Floods are both risks and resources. Floodwater utilization is an important part of flood management. Considering the rising shortage of water resources, serious water pollution, and undersupply of electric power, it...Floods are both risks and resources. Floodwater utilization is an important part of flood management. Considering the rising shortage of water resources, serious water pollution, and undersupply of electric power, it’s imperative to strengthen flood management. In light of the hydrological characteristics of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River in P. R. China, we investigated the necessity and feasibility of TGP floodwater utilization, proprosed dynamic control of limited water level during flood season of the reservoir and basin-wide integrated floodwater management as strategies, and identified problems that might occur in practice.展开更多
Based on the fluidity, strength, heat of hydration and loop crack resistance experiment of multi-powder paste, the components and proportion of multi-powder were optimized and the concrete properties were studied. The...Based on the fluidity, strength, heat of hydration and loop crack resistance experiment of multi-powder paste, the components and proportion of multi-powder were optimized and the concrete properties were studied. The multi-powder consists of limestone powder, slag, fly ash and moderate heat Portland cement (PMH cement). The results show that the compressive strength of the multi-powder paste and mortar is close to those of PMH cement, fly ash paste and mortar currently used in dam concrete, yet the flexural strength is relatively higher. The multi-powder paste is featured by larger fluidity, lower heat of hydration and delayed cracking time. In comparison, less unit water consumption and cement is used in multi-powder concrete, and under premise of equal mechanical performance, deformation, thermal performance and durability, the adiabatic temperature rise at 28 d is reduced by 2 ℃. In this way, the crack resistance is improved and it is feasible both technically and economically to produce HPC for dam concrete.展开更多
In the gap-ratio range of 0.0≤G≤7.0, a particle image velocimetry PIV is applied to conduct a systematic experimental research of the flow around a horizontal circular cylinder in the cross-flow of shallow water. Th...In the gap-ratio range of 0.0≤G≤7.0, a particle image velocimetry PIV is applied to conduct a systematic experimental research of the flow around a horizontal circular cylinder in the cross-flow of shallow water. The velocity distribution of transient flow field at various gap-ratios is obtained. Based on these data, the phenomena and rules of the vortex and its course of generation, development and evolvement at various gap-ratios are analyzed, and it is found that there are similar unshedding vortex structures at G = 0.0 and G = 7.0, and others are structures of shedding vortex. The figures of typical vortex movements are given. Based on this, the differences between the transient flow field and the time-averaged flow field and the characteristics of the vortex structures are analyzed. In addition when the Strouhal number keeps constant （about 0.2） concerning vortex shedding have been discussed. The findings of this paper are of guiding significance for engineering issues with similar flowing features.展开更多
基金Funded by National Key Technologies R&D Program (2008BAB29B09)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science (2007C017)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20080440956)
文摘Floods are both risks and resources. Floodwater utilization is an important part of flood management. Considering the rising shortage of water resources, serious water pollution, and undersupply of electric power, it’s imperative to strengthen flood management. In light of the hydrological characteristics of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River in P. R. China, we investigated the necessity and feasibility of TGP floodwater utilization, proprosed dynamic control of limited water level during flood season of the reservoir and basin-wide integrated floodwater management as strategies, and identified problems that might occur in practice.
基金Project(50879095) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Based on the fluidity, strength, heat of hydration and loop crack resistance experiment of multi-powder paste, the components and proportion of multi-powder were optimized and the concrete properties were studied. The multi-powder consists of limestone powder, slag, fly ash and moderate heat Portland cement (PMH cement). The results show that the compressive strength of the multi-powder paste and mortar is close to those of PMH cement, fly ash paste and mortar currently used in dam concrete, yet the flexural strength is relatively higher. The multi-powder paste is featured by larger fluidity, lower heat of hydration and delayed cracking time. In comparison, less unit water consumption and cement is used in multi-powder concrete, and under premise of equal mechanical performance, deformation, thermal performance and durability, the adiabatic temperature rise at 28 d is reduced by 2 ℃. In this way, the crack resistance is improved and it is feasible both technically and economically to produce HPC for dam concrete.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No: 50479035)
文摘In the gap-ratio range of 0.0≤G≤7.0, a particle image velocimetry PIV is applied to conduct a systematic experimental research of the flow around a horizontal circular cylinder in the cross-flow of shallow water. The velocity distribution of transient flow field at various gap-ratios is obtained. Based on these data, the phenomena and rules of the vortex and its course of generation, development and evolvement at various gap-ratios are analyzed, and it is found that there are similar unshedding vortex structures at G = 0.0 and G = 7.0, and others are structures of shedding vortex. The figures of typical vortex movements are given. Based on this, the differences between the transient flow field and the time-averaged flow field and the characteristics of the vortex structures are analyzed. In addition when the Strouhal number keeps constant （about 0.2） concerning vortex shedding have been discussed. The findings of this paper are of guiding significance for engineering issues with similar flowing features.
