interaction models, we give the exact state vector at any time t. Based on this, we give the maximal and the total skew information. It is found that they have the same form and their evolution periods are dependent on the energy difference between the ground state and the second excited state in these models. The maximal skew information is always in the (S_x ,S_y ) plane. We give the condition for the occurrence of |GHZ S_y , in which they can reach the extreme values of 9/4 and 15/4, respectively. In three different decoherence channels, two kinds of information and the concurrence are calculated. We find that the phenomenon of the concurrence of sudden death occurs, but the above two kinds of information do not die suddenly. In the phase-damping channel, the two kinds of information will not be lost completely.

Effect of Saline-alkali Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Oat

Neutral black soil was mixed with strong saline-alkali soil in different weight ratios,then physiological indexes during seed germination and seedling growth in soil of different ratios and the corresponding leaching liquor treatments were observed to explore effect of saline-alkali stress on oat seed germination and seedling growth,and analyze tolerance of oat to saline-alkali soil.The results showed that germination ability of oat seeds reduced with the increasing salinealkali stress,salt injury index increased and seedling growth was inhibited.Effect of different saline-alkali stresses on germination ability of oat seeds showed difference,and effect of leaching liquor treatment on oat seed germination was stronger than that of soil treatment.

The Effects of Biochar on Germination and Growth of Wheat in Different Saline-alkali Soil

Saline alkali soil can cause physiological drought on crops,so only some salinity tolerant crops can grow in saline alkali soil.Biochar can increase the utilize efficiency of nutrient and the water retention of the soil,and affect the growth of the plant.In this research,four different proportion of biochar was added in five different levels of saline-alkali soil for pot culture experiment.The pH of the soil increases as the proportion of biochar increase in same saline-alkali level soil,while the EC decrease as the proportion of biochar increase.The germination rate of wheat seeds varies as the different of soil's saline-alkali level.Notable among these results is the germination of wheat seeds in the serious saline-alkali soil without biochar added is 0,while in 45%biochar added in serious saline-alkali soil,the germination rate get to as high as 48.9%.Also,biochar improve the growth of wheat seedling,while for mild saline alkali soil and normal soil.Biochar had no obvious effect on the growth of wheat seedling.

Syntheses, Crystal Structures and DNA-binding Properties of Zn(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Co(Ⅱ) Compounds Containing Thiazole Derivatives

Zn(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Co(Ⅱ) compounds(1～3) based on 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazole(bpt) and terephthalic acid(PTA) were synthesized. The crystal structures of [Zn(bpt)(PTA)2](1), [Ni(bpt)(PTA)2](2), and [Co(bpt)(PTA)2](3) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, which shows that all the three complexes belong to monoclinic system with space group P21/c. Time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT) calculation is performed on a reference structure of compound 3. The excited electrons mainly localized at the π* of ligand 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazole, which will be convenient for them to bind with the DNA reacting sites. Fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet(UV) spectroscopy and viscosity were used to characterize the interaction of the compounds with Calf thymus DNA(CT-DNA). The results indicate that compounds 1～3 bind to CT-DNA and have a strong interaction with DNA. The compounds can probably bind to CT-DNA via a non-intercalative mode as concluded by studying the viscosity of a DNA solution in the presence of the compounds. This combination can effectively break DNA, which speculates that these three compounds may interact with the cancer cell DNA in this binding mode, thereby damaging the cancer cells.

Research on poly(styrene-acrylic acid)-supported neodymium complex in catalytic copolymerization of styrene and 4-vinylpyridine

The catalytic activity of poly(styrene-acrylic acid) (PSAA) supported neodymium chloride (NdCl3) complex for the copolymerization of styrene and 4-Vinylpyridine was studied. The influence of various factors, such as Al/Nd molar ratio, reaction time, macromolecular carrier (PSAA), and ratio of styrene to 4-vinypyridine (g/g), on the copolymerization yield of styrene and 4-Vinylpyridine was investigated. The results showed that the copolymerization of polar monomers with olefins occurred efficiently and the catalytic activity of polymer-supported catalyst was higher than that of the similar small molecular catalysts. The activity of PSAA·Nd complex increased with increasing Al/Nd molar ratios and decreased with increasing polymerization time. The highest activity of PSAA·Nd was observed at 120 min, and the highest yield was found at the ratio of styrene to 4-vinylpyridine of 4:2. DSC analysis presented that the resulted polymer had only one glass transition temperature, and showed very good thermal stability.

Isolation and Purification of Plantamajoside and Acteoside from Plant Extract of Plantago asiatica L. by High Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography

Two phenylethanoid glycosides(PhGs), plantamajoside and acteoside, were isolated and purified from the aerial parts of Plantago asiatica for the first time by high performance centrifugal partition chromatography(HPCPC) with ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and water(0.5:0.5:0.1:1, volume ratio) as solvent system. A total of 45.6 mg of plantamajoside and 293.8 mg of acteoside were purified from 1341 mg of the n-butanol extract of P. asiatica, with a purity of >93.3% as determined by HPLC. The HPCPC fractions were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and the structures were identified by their retention time, UV, electrospray ionization multi stage tandem mass spectrometry(ESI-MSn) in the negative ion mode, and confirmed by NMR experiments. The characteristic fragment ions of ESI-MS of the two PhGs isolated from Plantago asiatica were discussed, which are specific and useful for the identification of the structures of PhGs.