Biological Stability of Water-Based Cutting Fluids:Progress and Application

The application of cutting fluid in the field of engineering manufacturing has a history of hundreds of years,and it plays a vital role in the processing efficiency and surface quality of parts.Among them,water-based cutting fluid accounts for more than 90%of the consumption of cutting fluid.However,long-term recycling of water-based cutting fluid could easily cause deterioration,and the breeding of bacteria could cause the cutting fluid to fail,increase manufacturing costs,and even endanger the health of workers.Traditional bactericides could improve the biological stability of cutting fluids,but they are toxic to the environment and do not conform to the development trend of low-carbon manufacturing.Low-carbon manufacturing is inevitable and the direction of sustainable manufacturing.The use of nanomaterials,transition metal complexes,and physical sterilization methods on the bacterial cell membrane and genetic material could effectively solve this problem.In this article,the mechanism of action of additives and microbial metabolites was first analyzed.Then,the denaturation mechanism of traditional bactericides on the target protein and the effect of sterilization efficiency were summarized.Further,the mechanism of nanomaterials disrupting cell membrane potential was discussed.The effects of lipophilicity and the atomic number of transition metal complexes on cell membrane penetration were also summarized,and the effects of ultraviolet rays and ozone on the destruction of bacterial genetic material were reviewed.In other words,the bactericidal performance,hazard,degradability,and economics of various sterilization methods were comprehensively evaluated,and the potential development direction of improving the biological stability of cutting fluid was proposed.

The Development Mechanism and the Technical Characteristics of the Modern Cutting Technology

The development mechanism and mode and the new technical characteristics of the modern cutting technology are studied and analyzed. It is presented that to speed up the development of cutting technology and fully use the good-quality technical resource of cutting tool have the significant meaning for construction of powerful manufacturing industry of China.

Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding:machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies

Fiber-reinforced composites have become the preferred material in the fields of aviation and aerospace because of their high-strength performance in unit weight.The composite components are manufactured by near netshape and only require finishing operations to achieve final dimensional and assembly tolerances.Milling and grinding arise as the preferred choices because of their precision processing.Nevertheless,given their laminated,anisotropic,and heterogeneous nature,these materials are considered difficult-to-machine.As undesirable results and challenging breakthroughs,the surface damage and integrity of these materials is a research hotspot with important engineering significance.This review summarizes an up-to-date progress of the damage formation mechanisms and suppression strategies in milling and grinding for the fiber-reinforced composites reported in the literature.First,the formation mechanisms of milling damage,including delamination,burr,and tear,are analyzed.Second,the grinding mechanisms,covering material removal mechanism,thermal mechanical behavior,surface integrity,and damage,are discussed.Third,suppression strategies are reviewed systematically from the aspects of advanced cutting tools and technologies,including ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining,cryogenic cooling,minimum quantity lubrication(MQL),and tool optimization design.Ultrasonic vibration shows the greatest advantage of restraining machining force,which can be reduced by approximately 60%compared with conventional machining.Cryogenic cooling is the most effective method to reduce temperature with a maximum reduction of approximately 60%.MQL shows its advantages in terms of reducing friction coefficient,force,temperature,and tool wear.Finally,research gaps and future exploration directions are prospected,giving researchers opportunity to deepen specific aspects and explore new area for achieving high precision surface machining of fiber-reinforced composites.

Minimum quantity lubrication machining of aeronautical materials using carbon group nanolubricant: From mechanisms to application

It is an inevitable trend of sustainable manufacturing to replace flood and dry machining with minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)technology.Nevertheless,for aeronautical difficult-tomachine materials,MQL couldn’t meet the high demand of cooling and lubrication due to high heat generation during machining.Nano-biolubricants,especially non-toxic carbon group nano-enhancers(CGNs)are used,can solve this technical bottleneck.However,the machining mechanisms under lubrication of CGNs are unclear at complex interface between tool and workpiece,which characterized by high temperature,pressure,and speed,limited its application in factories and necessitates in-depth understanding.To fill this gap,this study concentrates on the comprehensive quantitative assessment of tribological characteristics based on force,tool wear,chip,and surface integrity in titanium alloy and nickel alloy machining and attempts to answer mechanisms systematically.First,to establish evaluation standard,the cutting mechanisms and performance improvement behavior covering antifriction,antiwear,tool failure,material removal,and surface formation of MQL were revealed.Second,the unique film formation and lubrication behaviors of CGNs in MQL turning,milling,and grinding are concluded.The influence law of molecular structure and micromorphology of CGNs was also answered and optimized options were recommended by considering diverse boundary conditions.Finally,in view of CGNs limitations in MQL,the future development direction is proposed,which needs to be improved in thermal stability of lubricant,activity of CGNs,controllable atomization and transportation methods,and intelligent formation of processing technology solutions.