Choosing a Pathway Towards Advancing China's Reform of the Power Industry

●A reasonable and transparent pricing mechanism; ●A 'top-down' project approval mechanism; ●An effective demand forecasting system; ●An incentive mechanism for private and foreign investments; and ● A fundamental of efficiency improvement Considering China's reality when moving towards marketization In April 2007, the State Council issued the 'Proposal for the Implementation of Furthering the Institutional Reform of the Power Industry during the 11th Five-Year Plan.' The proposal clearly states the main tasks of the power reform for the next steps.

Low-Carbon Development in the World and China's Climate Policy Options

The British government initiated the concept of low-carbon economy in its 2003 White Paper on energy,which constituted an economic model for higher economic output with low natural resource consumption and low environmental pollution.

Reforms in the Chinese Electric Power Sector

This paper summarizes the reforms happened in the Chinese electric power sector in recent years.Although some major measures for the electricity reforms have made progress in a phase sense,including direct trading between major electricity producers and consumers,energy-saving power dispatch and the increase of electricity prices,the deployment of these reforms into practice is facing more difficulties than expected.The author also gives an outlook for the electric power reform in the 12th Five-Year Plan period,and deems that the government may not take substantial steps to reform the electricity system.Reforms on the electricity system will continue in a more moderate manner and focus on electricity prices.

Evolution of China's Role in the Structure of Global Carbon Emission Transfers:An Empirical Analysis Based on Network Governance

This paper reconsiders the roles of China and some developed countries in the network of carbon emission transfers via international trade in value added from a new perspective of network governance.Network search intensity(NSI)and the extended gravity model are used with cross-country panel data to analyze the mechanism of China's engagement in network governance of carbon emission transfers.The results show that from 2000 to 2009,China was a net exporter of carbon emissions,even though it shifted from the semi-periphery to the core in the network of carbon emissions embodied in imports.Meanwhile,NSI had a significant positive impact on carbon emissions embodied in exports.Given China's important role in the global production network and division of labor,NSI may also affect industrial structure and the quality of the ecological environment to a large extent.This study analyses the network governance mechanism of China's participation in global carbon transfers.The results suggest that the technical complexity of export products and product heterogeneity do not change the positive impact of NSI on carbon emissions.

China＇s Energy Strategy Adjustment under Energy Conservation and Carbon Emission Constraints

经济发展和能源需求的阶段性特征、节能减排的基本国策以及气候变暖和温室气体减排的制约，都要求中国能源战略，尤其是能源结构战略，进行相应调整。以往中国的能源战略规划主要是从能源储备和能源生产，即能源供给侧来考虑满足能源需求问题。为了应对气候变化，中国能源结构战略亟待调整：一是要从供给和需求双侧管理来考虑满足能源需求问题，二是要将二氧化碳排放作为满足能源需求的一个约束。建立优化模型，得到反映节能和排放约束下的最优能源结构，进而通过可计算一般均衡模型，评估能源结构变化导致的能源成本增加对宏观经济的影响，结果表明：政府的可再生能源规划对二氧化碳减排具有重要的正面影响，但二氧化碳排放约束改变能源结构导致的能源成本增加，对宏观经济具有一定的负面影响。因为中国许多重要行业对煤炭和火电的依赖程度依然很高，所以，现阶段通过改变能源结构减排的空间不大，应该重视其他方面的节能减排努力。

Impact of Technological Progress and Industrial Structure Distortion on Energy Intensity in China

The paper measures the industrial structure distortion(ISD)index by region in China from 1978 to 2016 using data on employment and output shares of the three industries.It also analyzes the impact of ISDs by region on energy intensity using a spatial panel model.The results show that since the reform and opening up,the ISD index by region has declined significantly,with the lowest index in the eastern region,the medium one in the central region and the highest in the western region.The estimated results of the spatial econometric model indicate that there is a significant inter-regional dependence of energy intensity in China;there is a significant indirect effect of ISD,despite no significant direct effect on energy intensity;in terms of total effect,ISD is an important factor inhibiting the decline of energy intensity.The results also unveil that higher energy prices and foreign trade are positive factors declining energy intensity,while FDI worsens energy intensity and R&D spending has no significant positive impact on curbing energy intensity.In order to reduce energy intensity,China should work to eliminate the micro cause of ISDs,promote the transfer of agricultural labor,establish a market-oriented mechanism for energy price formation,and enhance the efficiency of R&D spending.

Joint Affairs

Why it makes sense for Africa to turn to Chinese investment andknowhow in renewable energyCHINA-AFRICA energy cooperation is one of the most talked-about topics on international energy cooperation in the international arena.After years of rapid development,China will now need to give careful consideration to this cooperation.

资源税改革:以煤炭为例的资源经济学分析(英文)

以煤炭为例,利用修正的El Serafy使用者成本法估计煤炭资源耗减成本可以证明,中国煤炭资源的开发利用存在使用者成本,并随着煤炭产量的大幅增加而迅速提高,需要通过征收从价资源税来反映煤炭资源的真实成本。计算结果还表明,1992—2009年间,中国基于使用者成本的从价煤炭资源税理论税率在2%—14%之间波动。进一步通过动态可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型分析从价煤炭资源税对宏观经济的影响,可以发现,对煤炭资源征收5%—12%的从价资源税,宏观经济成本将在可承受范围之内,而且能够反映煤炭作为稀缺性资源的耗减成本。因此,中国的资源税改革具有可持续发展的意义。