Background:Lifestyle plays an important role in preventing and managing gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).In response to the conflicting results in previous studies,we performed a systematic review and meta-analys...Background:Lifestyle plays an important role in preventing and managing gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).In response to the conflicting results in previous studies,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate this association.Methods:Relevant studies published until January 2023 were retrieved from 6 databases,and the prevalence of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux(GER)or GERD was determined from the original studies.A random effects model was employed to meta-analyze the association by computing the pooled relative risk(RR)with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).Furthermore,subgroup and dose-response analyses were performed to explore subgroup differences and the association between cumulative physical activity(PA)time and GERD.Results:This meta-analysis included 33 studies comprising 242,850 participants.A significant negative association was observed between PA and the prevalence of symptomatic GER(RR=0.74,95%CI:0.66-0.83;p<0.01)or GERD(RR=0.80,95%CI:0.76-0.84;p<0.01),suggesting that engaging in PA might confer a protective benefit against GERD.Subgroup analyses consistently indicated the presence of this association across nearly all subgroups,particularly among the older individuals(RR_(<40 years):RR_(≥40 years)=0.85:0.69,p<0.01)and smokers(RR_(smoker):RR_(non-smoker)=0.67:0.82,p=0.03).Furthermore,a dose-response analysis revealed that individuals who engaged in 150 min of PA per week had a 72.09%lower risk of developing GERD.Conclusion:Maintaining high levels of PA decreased the risk of GERD,particularly among older adults and smokers.Meeting the recommended PA level of 150 min per week may significantly decrease the prevalence of GERD.展开更多
The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms,they do not delay disease progression.Therefo re,there is an urgent need for new effective drugs.The underlying pathogenic factors of Alz...The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms,they do not delay disease progression.Therefo re,there is an urgent need for new effective drugs.The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease are not clear,but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;hence,targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Inhibiting inflammation can restore neuronal function,promote neuro regeneration,reduce the pathological burden of Alzheimer's disease,and improve or even reverse symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.This review focuses on the relationship between inflammation and various pathological hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;reports the mechanisms and characteristics of small-molecule drugs(e.g.,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,neurosteroids,and plant extracts);macromolecule drugs(e.g.,peptides,proteins,and gene therapeutics);and nanocarriers(e.g.,lipid-based nanoparticles,polymeric nanoparticles,nanoemulsions,and inorganic nanoparticles)in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.The review also makes recommendations for the prospective development of anti-inflammatory strategies based on nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
背景:活性氧可能与肌腱病发生、发展密切相关,但其确切作用及相关信号转导机制尚未进行全面总结。目的:综述目前临床或临床前原始研究,对活性氧在肌腱病中的作用及相关信号转导通路进行归纳总结,探究其作用特点以及是否存在统一的下游...背景:活性氧可能与肌腱病发生、发展密切相关,但其确切作用及相关信号转导机制尚未进行全面总结。目的:综述目前临床或临床前原始研究,对活性氧在肌腱病中的作用及相关信号转导通路进行归纳总结,探究其作用特点以及是否存在统一的下游通路。方法:通过计算机对PubMed、Embase、Web of Science以及中国知网、万方、维普数据库中的相关原始研究进行检索,依据入选标准对检索结果进行筛选、排除,最终纳入90篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①活性氧可通过同时作用于肌腱细胞和细胞外基质来影响肌腱愈合方向,其作用方式呈双面作用特点,浓度可能是决定其作用方向的关键,低剂量活性氧可以参与肌腱正常生理愈合活动或肌腱组织具有刺激自适应性可能是产生这种作用特点的内在机制。②活性氧主要是通过基质金属蛋白酶、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、线粒体凋亡、叉头转录因子O家族、自噬、炎症以及抗氧化信号转导通路,来改变肌腱细胞外基质的组成和结构,影响肌腱细胞正常修复、应对外界和维持生存能力,对肌腱状态造成影响。③不同的活性氧刺激强度、时间以及外在环境可能会造成下游分子通路的不同改变,从而对肌腱产生不同影响。④由于目前纳入的活性氧正、负面作用的考察文献数量差距较大,可能对寻找活性氧在肌腱中作用特点的背后因素造成一定的分析误差;另外由于大多数实验干预条件和关注结果比较单一,具体活性氧的时效、量效机制以及与其他干预因素的协同作用未能明确,也未能构建活性氧在肌腱病中的分子作用整体体系。⑤文章结果表明,活性氧未来或许可以作为一种有利因素参与肌腱病的治疗和预防,并促进之后肌腱病中氧化应激信号转导通路和整体分子作用体系的探索,也为不同抗氧化剂在肌腱病中的治疗策略打下研究基础,以更好地达到防治肌腱损伤变性的目的。展开更多
目的探究中药复方消银颗粒对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠的改善作用及其潜在的信号通路。方法采用咪喹莫特乳膏涂抹构建银屑病小鼠模型,随机分为以下5组:对照组(control)、咪喹莫特(IMQ)组、中药复方消银颗粒低剂量组、中药复方消银颗粒...目的探究中药复方消银颗粒对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠的改善作用及其潜在的信号通路。方法采用咪喹莫特乳膏涂抹构建银屑病小鼠模型,随机分为以下5组:对照组(control)、咪喹莫特(IMQ)组、中药复方消银颗粒低剂量组、中药复方消银颗粒高剂量组、阿维A组。观察不同组小鼠皮损严重程度,分析各组小鼠皮损面积和严重程度指数(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)评分,处死小鼠后收集血清,HE染色观察各组小鼠组织形态。CCK-8检测含药血清处理后HaCaT细胞增殖活力,流式细胞仪检测不同处理组HaCaT细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测HaCaT细胞内JAK/STAT3通路的激活情况。结果与对照组相比,模型组小鼠出现了明显的银屑病病变,红斑、鳞屑明显增加,表皮厚度增加,而中药复方消银颗粒与阿维A作用组小鼠PASI评分明显降低,症状明显减轻。不同浓度含药血清(2.5%、5%和10%)作用HaCaT细胞后,可抑制其增殖并促进凋亡。此外5%、10%含药血清作用细胞后,能显著抑制JAK、p-JAK、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白水平。结论中药复方消银颗粒通过抑制JAK/STAT3通路激活在缓解银屑病中发挥重要效应。展开更多
文摘Background:Lifestyle plays an important role in preventing and managing gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).In response to the conflicting results in previous studies,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate this association.Methods:Relevant studies published until January 2023 were retrieved from 6 databases,and the prevalence of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux(GER)or GERD was determined from the original studies.A random effects model was employed to meta-analyze the association by computing the pooled relative risk(RR)with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).Furthermore,subgroup and dose-response analyses were performed to explore subgroup differences and the association between cumulative physical activity(PA)time and GERD.Results:This meta-analysis included 33 studies comprising 242,850 participants.A significant negative association was observed between PA and the prevalence of symptomatic GER(RR=0.74,95%CI:0.66-0.83;p<0.01)or GERD(RR=0.80,95%CI:0.76-0.84;p<0.01),suggesting that engaging in PA might confer a protective benefit against GERD.Subgroup analyses consistently indicated the presence of this association across nearly all subgroups,particularly among the older individuals(RR_(<40 years):RR_(≥40 years)=0.85:0.69,p<0.01)and smokers(RR_(smoker):RR_(non-smoker)=0.67:0.82,p=0.03).Furthermore,a dose-response analysis revealed that individuals who engaged in 150 min of PA per week had a 72.09%lower risk of developing GERD.Conclusion:Maintaining high levels of PA decreased the risk of GERD,particularly among older adults and smokers.Meeting the recommended PA level of 150 min per week may significantly decrease the prevalence of GERD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072051 and 81771964(both to JG)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission,No.22ZR147750(to YY)+2 种基金Science and Technology Support Projects in Biomedicine Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,No.19441907500(to YY)Innovative Clinical Research Project of Changzheng Hospital,No.2020 YLCYJ-Y02(to YY)Characteristic Medical Service Project for the Army of Changzheng Hospital,No.2020 CZWJFW12(to YY)。
文摘The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms,they do not delay disease progression.Therefo re,there is an urgent need for new effective drugs.The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease are not clear,but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;hence,targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Inhibiting inflammation can restore neuronal function,promote neuro regeneration,reduce the pathological burden of Alzheimer's disease,and improve or even reverse symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.This review focuses on the relationship between inflammation and various pathological hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease;reports the mechanisms and characteristics of small-molecule drugs(e.g.,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,neurosteroids,and plant extracts);macromolecule drugs(e.g.,peptides,proteins,and gene therapeutics);and nanocarriers(e.g.,lipid-based nanoparticles,polymeric nanoparticles,nanoemulsions,and inorganic nanoparticles)in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.The review also makes recommendations for the prospective development of anti-inflammatory strategies based on nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
文摘背景:活性氧可能与肌腱病发生、发展密切相关,但其确切作用及相关信号转导机制尚未进行全面总结。目的:综述目前临床或临床前原始研究,对活性氧在肌腱病中的作用及相关信号转导通路进行归纳总结,探究其作用特点以及是否存在统一的下游通路。方法:通过计算机对PubMed、Embase、Web of Science以及中国知网、万方、维普数据库中的相关原始研究进行检索,依据入选标准对检索结果进行筛选、排除,最终纳入90篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①活性氧可通过同时作用于肌腱细胞和细胞外基质来影响肌腱愈合方向,其作用方式呈双面作用特点,浓度可能是决定其作用方向的关键,低剂量活性氧可以参与肌腱正常生理愈合活动或肌腱组织具有刺激自适应性可能是产生这种作用特点的内在机制。②活性氧主要是通过基质金属蛋白酶、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、线粒体凋亡、叉头转录因子O家族、自噬、炎症以及抗氧化信号转导通路,来改变肌腱细胞外基质的组成和结构,影响肌腱细胞正常修复、应对外界和维持生存能力,对肌腱状态造成影响。③不同的活性氧刺激强度、时间以及外在环境可能会造成下游分子通路的不同改变,从而对肌腱产生不同影响。④由于目前纳入的活性氧正、负面作用的考察文献数量差距较大,可能对寻找活性氧在肌腱中作用特点的背后因素造成一定的分析误差;另外由于大多数实验干预条件和关注结果比较单一,具体活性氧的时效、量效机制以及与其他干预因素的协同作用未能明确,也未能构建活性氧在肌腱病中的分子作用整体体系。⑤文章结果表明,活性氧未来或许可以作为一种有利因素参与肌腱病的治疗和预防,并促进之后肌腱病中氧化应激信号转导通路和整体分子作用体系的探索,也为不同抗氧化剂在肌腱病中的治疗策略打下研究基础,以更好地达到防治肌腱损伤变性的目的。
文摘目的探究中药复方消银颗粒对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病小鼠的改善作用及其潜在的信号通路。方法采用咪喹莫特乳膏涂抹构建银屑病小鼠模型,随机分为以下5组:对照组(control)、咪喹莫特(IMQ)组、中药复方消银颗粒低剂量组、中药复方消银颗粒高剂量组、阿维A组。观察不同组小鼠皮损严重程度,分析各组小鼠皮损面积和严重程度指数(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)评分,处死小鼠后收集血清,HE染色观察各组小鼠组织形态。CCK-8检测含药血清处理后HaCaT细胞增殖活力,流式细胞仪检测不同处理组HaCaT细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测HaCaT细胞内JAK/STAT3通路的激活情况。结果与对照组相比,模型组小鼠出现了明显的银屑病病变,红斑、鳞屑明显增加,表皮厚度增加,而中药复方消银颗粒与阿维A作用组小鼠PASI评分明显降低,症状明显减轻。不同浓度含药血清(2.5%、5%和10%)作用HaCaT细胞后,可抑制其增殖并促进凋亡。此外5%、10%含药血清作用细胞后,能显著抑制JAK、p-JAK、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白水平。结论中药复方消银颗粒通过抑制JAK/STAT3通路激活在缓解银屑病中发挥重要效应。
