Analysis of lymph node metastasis and survival prognosis in early gastric cancer patients: A retrospective study

BACKGROUND Early gastric cancer(EGC)is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system,and its lymph node metastasis and survival prognosis have been concerning.By retrospectively analyzing the clinical data of EGC patients,we can better under-stand the status of lymph node metastasis and its impact on survival and prog-nosis.AIM To evaluate the prognosis of EGC patients and the factors that affect lymph node METHODS The clinicopathological data of 1011 patients with EGC admitted to our hospital between January 2015 and December 2023 were collected in a retrospective cohort study.There were 561 males and 450 females.The mean age was 58±11 years.The patient underwent radical gastrectomy.The status of lymph node metastasis in each group was determined according to the pathological examination results of surgical specimens.The outcomes were as follows:(1)Lymph node metastasis in EGC patients;(2)Analysis of influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in EGC;and(3)Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with EGC.Normally distributed measurement data are expressed as mean±SD,and a t test was used for comparisons between groups.The data are expressed as absolute numbers or percentages,and the chi-square test was used for comparisons between groups.Rank data were compared using a nonparametric rank sum test.A log-rank test and a logistic regression model were used for univariate analysis.A logistic stepwise regression model and a Cox stepwise regression model were used for multivariate analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate and construct survival curves.A log-rank test was used for survival analysis.RESULTS Analysis of influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in EGC.The results of the multifactor analysis showed that tumor length and diameter,tumor site,tumor invasion depth,vascular thrombus,and tumor differentiation degree were independent influencing factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC(odds ratios=1.80,1.49,2.65,5.76,and 0.60;95%CI:1.29–2.50,1.11–2.00,1.81–3.88,3.87-8.59,and 0.48-0.76,respectively;P<0.05).Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with EGC.All 1011 patients with EGC were followed up for 43(0–13)months.The 3-year overall survival rate was 97.32%.Multivariate analysis revealed that age>60 years and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for prognosis in patients with EGC(hazard ratio=9.50,2.20;95%CI:3.31-27.29,1.00-4.87;P<0.05).Further analysis revealed that the 3-year overall survival rates of gastric cancer patients aged>60 years and≤60 years were 99.37%and 94.66%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The 3-year overall survival rates of patients with and without lymph node metastasis were 95.42%and 97.92%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The lymph node metastasis rate of EGC patients was 23.64%.Tumor length,tumor site,tumor infiltration depth,vascular cancer thrombin,and tumor differentiation degree were found to be independent factors affecting lymph node metastasis in EGC patients.Age>60 years and lymph node metastasis are independent risk factors for EGC prognosis.

Chest Wall Hemangiopericytoma-Like Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura: Case Report with Computed Tomography Findings

We present a case report of a 65-year-old woman who underwent resection of a chest wall tumor. In contrast with computed tomography, the tumor exhibited hypervascularity and was fed from the 9th intercostals artery. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a cellular variant of solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura, with branching “staghorn” vessels and hypervascularity. The tumor thus resembled a chest wall hemangiopericytoma.

Pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease

AIM:To determine the relationship of pulmonary abnormalities and bowel disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:Thirty ulcerative colitis(UC)and nine Crohn's disease patients,and 20 control subjects were enrolled in this prospective study.Detailed clinical information was obtained.Extent and activity of the bowel disease were established endoscopically.Each patient underwent pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT).Blood samples for measurement of C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),angiotensin converting enzyme and total IgE were delivered by the patients.RESULTS:Ten(25.6%)patients had respiratory symptoms.A pulmonary function abnormality was present in 22 of 39 patients.Among all patients,the most prevalent abnormalities in lung functions were a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s(FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory flow(FEF)25%-75%,transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide(DLCO),DLCO/alveolar volume.Increased respiratory symptoms score was associated with high endoscopic activity index in UC patients.Endoscopic and clinical activities in UC patients were correlated with FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and FEF 25%-75%.Smoking status,duration of disease and medication were not correlated with pulmonary physiological test results,HRCT abnormalities,clinical/endoscopic disease activity,CRP,ESR or total IgE level or body mass index.CONCLUSION:It is important that respiratory manifestations are recognized and treated early in IBD.Otherwise,they can lead to destructive and irreversible changes in the airway wall.

Relationship between genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in males

AIM: To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2, lifetime alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer risk in the Taiwan Residents men.METHODS: Between August 2000 and June 2003, 134 pathologically-proven esophageal squamous cell carcinoma male patients and 237 male controls were recruited from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in southern Taiwan.ADH2 and ALDH2 polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP.RESULTS: Compared to those with ADH2*2/*2,individuals with ADH2*1/*2 and ADH2*1/*1 had 2.28-and 7.14-fold, respectively, increased risk of developing esophageal cancer (95%CI = 1.11-4.68 and 2.76-18.46)after adjusting for alcohol consumption and other covariates. The significant increased risk was also noted among subjects with ALDH2*1/*2 (adjusted OR (AOR)= 5.25, 95%CI = 2.47-11.19), when compared to those with ALDH2*1/*1. The increased risk of esophageal cancer was made greater, when subjects carried both ADH2*1/*1 and ALDH2*1/*2, compared to those with ADH2*1/*2 or ADH2*2/*2 and ALDH2*1/*1 (AOR = 36.79,95%CI = 9.36-144.65). Furthermore, we found a multiplicative effect of lifetime alcoholic consumption and genotypes (ADH2 and ALDH2) on esophageal cancer risk.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 can modify the influence of alcoholic consumption on esophageal cancer risk.

Clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of EUS for superficial esophageal carcinoma

AIM:To identify clinicopathologic factors influencing the accuracy of a high-frequency catheter probe endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)for superficial esophageal carcinomas(SECs).METHODS:A total of 126 patients with endoscopically suspected SEC,who underwent EUS and curative treatment at Pusan National University Hospital during2005-2013,were enrolled.We reviewed the medical records of the 126 patients and compared EUS findings with histopathologic results according to clinicopathologic factors.RESULTS:A total of 114 lesions in 113 patients were included in the final analysis.The EUS assessment of tumor invasion depth was accurate in 78.9%(90/114)patients.Accuracy did not differ according to histologic type,tumor differentiation,tumor location,or macroscopic shape.However,accuracy significantly decreased for tumors≥3 cm in size(P=0.002).Overestimation and underestimation of the invasion depth occurred for 11(9.6%)and 13 lesions(11.4%),respectively.In multivariate analyses,tumor size≥3 cm was the only factor significantly associated with EUS accuracy(P=0.031),and was specifically associated with the underestimation of invasion depth.CONCLUSION:EUS using a high-frequency catheter probe generally provides highly accurate assessments of SEC invasion depth,but its accuracy decreases for tumors≥3 cm.

Is obesity associated with gastropharyngeal reflux disease?

AIM: To examine the association between obesity and gastropharyngeal reflux disease (GPRD) as well as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients undergoing ambulatory 24-h dual-probe pH monitoring from July 2003 to December 2006. The association between body mass index (BMI) and parameters about gastroesophageal or gastropharyngeal reflux was examined in univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS: A total of 769 patients (307 men and 462 women; mean age 50.7 years) were finally enrolled. Most variables showing gastroesophageal reflux was higher in the obese patients than the patients with normal BMI. There was no difference in all the variables showing gastropharyngeal reflux according to the BMI. After adjustment for age, sex, alcohol intake and smoking, obese patients demonstrated an about 2-fold increase in risk of GERD compared with patients with normal BMI (OR, 1.9; 95 CI, 1.3-2.9), but overweight patients did not demonstrate increased risk of GERD (OR, 1.2; 95 CI, 0.8-1.7). Both obese patients and overweight patients did not demonstrated increased risk of GPRD compared with patients with normal BMI (OR, 1.1; 95 CI, 0.8-1.7; and OR, 0.9; 95 CI, 0.6-1.3, respectively).CONCLUSION: Obesity is not associated with GPRD reflux while it is associated with GERD.

Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas

瞄准：学习在特别地有趣的新 cysteine-histidine 富人之间的关系用汉语的蛋白质(捏) 表示和 clinicopathological 因素渲染表面的癌症病人。方法：捏的表示被 immumohistochemistry 在表面的腺癌和 92 正常颜色取样的三原色的 141 件样品检验表面的粘膜。八十个盒子从一样的病人有主要的瘤和正常粘膜。结果：捏在正常粘膜和瘤的基质被表示。在联系瘤的基质的捏表示在两个无敌的盒子中与正常粘膜相比被增加(n = 141， c2 = 85.79， df = 3， P 【 0.0001 ) 并且匹配的盒子(n = 80， c2 = 45.86， df = 3， P 【 0.0001 ) 。在有可见侵略边缘的 135 个瘤之中，(64%) 86 比在 intratumoural 基质在侵略边缘显示出更强壮的捏表示。捏的频率在粘蛋白的和图章戒指房间癌的强壮的表示更高(52%) 与 non-mucinous 癌相比(29% ， c2 = 5.13， P = 0.02 ) 。我们没发现那捏表情与病人的性，年龄，瘤地点，瘤尺寸，粗野地位，组织学的类型，区别，侵略深度，淋巴节点地位和 Dukes'stage 有关(P 】 0.05 ) 。结论：捏的表示起来在颜色调整了表面的癌症，并且特别在瘤的边缘，并且进一步与粘蛋白的和图章戒指房间癌有关。结果建议捏的那表情可以涉及颜色的 tumourigenesis 和攻击性表面的癌症。

Changes in compressed neurons from dogs with acute and severe cauda equina constrictions following intrathecal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-conjugated polymer nanoparticles

This study established a dog model of acute multiple cauda equina constriction by experimental constriction injury （48 hours） of the lumbosacral central processes in dorsal root ganglia neurons. The repair effect of intrathecal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor with 15 mg encapsulated biodegradable poly（lactide-co-glycolide） nanoparticles on this injury was then analyzed. Dorsal root ganglion cells （LT） of all experimental dogs were analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry at 1,2 and 4 weeks following model induction. Intrathecal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor can relieve degeneration and inflammation, and elevate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in sensory neurons of compressed dorsal root ganglion Simultaneously, intrathecal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor obviously improved neurological function in the dog model of acute multiple cauda equina constriction. Results verified that sustained intraspinal delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles promoted the repair of histomorphology and function of neurons within the dorsal root ganglia in dogs with acute and severe cauda equina syndrome.

Cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer:A case report

The heart is an unusual site of metastasis from any malignancy.We report a case of cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer.A 70-year-old woman was referred with a presumptive diagnosis of sigmoid colon cancer with cardiac myxoma.Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a 4 cm × 4.5 cm mobile mass on the lateral right atrial wall,and computed tomography revealed a low attenuated lobulating mass in the right atrium.The patient underwent anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer(T4N2).Thereafter,she experienced progressive shortness of breath.Therefore,a cardiac operation was performed 2 wk after the colorectal operation.Histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma,which was identical to the primary lesion.Although two-dimensional echocardiography has become the diagnostic test of choice for detecting cardiac tumors,in patients with colorectal cancer showing a cardiac mass,further diagnostic evaluation such as a magnetic resonance imaging might be necessary.

Hospital type- and volume-outcome relationships in esophageal cancer patients receiving non-surgical treatments

AIM: To study the "hospital type-outcome" and "volumeoutcome" relationships in patients with esophageal cancer who receive non-surgical treatments.METHODS: A total of 6106 patients with esophageal cancer diagnosed between 2008 and 2011 were identified from a national population-based cancer registry in Taiwan. The hospital types were defined as medical center and non-medical center. The threshold for high-volume hospitals was based on a median volume of 225 cases between 2008 and 2011(annual volume, > 56 cases) or an upper quartile(> 75%) volume of 377 cases(annual volume > 94 cases). Cox regression analyses were used to determine the effects of hospital type and volume outcome on patient survival.RESULTS: A total of 3955 non-surgically treated patients were included in the survival analysis. In the unadjusted analysis, the significant prognostic factors included c T, c N, c M stage, hospital type and hospital volume(annual volume, > 94 vs ≤ 94). The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates in the non-medical centers(36.2% and 13.2%, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the medical centers(33.5% and 11.3%, respectively; P = 0.027). The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates in hospitals with an annual volume of ≤ 94(35.3% and 12.6%, respectively) were significantly higher than those with an annual volume of > 94(31.1% and 9.4%, respectively; P = 0.001). However, in the multivariate analysis, the hospital type was not statistically significant. Only c T, c N, and c M stages and hospital volume(annual volume > 94 vs ≤94) were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION: Whether the treatment occurs in medicalcenters is not a significant prognostic factor. Highvolume hospitals were not associated with better survival rates compared with low-volume hospitals.

Relationship and significance between anti-b2-glycoproteinⅠantibodies and platelet activation state in patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM:To study the relationship between anti-b2-glycoprotein Ⅰ (ab2GPⅠ) antibodies and platelet activation state in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and its significance. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples were collected from 56 UC patients (34 males and 22 females, aged 43.5 years, range 21-66 years), including 36 at active stage and 20 at remission stage, and 25 sex-and age-matched controls. The level of ab2GPⅠ was measured by ELISA. The platelet activation markers, platelet activation complex-Ⅰ (PAC-Ⅰ) and P-selectin (CD62P) were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS:The A value for IgG ab2GPⅠ in the active UC group was 0.61 ± 0.13, significantly higher than that in the remittent UC and control groups (0.50 ± 0.13 and 0.22 ± 0.14, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The A value for IgM ab2GPⅠ in the active and remittent UC groups was 0.43 ± 0.13 and 0.38 ± 0.12, significantly higher than that in the control group (0.20 ± 0.12, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The PAC-Ⅰ positive rate for the active and remittent UC groups was 30.6% ± 7.6% and 19.6% ± 7.8% respectively, significantly higher than that for the control group (6.3% ± 1.7%, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The CD62P positive rate for the active and remittent UC groups was 45.0% ± 8.8% and 31.9% ± 7.8% respectively, significantly higher than that for the control group (9.2% ± 2.7%, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). In the active UC group, the more severe the state of illness was, the higher the A value for IgG ab2GPⅠ was, and the positive rate for PAC-I and CD62P was positively correlated with the state of illness (Fab2GPⅠ = 3.679, P < 0.05;FPAC-I (%) = 5.346, P < 0.01;and FCD62P (%) = 5. 418, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, in the same state of illness, the A value for IgG ab2GPⅠ was positively correlated to the positive rates for PAC-I and CD62P. CONCLUSION:ab2GPⅠ level, platelet activation state and their relationship of them are closely correlated with the pathogenesis and development of UC.

Differences in the primary culture, purification and biological characteristics between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from rat aorta

Objective： To investigate the differences of primary culture, purification and biological characteristics between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from rat aorta. Methods： Endothelial cells were obtained using the vascular ring adherence, collagenase digestion method and an improved vascular ring adherence method, while smooth muscle cells were separated from tissue sections of rat aorta. Clones of endothelial cells were selected by limiting dilution assay. Both cell types were identified using specific cell immunofluorescent markers, and phase contrast microscopy was used to observe the morphological disparity between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells at the single cell and colony level. Cell proliferation was determined by the cell counting kit-8. Differences between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were evaluated in trypsin digestion time, attachment time and recovery after cryopreservation. Results： Endothelial cells were obtained by all three methods. The improved vascular ring method provided the most reproducible results. Cells were in good condition, and of high purity. Smooth muscle cells were cultured successfully by the tissue fragment culture method. Clonal expansion of single endothelial cells was attained. The two cell types expressed their respective specific markers, and the rate of proliferation of smooth muscle cells exceeded that of endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were more sensitive to trypsin digestion than smooth muscle cells. In addition, they had a shorter adherence time and better recovery following cryopreservation than smooth muscle cells. Conclusion： The improved vascular ring method was optimal for yielding endothelial cells. Limiting dilution is a novel and valid method for purifying primary endothelial cells from rat aorta. Primary rat endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell cultures exhibited different morphological characteristics, proliferation rate, adherence time, susceptibility to trypsin digestion and recovery after cryopreservation. Our research can be a good foundation for further application in the regeneration of blood vessel.

Long-term disease-free survival after surgical resection for multiple bone metastases from rectal cancer

Bone metastasis of primary colorectal cancer is uncommon.When it occurs,it is usually a late manifestation of disease and is indicative of poor prognosis.We describe a patient with multiple metachronous bone metastases from lower rectal cancer who was successfully treated with multimodal treatment including surgical resections and has shown 32 mo disease-free survival.Surgical resection of metastatic bone lesion(s)from colorectal cancer may be a good treatment option in selected patients.

Obstructive jaundice caused by secondary pancreatic tumor from malignant solitary fibrous tumor of pleura:A case report

对胸膜的恶意的独居的含纤维的肿瘤的手术后的双边的多重肺转移的全身的化疗上的一个 77 岁的人受不了瘙痒和黄疸。血检查显示出肝胆管酶的提高的层次。腹的计算断层摄影术在胰腺的头与外部改进显示出一个肿瘤，与 intra 肝、额外肝的胆汁管的膨胀伴随了。他作为把妨碍的黄疸被一个胰腺的头肿瘤引起了被诊断。胰腺的头肿瘤大概作为胸膜的恶意的独居的含纤维的肿瘤的转移被诊断，因为腹的 CT 上的胰腺的头肿瘤上的调查结果类似于胸膜的恶意的独居的含纤维的肿瘤的主要的肺损害上的那些。胰腺的肿瘤在胆总管的劣等的部分在金属性的斯滕特氏印模膏的培植以后很快成长了。病人死于肺的癌性淋巴管炎。尸体揭示了从胰腺的头传播了到肝的核的一个肿瘤。用显微镜，和骨胶原免职展出原子 atypicality 或分割的塑造锭子的房间被观察。Immunohistochemically 胰腺的头肿瘤房间为 alpha 光滑的肌肉肌动朊(alpha-SMA ) 或 CD117 染色是否定的，但是为 vimentin， CD34 和 CD99 积极。这些调查结果与胸膜的恶意的独居的含纤维的肿瘤上的那些一致。我们报导一个第二等的胰腺的肿瘤从胸膜的恶意的独居的含纤维的肿瘤引起的妨碍的黄疸的第一个案例。

Functional and molecular mechanism of intracellular pH regulation in human inducible pluripotent stem cells

AIM To establish a functional and molecular model of the intracellular pH(pH_i) regulatory mechanism in human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs).METHODS hiP SCs(HPS0077) were kindly provided by Dr. Dai from the Tri-Service General Hospital(IRB No. B-106-09). Changes in the pH_i were detected either by microspectrofluorimetry or by a multimode reader with a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe, BCECF, and the fluorescent ratio was calibrated by the high K^+/nigericin method. NH_4Cl and Na-acetate prepulse techniques were used to induce rapid intracellular acidosis and alkalization, respectively. The buffering power(β) was calculated from the ΔpH_i induced by perfusing different concentrations of(NH_4)_2SO_4. Western blot techniques and immunocytochemistry staining were used to detect the protein expression of pH_i regulators and pluripotency markers.RESULTS In this study, our results indicated that(1) the steadystate pH_i value was found to be 7.5 ± 0.01(n = 20) and 7.68 ± 0.01(n =20) in HEPES and 5% CO_2/HCO_3^- buffered systems, respectively, which were much greater than that in normal adult cells(7.2);(2) in a CO_2/HCO_3^--buffered system, the values of total intracellular buffering power(β) can be described by the following equation: β_(tot) = 107.79(pH_i)~2-1522.2(pH_i) + 5396.9(correlation coefficient R^2 = 0.85), in the estimated pH_i range of 7.1- 8.0;(3) the Na^+/H^+ exchanger(NHE) and the Na^+/HCO_3^- cotransporter(NBC) were found to be functionally activated for acid extrusion for pHi values less than 7.5 and 7.68, respectively;(4) V-ATPase and some other unknown Na^+-independent acid extruder(s) could only be functionally detected for pHi values less than 7.1;(5) the Cl^-/OH^- exchanger(CHE) and the Cl^- /HCO_3 anion exchanger(AE) were found to be responsible for the weakening of intracellular proton loading;(6) besides the CHE and the AE, a Cl^--independent acid loading mechanism was functionally identified; and(7) in hiPSCs, a strong positive correlation was observed between the loss of pluripotency and the weakening of the intracellular acid extrusion mechanism, which included a decrease in the steady-state pH i value and diminished the functional activity and protein expression of the NHE and the NBC.CONCLUSION For the first time, we established a functional and molecular model of a pHi regulatory mechanism and demonstrated its strong positive correlation with hiPSC pluripotency.

Bi-Directional Regulation by Chinese Herbal Formulae to Host and Parasite for Multi-Drug Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Humans and Rodents

A decline in the immunopotential of the host plays acritical factor(s) in the occurrence of infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or microorganisms by opportunistic infection. In such an infection, no way out for therapeutic concept, therefore bi-directional trial was the final choice. So we selected aformula, Dang Gui Liu Huang Tang (dLHT), which could both augmentimmune factorsin host and exert bacteriostatic effect. We sought to break through the epidemic by MRSA especially in elderly patient, by the fundamental and clinical trial by employing minor TCM, characterizing bidirectional ability of the decoction by western methods. Animal Experiment: Mitomycin-C (MMC)-treated mice with or without the infection of MRSA were made. The experimental design was made up to examine the bacteriostatic action as well as the immunopo-tentiating bias of the promising Chinese herbal medicine, dLHT, which was first proved for its immune potentiating activities as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics, but not direct aseptic effect was clear for MRSA. Both basic and clinical data showed that this formula was effective on repelling from the infectious focus after the treatment of MRSA infection. After the administration of dLHT, the number of white blood cells in MMC-treated mice recovered to 80% of the normal level. In addition, the phagocytic activity of macrophages increased to 70% in the dLHT-treated group, while that of the non-treated group was only 20%. The bactericidal activity also recovered to the level close to the normal value by dLHT. The ratio of neutrophils in the dLHT-administered group increased to 2.2% (normal mice, 2.6%), whereas that in the non-terated group was only 0.5%. The bacterial count in the liver of MRSA-challenged mice reached the peak at six hours after the challenge in both dLHT-treated and non-treated mice. However, the number of bacteria in dLHT group was much greater than that in the non-treated group. The bacterial count in the blood showed an increase 12 and 24 hours after the challenge. Even 24 hours after the challenge, a significant number of bacteria existed in the blood of dLHT-administered group, whereas only a small number of bacteria detectable 6 hours after the challenge and the number gradually decreased thereafter in the dLHT-administered group. MRSA-challenged MMC-treated mice were treated by dLHT, vancomycin, or dLHT and vancomycin. All of non-treated mice died 8 days after the MRSA challenge, whereas the survival rates were 60% after dLHT treatment, 40% after vancomycin treatment, and 80% after dLHT and vancomycin treatment. All of MMC-treated mice, to which the phagocytic cells prepared from MMC-treated mice with dLHT administration had adoptively been transferred, survived from MRSA challenge. On the other hand, the survival rate of MMC-treated mice, to which the lymphocytes prepared from the same mice had adoptively been transferred, was 40%. Clinical Trial: All cases with dLHT treatment showed negative culture results for MRSA after the dLHT administration. The culture generally became negative less than 50 days after the initial administration, whereas one control case needed more than 100 days and the other was dead of the infection. One representative case, who was a 78-year-old woman suffering from hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and cerebral bleeding in the right occipital lobe, infected with MRSA during the antibiotic therapy for Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antibiotic therapy was halted and the dLHT administration started. Three weeks later, the culture result became negative. In addition, serum protein and albumin values also returned to the level that they had had before the infection of MRSA.

韩国的结核病治疗

尚未见对韩国结核病控制系统进行全面描述的文献。韩国结核病患病率自1965年来急剧下降,部分原因是其远见性的政府政策,即对整个人群提供低价、可及的结核病治疗。在结核病控制体系内公立和私立医疗机构可提供多种治疗选择。国家结核病规程以提高新病例的治愈率为重点,而私立医疗机构则在治疗耐药结核病和其他疑难类型病例上发挥更大的作用。自1980年以来,耐药结核病由于多种原因出现下降趋势,包括引入利福平基础的方案 提高了治愈率,营养和生活水平的提高以及私立医疗机构对耐药结核病的治疗。耐多药结核病仍然对公众健康造成严重威胁。韩国关于耐多药结核病治疗结局的有限资料表明,耐多药结核病的治愈率低,失败和放弃率高。控制耐多药结核病需要新的新公共卫生措施。

肺癌患者外周血血小板活化标志物水平及其临床意义(英文)

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the activation markers of platelets and the lung cancer. Meth- ods: Based on international stages of lung cancer in 1997, lung cancer patients of 120 cases diagnosed by pathology as well as with operation indication were selected as the experimental group. During the process of experiment, 60 cases concluded as healthy in the physical examination were chosen as control group. The activation markers of platelets were detected by FCM method. The experimental result would be processed by SPSS 11.5. Results: The level of activation markers of platelets in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients was significantly higher than those healthy people (P < 0.01). The level of activation markers of platelets in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients on the seventh postoperative day was significantly lower than that before operation and on the first postoperative day (P < 0.01). The level of activation markers of platelets in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients was closely related to the size of the primary tumor, lymph node status and stages, but not to the grade of cell differentiation, type of tumor, age, sex of the patients (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Elevation of the level of activation markers of platelets in peripheral blood exists in lung cancer patients and the levels of activation marker of platelets plays an important role in tumor growth and lymphatic metastasis. The levels of activation markers of platelets maybe a predictor for prognosis.

The potential function of transhiatal esophagectomy in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma

Objective: To analyze the results and introduce the experiences of transhiatal esophagectomy in combined with different synthetic therapy. Methods: Seventy-one patients with esophageal carcinoma, median age was 62, 40 of stage I, 26 of IIa, 4 of stage IIb, 1 of stage IV, were treated with transhiatal esophagectomy. 9 and 17 patients were treated with preopera- tive radiotherapy (4000 cGy) and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (6000 cGy) respectively; 5 patients were treated with preoperative chemotherapy. Results: The postoperative 1, 3 and 5 years survival rates were 100%, 91.43%, and 86.21% for stage I; 92%, 83.33%, and 57.14% for stage IIa; 75%, 50%, and 50% for stage IIb; 100%, 0, and 0 for stag IV and 95.71%, 86.89%, and 71.70% as a whole, respectively. The incidence of complications was 12.68%. Conclusion: Transhiatal esopha- gectomy combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be beneficial to patients with esophageal carcinoma at stage IIa or earlier who can’t tolerate or need not be treated by transthoracic esophagectomy.

肺硬化性血管瘤的组织发生学研究(英文)

Objective: To investigate the histogenesis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH). Methods: Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), surfactant proteins A, B (SP-A, SP-B), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), vimentin, pancytokeratin, cytokeratin7 (CK7), CK5/6, calretinin, S-100, neurospecific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin A (CgA), CD34, factor-VIII-related antigen (F-VIII) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in 55 patients with PSH were examined with immunohistochemistry, while samples from 19 patients were also observed by electron microscope. Follow- up information were reviewed. Results: Pathologically, PSH mainly consisted of both surface lining cuboidal cells and pale polygonal cells. Immunohistochemitry revealed that coexpression of TTF-1, EMA and vimentin in both cuboidal and polygonal cells was 94.5 % (52/55), 90.5% (50/55) and 58.2% (32/55), respectively. In cuboidal cells, the expression of SP-A and SP-B was 92.7% (51/55) and 81.8 % (45/55), respectively. Whereas pancytokeratin and CK7 immunostained the cuboidal cells in all cases. The polygonal cells were difussed immunostained with Syn in 13 PSHs (24%) and NSE in 8 PSHs (15%), while im- munoreactions with S-100 and CgA were separated detected in 7 PSHs (13%). There was no significant difference of TTF-1 and EMA expression between these two cells (χ2 value was 1.371 and 3.352, respectively. P > 0.05). In contrast, there was a significant difference of vimentin between them (χ2 value was 17.720, P < 0.001). Electron microcopy observation showed that ultrastructure may not differ from each other sometime. The follow-up was obtained for 49 cases ranged from 3 months to 14 years. 48 of them had no recurrence or metastasis except one case had recurrence. Conclusion: PSH may origin from the primitive respiratory epithelial. Polygonal and cuboidal cells are all parenchymal neoplasm cells. The concomitant examination of TTF-1, SPA, SP-B, EMA, vimentin and pancytokeratin may favor the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PSH.