Inorganic-organic Composite Membranes with Novel Microstructure for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Nowadays,more and more fossil fuels are consumed and air pollution has become a threat to the survival of people.Therefore,we need some other power sources to provide energy without damaging the environment.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have received wide attention due to their advantages such as high energy density and zero emission.Particularly,direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)were considered as the most suitable energy sources for electric vehicles(EVs)and portable electronics.

Assessing the treatment effect of cranberry type A proanthocyanidins on vulvovaginal candidiasis:a randomised controlled clinical interventional study

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cranberry extracts:A-type proanthocyanidins(A-PACs)in the treatment and prevention of vulvovaginal candidiasis(WC).Method An open,randomised,parallel-design study was conducted.A cohort of 300 eligible patients with WC was recruited from the hospital.All participants were randomly divided into three groups according to a computergenerated randomisation list.Patients in group 1 were treated with standard antifungal therapy(oral single-dose fluconazole 150mg and vaginal miconazole suppository 400 mg at bedtime for 3 days);patients in group 2 received oral A-PACs16mLtwo times perdayfor6days basedon the treatment regimen of group 1;patients in group 3 were given oral A-PACs 16 mL two times per day for 6 days and vaginal miconazole suppository 400mg at bedtime for 3 days.Patients who were clinically cured at the seventh day of follow-up in group 2 received maintenance therapy by oral A-PACs for 12 weeks.Result At the seventh day of follow-up,the vaginal mycological results of all patients in group 2 who initially tested positive for pseudohyphae exhibited negative results.The negative conversion rates of fungal spores and blastospores in group 2 were superior to those in both group 1 and group 3.The symptoms of patients in group 2 ameliorated conspicuously compared with those in group 1(p<0.05).The clinical cure rate of VC in both group 2 and group 3 was not inferior to group 1.Cox regression analysis showed maintenance therapy was not significantly associated with short-term recurrence(HR 0.44(0.11,1.67);p=0.23)but could significantly diminish the risk of long-term recurrence(HR 0.57(0.33,0.99);p<0.05).Conclusion This study revealed that A-PACs in cranberry juice combined with azole antibiotics can be used as a novel therapeutic option for the treatment and prevention of long-termrecurrenceof WC.Trial registration number ChiCTR2300076392.