Joint Task Scheduling, Resource Allocation, and UAV Trajectory under Clustering for FANETs

This paper establishes a new layered flying ad hoc networks(FANETs) system of mobile edge computing(MEC) supported by multiple UAVs,where the first layer of user UAVs can perform tasks such as area coverage, and the second layer of MEC UAVs are deployed as flying MEC sever for user UAVs with computing-intensive tasks. In this system, we first divide the user UAVs into multiple clusters, and transmit the tasks of the cluster members(CMs) within a cluster to its cluster head(CH). Then, we need to determine whether each CH’ tasks are executed locally or offloaded to one of the MEC UAVs for remote execution(i.e., task scheduling), and how much resources should be allocated to each CH(i.e., resource allocation), as well as the trajectories of all MEC UAVs.We formulate an optimization problem with the aim of minimizing the overall energy consumption of all user UAVs, under the constraints of task completion deadline and computing resource, which is a mixed integer non-convex problem and hard to solve. We propose an iterative algorithm by applying block coordinate descent methods. To be specific, the task scheduling between CH UAVs and MEC UAVs, computing resource allocation, and MEC UAV trajectory are alternately optimized in each iteration. For the joint task scheduling and computing resource allocation subproblem and MEC UAV trajectory subproblem, we employ branch and bound method and continuous convex approximation technique to solve them,respectively. Extensive simulation results validate the superiority of our proposed approach to several benchmarks.

全尺寸飞机结构静力试验数字仿真(英文)

全尺寸飞机结构静力试验是飞机结构研制的重要环节,需大量的财力和时间投入。试验结果的精度和有效性主要依赖于试验实施方案设计的合理性;试验件的安全主要依赖于试验时同步地对试验测试数据的监控和与数字仿真结果的一致性评估。全尺寸飞机结构静力试验数字仿真能够辅助实现上述要求,显著提高试验效率。介绍了全尺寸飞机结构静力试验数字仿真的关键技术及解决方案并给出了应用实例。

Nonlinear progressive damage model for composite laminates used for low-velocity impact

In order to effectively describe the progressively intralaminar and interlam- inar damage for composite laminates, a three dimensional progressive damage model for composite laminates to be used for low-velocity impact is presented. Being applied to three-dimensional （3D） solid elements and cohesive elements, the nonlinear damage model can be used to analyze the dynamic performance of composite structure and its failure be- havior. For the intralaminar damage, as a function of the energy release rate, the damage model in an exponential function can describe progressive development of the damage. For the interlaminar damage, the damage evolution is described by the framework of the continuum mechanics through cohesive elements. Coding the user subroutine VUMAT of the finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit, the model is applied to an example, i.e., carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates under low-velocity impact. It is shown that the prediction of damage and deformation agrees well with the experimental results.

Aircraft vulnerability modeling and computation methods based on product structure and CATIA

Survivability strengthening/vulnerability reduction designs have become one of the most important design disciplines of military aircraft now. Due to progressiveness and complexity of modern combat aircraft, the existing vulnerability modeling and computation methods cannot meet the current engineering application requirements. Therefore, a vulnerability modeling and computation method based on product structure and CATIA is proposed in sufficient consideration of the design characteristics of modern combat aircraft. This method directly constructs the aircraft vulnerability model by CATIA or the digital model database, and manages all the product components of the vulnerability model via aircraft product structure. Using CAA second development, the detailed operations and computation methods of vulnerability analysis are integrated into CATIA software environment. Comprehensive assessment data and visual kill probability Iso-contours can also be presented, which meet the vulnerability analysis requirements of modern combat aircraft effectively. The intact vulnerability model of one hypothetical aircraft is constructed, and the effects of redundant technology to the aircraft vulnerability are assessed, which validate the engineering practicality of the method.

Two Degree-of-Freedom Dynamic Theoretical Model on Tile Thermal Protection System

In order to study the dynamic behaviors of the thermal protection system(TPS)and dynamic strength of the strain-isolation-pad(SIP),a two degree-of-freedom dynamic theoretical model is presented under the acoustic excitation and base excitation. The tile and SIP are both considered as the elastic body and simplified as a mass point,a linear spring and a damping element. The theoretical solutions are derived,and the reasonability of theoretical model is verified by comparing the theoretical results with the numerical results. Finally,the influences on the dynamic responses of TPS by the structural damping coefficient of TPS,elasticity modulus and thickness of SIP are analyzed.The results show that the material with higher damping,and SIP with thicker size and lower elastic modulus should be considered to reduce the dynamic responses and intensify the security of TPS. The researches provide a theoretical reference for studying the dynamic behaviors of TPS and the dynamic strength of SIP. Besides,the dynamic theoretical model can be used as a quick analysis tool for analyzing the dynamic responses of TPS during the initial design phase.

Thickness distribution of large scale metallic sheet by EB-PVD on rotating substrate

A two-dimensional kinetic Monte-Carlo(KMC) method was used to approach the thickness distribution of large scale metallic sheet deposited by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) on rotating substrate. The KMC model involves incident atom attachment, adatom diffusion and adatom detachment. The effective deposition rate and effective incident angle along substrate radial were studied as influencing factors of sheet thickness distribution. The KMC simulation results indicate that incident angle is a very important factor to affect the sheet thickness distribution as well as theory deposition mass. The experiments results show that the KMC model can predict the thickness distribution of large scale sheet deposited by EB-PVD on rotating substrate.

Improved monochromatic pyrometry for synchronous measurement of full-field temperature and deformation

Measuring the temperature and deformation synchronously at elevated temperatures is technically challenging and has become a major concern in the evaluation of mechanical properties. In this study, a simple, easy-to-implement, yet effective monochromatic pyrometry is established for non-contact and full-field temperature measurements, which can significantly reduce the error caused by the camera’s channel crosstalk that commonly occurs in the existing improved two-color method. In addition, hightemperature digital image correlation, combined with band-pass filtering and monochromatic illumination, is applied for deformation measurement. Subsequently, an experimental system was set up to validate the accuracy of the proposed method,which consists of a CCD camera for image capturing, a blue bandpass filter for radiation suppression, blue light irradiation for light compensation, and an infrared pyrometer for temperature recording. The results of the thermal heating experiment on the C/SiC sample proved that the selection of camera channel R in monochromatic pyrometry can reduce the error by channel crosstalk,and the proposed method is applicable for synchronous measurement of temperature and deformation.

Experimental investigation on boiling heat transfer characteristics of Al_2O_3-water nanofluids in swirl microchannels subjected to an acceleration force

Experiments were carried out to investigate the boiling heat transfer characteristics of Al_2O_3-water nanofluids in swirl microchannels under terrestrial gravity and acceleration fields. A centrifuge with a two-meter long rotational arm was used to simulate the acceleration magnitude up to 9 g and three various acceleration directions. Three test sections with different geometric parameters were applied. The volume concentration of Al_2O_3 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 13 nm was varied from 0.07% to 0.1%. The mass flow rate and vapor quality were in ranges of 3–6 kg/h and 0.4–1.0%, respectively. The effects of the mass flow rate, microchannel aspect ratio,vapor quality, nanoparticle volume concentration, and acceleration direction and magnitude were analyzed in a systematic manner. Experimental results showed that the acceleration direction and magnitude had significant influences on the boiling heat transfer. The heat transfer under configuration C was found to be superior to that under configurations A and B. Moreover, the heat transfer coefficient increased with increases of the mass flow rate and the volume concentration and decreased with the aspect ratio.

Experimental study on airfoil flow separation control via an air-supplement plasma synthetic jet

An air-supplement plasma synthetic jet(PSJ)actuator increases the air supplemental volume in the recovery stage and improves the jet energy by attaching a check valve to the chamber of a conventional actuator.To explore the flow control effect and mechanism of the air-supplement actuator,via particle image velocimetry experiments in a low-speed wind tunnel,the flow field and boundary layer characteristics of a two-dimensional airfoil surface under different actuation states were compared for different attack angles and jet orifices.The experimental results show that,compared with the conventional actuation state,the jet energy of the air-supplement PSJ is higher and the indirect mixing effect of the counter-vortex sequence produced by the jet-mainstream interaction is stronger.Furthermore,the boundary layer mixing effect is better,which can further suppress flow separation and improve the critical flow separation attack angle.Moreover,increasing the jet momentum coefficient can enhance the flow control effect.The findings of this study could provide guidance for the flow control application of air-supplement PSJs.

Effect of Interference Fits on the Fatigue Lives of Bolted Composite Joints

The effect of interference fits on the fatigue lives of bolted composite joints is investigated by conducting mechanical tests.Static and fatigue tests are carried out on specimens made of carbon-bismaleimide composites joined together as double-lap single-bolt joints.The bolts having interference fits ranging of 0(neat fit),0.5%,0.75% and 1% are performed.The results demonstrate the relationship between fatigue life and different values of interference fits.After the fatigue tests,non-destructive evaluation(NDE) and scanning electron microscope(SEM) are used to observe the damage of the surrender and surface of the hole.The test results show that the interference fitted specimens have improved fatigue life compared to the neat fitted specimen.The NDE and SEM results reveal that the damage degree of interference fitted specimen is weaker than that for the neat fitted one.

Bipartite Graphs with the Maximum Sum of Squares of Degrees

In this paper we determine all the bipartite graphs with the maximum sum of squares of degrees among the ones with a given number of vertices and edges.