The conventional liquid electrolytes(LEs) have a high level of ionic conductivity;however, they often suffer from the poor processability and safety risks of potential leakage. Although solid-state electrolytes(SSEs) ...The conventional liquid electrolytes(LEs) have a high level of ionic conductivity;however, they often suffer from the poor processability and safety risks of potential leakage. Although solid-state electrolytes(SSEs) can solve these inherent problems of LEs, the ionic conductivity of most SSEs is several magnitudes lower than these of LEs. Herein, we report a novel strategy by building liquid ion-transport channels in a solid framework and prepared an electrolyte-locked separator(ELS) using a collagen fiber membrane(CFm). The liquid electrolyte was primarily infiltrated in the smaller voids of CFm, and its ionic conductivity could attain to 9.0×10-3 S cm-1 when the electrolyte absorption(EA) reached up to 112.0%. After centrifuging treatment, the electrolyte retentions(ER) and ionic conductivities of ELS were 108.93% and 8.37×10-3 S cm-1, respectively, which were much higher than those of commercial cellulose separator(CS), exerting excellent liquid-locking performances. In particular, the electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLC) assembled by ELS or CS were characterized and exhibited similar electrochemical performance,demonstrating the satisfactory ability and applicability of ELS for commercial use. In addition, the ELSbased EDLC exhibited favorable flexibility with relative lower loss of capacitance under different angles of bending.展开更多
A novel viologen（4,4＇bipyridinium）-based complex （CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy）（HgCl4） （1）,in which the CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy （MQ2＋） was generated in situ,has been synthesized via hydrothermal reaction and structurally cha...A novel viologen（4,4＇bipyridinium）-based complex （CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy）（HgCl4） （1）,in which the CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy （MQ2＋） was generated in situ,has been synthesized via hydrothermal reaction and structurally characterized. Complex 1 crystallizes in the space group P21/c of monoclinic system with four formula units in a cell：a = 8.1848（6）,b = 21.809（2）,c = 9.0285（6） ,β = 107.377（1）°,V = 1538.0（2） 3,C11H11Cl4HgN2,Mr = 513.61,Dc = 2.218 g/cm3,S = 1.009,μ（MoKα） = 10.685 mm-1,F（000） = 956,R = 0.0360 and wR = 0.0812. The crystal structure analysis reveals that the title complex features an isolated structure based on a CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy moiety and a mercury atom terminally bound by four chlorine atoms. Photoluminescence investigation reveals a strong emission in blue region,which may originate from π→π＊ charge-transfer interaction of the CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy moiety.展开更多
An unprecedented oxo-centered, trinuclear iron nicotinato cluster, [Fe30o （C6NO2Hs）6（H20）3][Fe（H30）2C16]＇12H20＂6Br （1）, has been prepared via hydrothermal reac- tions and structurally characterized by X-ray ...An unprecedented oxo-centered, trinuclear iron nicotinato cluster, [Fe30o （C6NO2Hs）6（H20）3][Fe（H30）2C16]＇12H20＂6Br （1）, has been prepared via hydrothermal reac- tions and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the R-3c space group of rhombohedral system with a = 21.763（4）, c = 24.361（3） A, V = 9992（3） A3, C36H66Br6C16Fe4N6030, Mr = 1978.51, De. = 11973 g/cms, S = 1.006,/（MoKa） = 4.778 mm-1, F（000） = 5880, Z = 6, R = 0.0591 and wR = 0.1054. The title complex features an isolated structure, based on one discrete [Fe30（C6NO2H5）6（H20）3]7＋ cation, one [Fe（H30）2C16]- anion, twelve lattice water molecules and six isolated bromine anions. These isolated moieties are interconnected via hydrogen bonds to yield a three-dimensional （3-D） supramolecular network. Photoluminescent investigation reveals that the title complex exhibits an emission in the purple region. Theoretical study reveals that the emission is attributed to the metal to ligand charge-transfer （MLCT） interaction.展开更多
One new sandwich-type tetra-nickel substituted polyoxotungsate,[Ni（trien）]4-[Ni4（H2O）2（HPW9O34）2]·4H2O（1,trien=triethylenetetramine）,has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR,elemental a...One new sandwich-type tetra-nickel substituted polyoxotungsate,[Ni（trien）]4-[Ni4（H2O）2（HPW9O34）2]·4H2O（1,trien=triethylenetetramine）,has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR,elemental analysis,TGA,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.Crystal data for 1：triclinic,space group P with a=13.279（3）,b=13.816（3）,c=14.494（4）,α=95.403（1）,β=113.173（4）,γ=93.809（3）o,V=2418.0（10）3,Z=1 and Dc=3.861 g/cm3.X-ray crystallographic study shows that compound 1 is a relatively rare inorganic-organic hybrid polyoxo tungstate constructed from sandwich Ni-substituted polyoxo-anions and nickel complexes.展开更多
One new arsenic-vanadium cluster, [Zn（dien）（Hdien）]2[As6V15O42（H2O）]·4H2O （1, dien = diethylenetriamine）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, TGA, magnetic pro...One new arsenic-vanadium cluster, [Zn（dien）（Hdien）]2[As6V15O42（H2O）]·4H2O （1, dien = diethylenetriamine）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, TGA, magnetic property and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal data for 1： monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 13.959（3）, b = 22.428（5）, c = 22.831（5） A^°, β = 90.733（4）°, Z = 4. X-ray crystallographic study showed that compound 1 is constructed from [As6V15O42（H2O）]^6- polyoxoanions linked together by novel [Zn（dien）（Hdien）]^3＋ complex fragments via hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. Variable temperature susceptibility measurement demonstrates the presence of antiferromagnetic interaction between V^IV cations in 1.展开更多
Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alt...Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alternative for generating bioproducts with a higher added value through bioconversion by microorganisms. The aim of this study was to screen parameters, such as pH （4, 5, 6, 7 and 8） and the initial glycerol concentration at 30 ± ℃ with agitation at 150 rpm for bioemulsifier and lipid synthesis in a submerged medium by Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50678 from crude glycerin. The best conditions for bioemulsifier production were 30 ± ℃ at pH： 6 with 50 g/L of initial substrate, which produced 2.7 g/L of lipids, from which the optimum 300.5 mg/L of triglycerides was produced over 48 h of microorganism growth.展开更多
It is difficult to ensure the manufacturing process of composites for the reason that there are complicated processes during curing process of composites. The cure cycle has a significant effect on the quality of the ...It is difficult to ensure the manufacturing process of composites for the reason that there are complicated processes during curing process of composites. The cure cycle has a significant effect on the quality of the finished part. The traditional cure cycle based on empirical approach could not ensure the quality of cured products because of unstabilized performance, high cost of production and low efficiency. As complex intelligent manufacturing systems are developed increasingly in industry, the necessity of more user friendly operation system is becoming progressively importance for their utilization and market value. This paper introduces some of the recent technological advances in the intelligent manufacturing systems that will influence the design and development of relevant industry.展开更多
According to the mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite, ...According to the mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite, the computer code calculates the data of the process variables of the flat-plate composites cured by a specified cure cycle, provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure degree process, the resin variation and fibers stress inside the composite, the void variation and the residual stress distribution. The mechanism of curing process is illustrated and the cure cycle of composite material is optimized.展开更多
According to a mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composites, t...According to a mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composites, the solution method to the model is made and a computer code is developed, which for flat-plate composites cured by a specified cure cycle, provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure reaction process in the resin, the resin flow and fibers stress inside the composite, the void variation and the residual stress distribution.展开更多
A mathematical model is made which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite is devel...A mathematical model is made which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite is developed. The model provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure reaction process in the resin, the resin flow and fibers stress inside the composite, and the void variation and the residual stress distribution. It can be used to illustrate the mechanism of curing process and optimize the cure cycle of composite material in order to ensure the quality of a product.展开更多
Electrochemical oxidation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) was studied. It indicated that electrochemical oxidation elevated the available surface area of...Electrochemical oxidation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) was studied. It indicated that electrochemical oxidation elevated the available surface area of the electrodes and introduced some kinds of functional group on the CNT surfaces. The specific capacitances of the polarizable electrodes with organic electrolyte could be enhanced from 22.4 F g-1 to 78.2 F g-1 after electrolysis oxidization. The enhancement of the specific capacitance depends on the extent of electrochemical oxidation. Using acidic electrolyte for electrochemical oxidation has different effects on modifying the performances of the CNT polarizable electrodes compared to using basic electrolyte.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21878191)。
文摘The conventional liquid electrolytes(LEs) have a high level of ionic conductivity;however, they often suffer from the poor processability and safety risks of potential leakage. Although solid-state electrolytes(SSEs) can solve these inherent problems of LEs, the ionic conductivity of most SSEs is several magnitudes lower than these of LEs. Herein, we report a novel strategy by building liquid ion-transport channels in a solid framework and prepared an electrolyte-locked separator(ELS) using a collagen fiber membrane(CFm). The liquid electrolyte was primarily infiltrated in the smaller voids of CFm, and its ionic conductivity could attain to 9.0×10-3 S cm-1 when the electrolyte absorption(EA) reached up to 112.0%. After centrifuging treatment, the electrolyte retentions(ER) and ionic conductivities of ELS were 108.93% and 8.37×10-3 S cm-1, respectively, which were much higher than those of commercial cellulose separator(CS), exerting excellent liquid-locking performances. In particular, the electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLC) assembled by ELS or CS were characterized and exhibited similar electrochemical performance,demonstrating the satisfactory ability and applicability of ELS for commercial use. In addition, the ELSbased EDLC exhibited favorable flexibility with relative lower loss of capacitance under different angles of bending.
基金supported by the NSF of Jiangxi Province (200007GQH1685)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (GJJ08412)
文摘A novel viologen（4,4＇bipyridinium）-based complex （CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy）（HgCl4） （1）,in which the CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy （MQ2＋） was generated in situ,has been synthesized via hydrothermal reaction and structurally characterized. Complex 1 crystallizes in the space group P21/c of monoclinic system with four formula units in a cell：a = 8.1848（6）,b = 21.809（2）,c = 9.0285（6） ,β = 107.377（1）°,V = 1538.0（2） 3,C11H11Cl4HgN2,Mr = 513.61,Dc = 2.218 g/cm3,S = 1.009,μ（MoKα） = 10.685 mm-1,F（000） = 956,R = 0.0360 and wR = 0.0812. The crystal structure analysis reveals that the title complex features an isolated structure based on a CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy moiety and a mercury atom terminally bound by four chlorine atoms. Photoluminescence investigation reveals a strong emission in blue region,which may originate from π→π＊ charge-transfer interaction of the CH3-4,4＇-H2bipy moiety.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2012BAC11B01)the Open Foundation(No.20130014)of the State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry,Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘An unprecedented oxo-centered, trinuclear iron nicotinato cluster, [Fe30o （C6NO2Hs）6（H20）3][Fe（H30）2C16]＇12H20＂6Br （1）, has been prepared via hydrothermal reac- tions and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the R-3c space group of rhombohedral system with a = 21.763（4）, c = 24.361（3） A, V = 9992（3） A3, C36H66Br6C16Fe4N6030, Mr = 1978.51, De. = 11973 g/cms, S = 1.006,/（MoKa） = 4.778 mm-1, F（000） = 5880, Z = 6, R = 0.0591 and wR = 0.1054. The title complex features an isolated structure, based on one discrete [Fe30（C6NO2H5）6（H20）3]7＋ cation, one [Fe（H30）2C16]- anion, twelve lattice water molecules and six isolated bromine anions. These isolated moieties are interconnected via hydrogen bonds to yield a three-dimensional （3-D） supramolecular network. Photoluminescent investigation reveals that the title complex exhibits an emission in the purple region. Theoretical study reveals that the emission is attributed to the metal to ligand charge-transfer （MLCT） interaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No 20725101)the 973 Program (No 2006CB932904)+2 种基金the NSF of Fujian Province (No E0510030)the NNSFC (No 20521101)the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Fujian Province (No JA08053)
文摘One new sandwich-type tetra-nickel substituted polyoxotungsate,[Ni（trien）]4-[Ni4（H2O）2（HPW9O34）2]·4H2O（1,trien=triethylenetetramine）,has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR,elemental analysis,TGA,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.Crystal data for 1：triclinic,space group P with a=13.279（3）,b=13.816（3）,c=14.494（4）,α=95.403（1）,β=113.173（4）,γ=93.809（3）o,V=2418.0（10）3,Z=1 and Dc=3.861 g/cm3.X-ray crystallographic study shows that compound 1 is a relatively rare inorganic-organic hybrid polyoxo tungstate constructed from sandwich Ni-substituted polyoxo-anions and nickel complexes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No. 20725101)the 973 Program (No. 2006CB932904)+2 种基金the NSF of Fujian Province (No. E0510030)the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS (No. KJCX2.YW.H01)the NNSFC (No. 20821061)
文摘One new arsenic-vanadium cluster, [Zn（dien）（Hdien）]2[As6V15O42（H2O）]·4H2O （1, dien = diethylenetriamine）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, TGA, magnetic property and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal data for 1： monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 13.959（3）, b = 22.428（5）, c = 22.831（5） A^°, β = 90.733（4）°, Z = 4. X-ray crystallographic study showed that compound 1 is constructed from [As6V15O42（H2O）]^6- polyoxoanions linked together by novel [Zn（dien）（Hdien）]^3＋ complex fragments via hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. Variable temperature susceptibility measurement demonstrates the presence of antiferromagnetic interaction between V^IV cations in 1.
文摘Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alternative for generating bioproducts with a higher added value through bioconversion by microorganisms. The aim of this study was to screen parameters, such as pH （4, 5, 6, 7 and 8） and the initial glycerol concentration at 30 ± ℃ with agitation at 150 rpm for bioemulsifier and lipid synthesis in a submerged medium by Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50678 from crude glycerin. The best conditions for bioemulsifier production were 30 ± ℃ at pH： 6 with 50 g/L of initial substrate, which produced 2.7 g/L of lipids, from which the optimum 300.5 mg/L of triglycerides was produced over 48 h of microorganism growth.
文摘It is difficult to ensure the manufacturing process of composites for the reason that there are complicated processes during curing process of composites. The cure cycle has a significant effect on the quality of the finished part. The traditional cure cycle based on empirical approach could not ensure the quality of cured products because of unstabilized performance, high cost of production and low efficiency. As complex intelligent manufacturing systems are developed increasingly in industry, the necessity of more user friendly operation system is becoming progressively importance for their utilization and market value. This paper introduces some of the recent technological advances in the intelligent manufacturing systems that will influence the design and development of relevant industry.
文摘According to the mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite, the computer code calculates the data of the process variables of the flat-plate composites cured by a specified cure cycle, provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure degree process, the resin variation and fibers stress inside the composite, the void variation and the residual stress distribution. The mechanism of curing process is illustrated and the cure cycle of composite material is optimized.
文摘According to a mathematical model which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composites, the solution method to the model is made and a computer code is developed, which for flat-plate composites cured by a specified cure cycle, provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure reaction process in the resin, the resin flow and fibers stress inside the composite, the void variation and the residual stress distribution.
文摘A mathematical model is made which describes the curing process of composites constructed from continuous fiber-reinforced, thermosetting resin matrix prepreg materials, and the consolidation of the composite is developed. The model provides the variation of temperature distribution, the cure reaction process in the resin, the resin flow and fibers stress inside the composite, and the void variation and the residual stress distribution. It can be used to illustrate the mechanism of curing process and optimize the cure cycle of composite material in order to ensure the quality of a product.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (Grant No. 10332020)
文摘Electrochemical oxidation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) was studied. It indicated that electrochemical oxidation elevated the available surface area of the electrodes and introduced some kinds of functional group on the CNT surfaces. The specific capacitances of the polarizable electrodes with organic electrolyte could be enhanced from 22.4 F g-1 to 78.2 F g-1 after electrolysis oxidization. The enhancement of the specific capacitance depends on the extent of electrochemical oxidation. Using acidic electrolyte for electrochemical oxidation has different effects on modifying the performances of the CNT polarizable electrodes compared to using basic electrolyte.
