Construction on Establishment of Security Risk Assessment Index System for Chinese Peacekeeping Operations

In recent years,with the gradual deepening of Chinese participation in peacekeeping operations,the risks associated with peacekeeping operations have also gradually increased.Chinese peacekeeping operation safety risk assessment indicator system is the basis for evaluating the participation efficiency of Chinese participation in international peacekeeping operations and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.This paper discusses the establishment of a risk assessment index system based on the principles of safety system engineering and risk management.It begins with a number of aspects including staffing,equipment and tactics levels.The essay establishes Security Risk Assessment Index System for Chinese Peacekeeping,which provides technical support for the application of the evaluation system in the future.

Effect of Opening Size on the Development of Ventilation-limited Fire

There are many factors,that affect the development of indoor fire,such as the size of the fire source,the opening or space of the room,and the nature of the combustible materials.Among them,the space of the room,has a significant impact on the development of a ventilation-limited fire.In this paper,the Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS)software is used to analyze,the risk of fire initiation in the restricted ventilated compartment,when the size of vertical ventilation space is different.Through,a combination of experimental design,numerical simulation,and theoretical analysis,the changes in the level of carbon monoxide,visibility,temperature,Heat Release Rate(HRR)and,the smoke exhaust efficiency of natural smoke at different opening sizes are observed.It is observed that,when the ratio of inlet and outlet area reaches 2:1,the natural smoke exhaust effect is the best,however,the increasing in the opening size has little significance on the smoke exhaust effect.The research on the influence of smoke outlet size,will helps in the development of the law regarding fire prevention,smoke exhaust design,and fire rescue work of a building.

Numerical Analysis of Explosion Characteristics of Vent Gas From 18650 LiFePO_(4) Batteries With Different States of Charge

The combustion and explosion characteristics of lithium-ion battery vent gas is a key factor in determining the fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries.Investigating the combustion and explosion hazards of lithium-ion batteries vent gas can provide guidance for rescue and protection in explosion accidents in energy storage stations and new energy vehicles,thereby promoting the application and development of lithium-ion batteries.Based on this understanding and combined with previous research on gas production from lithium-ion batteries,this article conducted a study on the combustion and explosion risks of vent gas from thermal runaway of 18650 LFP batteries with different states of charge(SOCs).The explosion limit of mixed gases affected by carbon dioxide inert gas is calculated through the“elimination”method,and the Chemkin-Pro software is used to numerically simulate the laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature of the battery vent gas.And the concentration of free radicals and sensitivity coefficients of major elementary reactions in the system are analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the combustion explosion hazard of battery vent gas.The study found that the 100%SOC battery has the lowest explosion limit of the vent gas.The inhibitory elementary reaction sensitivity coefficient in the reaction system is lower and the concentration of free radicals is higher.Therefore,it has the maximum laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature.The combustion and explosion hazard of battery vent gas increases with the increase of SOC,and the risk of explosion is the greatest and most harmful when SOC reaches 100%.However,the related hazards decrease to varying degrees with overcharging of the battery.This article provides a feasible method for analyzing the combustion mechanism of vent gas from lithium-ion batteries,revealing the impact of SOC on the hazardousness of battery vent gas.It provides references for the safety of storage and transportation of lithium-ion batteries,safety protection of energy storage stations,and the selection of related fire extinguishing agents.

Strategic Behavior Analysis and Modeling for Resilient Resource Allocation

In an era where power systems face increased cyber threats,social media data,especially public sentiment during outages,emerges as a crucial component for devising defense strategies.We present a methodology that integrates sentiment analysis of social media data with advanced reinforcement learning techniques to tackle uncertain load redistribution cyberattacks.This approach first employs VADER and Support Vector Machine(SVM)sentiment analysis on collected social media data,revealing insightful information about power outages and public sentiment.Proximal Policy Optimization(PPO),a state-of-the-art reinforcement learning method,is then applied in the second stage to leverage these insights,manage outage uncertainty,and optimize defense strategies.The efficacy of this methodology is demonstrated on a modified IEEE 6-bus system.The results underscore our approach's effectiveness in utilizing social media data for a nuanced,targeted response to cyberattacks.This pioneering methodology offers a promising direction for enhancing power grid resilience against cyberattacks and natural disasters,highlighting the value of social media sentiment analysis in power systems security.