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Development,growth,and future of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:65 years tackling medical research paradigms
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作者 Xiaoshuang Wang Jing Wang Tao Cheng 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期883-886,共4页
The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(IBMS)is a global leader in biomedical research and advanced medical education.This year(2023)marks the 65^(th)anniversary of its foundation at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sci... The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(IBMS)is a global leader in biomedical research and advanced medical education.This year(2023)marks the 65^(th)anniversary of its foundation at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and School of Basic Medicine(SBM)of the Peking Union Medical College(PUMC).In the beginning,the IBMS and SBM incorporated the premedical departments of the PUMC,which was established by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1917.Since then,these departments have been committed to undertakingrstrate medical science research in China. 展开更多
关键词 Basic IBMS FOUNDATION
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Clinical manifestations,diagnosis and long-term prognosis of adult autoimmune enteropathy:Experience from Peking Union Medical College Hospital 被引量:1
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作者 Mu-Han Li Ge-Chong Ruan +9 位作者 Wei-Xun Zhou Xiao-Qing Li Sheng-Yu Zhang Yang Chen Xiao-Yin Bai Hong Yang Yu-Jie Zhang Peng-Yu Zhao Ji Li Jing-Nan Li 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第19期2523-2537,共15页
BACKGROUND Autoimmune enteropathy(AIE)is a rare disease whose diagnosis and long-term prognosis remain challenging,especially for adult AIE patients.AIM To improve overall understanding of this disease’s diagnosis an... BACKGROUND Autoimmune enteropathy(AIE)is a rare disease whose diagnosis and long-term prognosis remain challenging,especially for adult AIE patients.AIM To improve overall understanding of this disease’s diagnosis and prognosis.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical,endoscopic and histopathological characteristics and prognoses of 16 adult AIE patients in our tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2023,whose diagnosis was based on the 2007 diagnostic criteria.RESULTS Diarrhea in AIE patients was characterized by secretory diarrhea.The common endoscopic manifestations were edema,villous blunting and mucosal hyperemia in the duodenum and ileum.Villous blunting(100%),deep crypt lymphocytic infiltration(67%),apoptotic bodies(50%),and mild intraepithelial lymphocytosis(69%)were observed in the duodenal biopsies.Moreover,there were other remarkable abnormalities,including reduced or absent goblet cells(duodenum 94%,ileum 62%),reduced or absent Paneth cells(duodenum 94%,ileum 69%)and neutrophil infiltration(duodenum 100%,ileum 69%).Our patients also fulfilled the 2018 diagnostic criteria but did not match the 2022 diagnostic criteria due to undetectable anti-enterocyte antibodies.All patients received glucocorticoid therapy as the initial medication,of which 14/16 patients achieved a clinical response in 5(IQR:3-20)days.Immunosuppressants were administered to 9 patients with indications of steroid dependence(6/9),steroid refractory status(2/9),or intensified maintenance medication(1/9).During the median of 20.5 months of followup,2 patients died from multiple organ failure,and 1 was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.The cumulative relapse-free survival rates were 62.5%,55.6%and 37.0%at 6 months,12 months and 48 months,respectively.CONCLUSION Certain histopathological findings,including a decrease or disappearance of goblet and Paneth cells in intestinal biopsies,might be potential diagnostic criteria for adult AIE.The long-term prognosis is still unsatisfactory despite corticosteroid and immunosuppressant medications,which highlights the need for early diagnosis and novel medications. 展开更多
关键词 Autoimmune enteropathy Clinical manifestations Diagnostic criteria Pathological features Long-term prognosis
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A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect 被引量:2
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作者 Taolian Yang Hua Zhong +1 位作者 Wei Wang Jianwei Wang 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2022年第3期240-245,I0010,共7页
Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and... Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College medical health scientific and technological innovation ten years
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Artificial Bear Bile:A Novel Approach to Balancing Medical Requirements and Animal Welfare
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作者 Yong Li Yuhong Huang +26 位作者 Nan Feng Heping Zhang Jing Qu Shuanggang Ma Yunbao Liu Jiang Li Shaofeng Xu Ling Wang Mi Zhang Jie Cai Weiping Wang Ru Feng Hang Yu Bo Yu Dailiang Liang Heping Qin Suxiang Luo Yanfen Li Meifeng Li Ruihua Wang Chen Ma Yan Wang Xiaobo Cen Xiaoxian Xu Boli Zhang Xiaoliang Wang Shishan Yu 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期100-112,共13页
Bear bile has been a valuable and effective medicinal material in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for over 13 centuries.However,the current practice of obtaining it through bear farming is under scrutiny for its adve... Bear bile has been a valuable and effective medicinal material in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for over 13 centuries.However,the current practice of obtaining it through bear farming is under scrutiny for its adverse impact on bear welfare.Here,we present a new approach for creating artificial bear bile(ABB)as a high-quality and sustainable alternative to natural bear bile.This study addresses the scientific challenges of creating bear bile alternatives through interdisciplinary collaborations across various fields,including resources,chemistry,biology,medicine,pharmacology,and TCM.A comprehensive efficacy assessment system that bridges the gap between TCM and modern medical terminology has been established,allowing for the systematic screening of therapeutic constituents.Through the utilization of chemical synthesis and enzyme engineering technologies,our research has achieved the environmentally friendly,large-scale production of bear bile therapeutic compounds,as well as the optimization and recomposition of ABB formulations.The resulting ABB not only closely resembles natural bear bile in its composition but also offers advantages such as consistent product quality,availability of raw materials,and independence from threatened or wild resources.Comprehensive preclinical efficacy evaluations have demonstrated the equivalence of the therapeutic effects from ABB and those from commercially available drained bear bile(DBB).Furthermore,preclinical toxicological assessment and phase I clinical trials show that the safety of ABB is on par with that of the currently used DBB.This innovative strategy can serve as a new research paradigm for developing alternatives for other endangered TCMs,thereby strengthening the integrity and sustainability of TCM. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial bear bile Chemical profile Formula optimization Pharmacodynamic consistency Preclinical toxicological assessment
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The"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)Pilot Program at PUMC:Implementation,Performance,and Prospects
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作者 Jing-Jing Yi Wei-Wei Xu +6 位作者 Chao Ma He Di Jing Jin Le Zeng Wen-Ji Tu Wen-Wen Sun Qin Zhang 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期144-148,共5页
Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)launched the"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)pilot program in 2018,admitting students with non-medical backgrounds from top universities,aligning with national medical talent training... Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)launched the"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)pilot program in 2018,admitting students with non-medical backgrounds from top universities,aligning with national medical talent training policies to foster diverse and eager learners in medicine.On the occasion of the graduation of the first class of the"4+4"MD pilot class at PUMC in 2023,we reviewed the teaching reform in the pilot program and carried out a systematic survey and interviews with students,faculties,and management staff of the pilot class.This article reports on the measures taken by the pilot class at PUMC in enrollment and curriculum setting,and demonstrates the achievements of the pilot class in terms of student academic background structure,knowledge acquisition and skill learning,scientific research ability,and course evaluation.The results indicated that the pilot class had met the national demand for the"Medicine+X"talent training model.More specifically,with a diverse academic backgrounds,the pilot class graduates had academic levels comparable to the eight-year medical education graduates,and their scientific research abilities were satisfactory.The pilot program at PUMC will optimize the curriculum setting,strengthen the construction of faculty,learning resources,and teaching facilities,and reform the academic evaluation methods,thus deepening the reform of medical education and improving the"4+4"MD program as a novel medical education model. 展开更多
关键词 "4+4"MD pilot program teaching reform medical education
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Research misconduct in hospitals is spreading:A bibliometric analysis of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals 被引量:2
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作者 Zi-han Yuan Yi Liu 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2023年第4期84-101,共18页
Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated ho... Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in China’s mainland from 2000 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach: Data for 1,031 retracted papers were identified from the Web of Science Core collection database. The information of the hospitals involved was obtained from their official websites. We analyzed the chronological changes, journal distribution, discipline distribution and retraction reasons for the retracted papers. The grade and geographic locations of the hospitals involved were explored as well.Findings: We found a rapid increase in the number of retracted papers, while the retraction time interval is decreasing. The main reasons for retraction are plagiarism/self-plagiarism(n=255), invalid data/images/conclusions(n=212), fake peer review(n=175) and honesty error(n=163). The disciplines are mainly distributed in oncology(n=320), pharmacology & pharmacy(n=198) and research & experimental medicine(n=166). About 43.8% of the retracted papers were from hospitals affiliated with prestigious universities. Research limitations: This study fails to differentiate between retractions due to honest error and retractions due to research misconduct. We believe that there is a fundamental difference between honest error retractions and misconduct retractions. Another limitation is that authors of the retracted papers have not been analyzed in this study.Practical implications: This study provides a reference for addressing research misconduct in Chinese university-affiliated hospitals. It is our recommendation that universities and hospitals should educate all their staff about the basic norms of research integrity, punish authors of scientific misconduct retracted papers, and reform the unreasonable evaluation system.Originality/value: Based on the analysis of retracted papers, this study further analyzes the characteristics of institutions of retracted papers, which may deepen the research on retracted papers and provide a new perspective to understand the retraction phenomenon. 展开更多
关键词 Retracted papers RETRACTION Research integrity Research misconduct Chinese university-affiliated hospitals
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Chinese Guideline on the Management of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (2022) 被引量:2
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作者 You-Xin Chen Yu-Qing Zhang +16 位作者 Chang-Zheng Chen Hong Dai Su-Yan Xiang Ma Xiao-Dong Sun Shi-Bo Tang Yu-Sheng Wang Wen-Bin Wei Feng Wen Ge-Zhi Xu Wei-Hong Yu Mei-Xia Zhang Ming-Wei Zhao Yang Zhang Fang Qi Xun Xu Xiao-Xin Li 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2023年第2期77-93,共17页
Background In China's Mainland,patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD)have approximately an 40%prevalence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV).This disease leads to recurrent retinal ... Background In China's Mainland,patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD)have approximately an 40%prevalence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV).This disease leads to recurrent retinal pigment epithelium detachment(PED),extensive subretinal or vitreous hemorrhages,and severe vision loss.China has introduced various treatment modalities in the past years and gained comprehensive experience in treating PCV.Methods A total of 14 retinal specialists nationwide with expertise in PCV were empaneled to prioritize six questions and address their corresponding outcomes,regarding opinions on inactive PCV,choices of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF)monotherapy,photodynamic therapy(PDT)monotherapy or combined therapy,patients with persistent subretinal fluid(SRF)or intraretinal fluid(IRF)after loading dose anti-VEGF,and patients with massive subretinal hemorrhage.An evidence synthesis team conducted systematic reviews,which informed the recommendations that address these questions.This guideline used the GRADE(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation)approach to assess the certainty of evidence and grade the strengths of recommendations.Results The panel proposed the following six conditional recommendations regarding treatment choices.(1)For patients with inactive PCV,we suggest observation over treatment.(2)For treatment-na?ve PCV patients,we suggest either anti-VEGF monotherapy or combined anti-VEGF and PDT rather than PDT monotherapy.(3)For patients with PCV who plan to initiate combined anti-VEGF and PDT treatment,we suggest later/rescue PDT over initiate PDT.(4)For PCV patients who plan to initiate anti-VEGF monotherapy,we suggest the treat and extend(TE)regimen rather than the pro re nata(PRN)regimen following three monthly loading doses.(5)For patients with persistent SRF or IRF on optical coherence tomography(OCT)after three monthly anti-VEGF treatments,we suggest proceeding with anti-VEGF treatment rather than observation.(6)For PCV patients with massive subretinal hemorrhage(equal to or more than four optic disc areas)involving the central macula,we suggest surgery(vitrectomy in combination with tissue-plasminogen activator(tPA)intraocular injection and gas tamponade)rather than anti-VEGF monotherapy.Conclusions Six evidence-based recommendations support optimal care for PCV patients'management. 展开更多
关键词 polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy anti-vascular endothelial growth factor photodynamic therapy SURGERY
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2022 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines on clinical management of toxicity in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma 被引量:3
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作者 Ping Li Yang Liu +37 位作者 Yun Liang Jian Bo Sujun Gao Yongxian Hu Yu Hu He Huang Xiaojun Huang Hongmei Jing Xiaoyan Ke Jianyong Li Yuhua Li Qifa Liu Peihua Lu Heng Mei Ting Niu Yongping Song Yuqin Song Liping Su Sanfang Tu Jianxiang Wang Depei Wu Zhao Wang Kailin Xu Zhitao Ying Qingming Yang Yajing Zhang Fengxia Shi Bin Zhang Huilai Zhang Xi Zhang Mingfeng Zhao Weili Zhao Xiangyu Zhao Liang Huang Jun Zhu Wenbin Qian Weidong Han Aibin Liang 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第2期129-146,共18页
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-c... Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-cell products and advances in CAR T cell therapy,CAR T cells are expected to be used in a growing number of cases.However,CAR T-cell-associated toxicities can be severe or even fatal,thus compromising the survival benefit from this therapy.Standardizing and studying the clinical management of these toxicities are imperative.In contrast to other hematological malignancies,such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma,anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in B-NHL have several distinctive features,most notably local cytokine-release syndrome(CRS).However,previously published guidelines have provided few specific recommendations for the grading and management of toxicities associated with CAR T-cell treatment for B-NHL.Consequently,we developed this consensus for the prevention,recognition,and management of these toxicities,on the basis of published literature regarding the management of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities and the clinical experience of multiple Chinese institutions.This consensus refines a grading system and classification of CRS in B-NHL and corresponding measures for CRS management,and delineates comprehensive principles and exploratory recommendations for managing anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in addition to CRS. 展开更多
关键词 CAR T-cell therapy B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma TOXICITY cytokine-release syndrome clinical management
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Exhaustive review of acceleration strategies for Monte Carlo simulations in photon transit 被引量:1
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作者 Louzhe Xu Zijie Zhu Ting Li 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第5期5-21,共17页
Monte Carlo simulation techniques have become the quintessence and a pivotal nexus of inquiry in the realm of simulating photon movement within biological fabrics.Through the stochastic sampling of tissue archetypes d... Monte Carlo simulation techniques have become the quintessence and a pivotal nexus of inquiry in the realm of simulating photon movement within biological fabrics.Through the stochastic sampling of tissue archetypes delineated by explicit optical characteristics,Monte Carlo simulations possess the theoretical capacity to render unparalleled accuracy in the depiction of exceedingly intricate phenomena.Nonetheless,the quintessential challenge associated with Monte Carlo simulation methodologies resides in their extended computational duration,which significantly impedes the re¯nement of their precision.Consequently,this discourse is speci¯cally dedicated to exploring innovations in strategies and technologies aimed at expediting Monte Carlo simulations.It delves into the foundational concepts of various acceleration tactics,evaluates these strategies concerning their speed,accuracy,and practicality,and amalgamates a comprehensive overview and critique of acceleration methodologies for Monte Carlo simulations.Ultimately,the discourse envisages prospective trajectories for the employment of Monte Carlo techniques within the domain of tissue optics. 展开更多
关键词 Medical optics photon transport simulation Monte Carlo simulation ACCELERATION
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Advances in Medical Applications of Additive Manufacturing 被引量:9
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作者 Chunxu Li Dario Pisignano +1 位作者 Yu Zhao Jiajia Xue 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2020年第11期1222-1231,共10页
In the past few decades,additive manufacturing(AM)has been developed and applied as a cost-effective and versatile technique for the fabrication of geometrically complex objects in the medical industry.In this review,... In the past few decades,additive manufacturing(AM)has been developed and applied as a cost-effective and versatile technique for the fabrication of geometrically complex objects in the medical industry.In this review,we discuss current advances of AM in medical applications for the generation of pharmaceuticals,medical implants,and medical devices.Oral and transdermal drugs can be fabricated by a variety of AM technologies.Different types of hard and soft clinical implants have also been realized by AM,with the goal of producing tissue-engineered constructs.In addition,medical devices used for diagnostics and treatment of various pathological conditions have been developed.The growing body of research on AM reveals its great potential in medical applications.The goal of this review is to highlight the usefulness and elucidate the current limitations of AM applications in the medical field. 展开更多
关键词 Additive manufacturing Medical applications PHARMACEUTICS Medical implants Medical devices
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Medical Emergencies in Dental Clinics: A Survey of 2013 Dentists in China 被引量:3
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作者 Quan Jing Kuo Wan +1 位作者 Lin Ma Jizhi Zhao 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2020年第4期342-349,共8页
Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by... Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by Society of Sedation and Analgesia of Chinese Stomatological Association in 18 cities from December 2015 to December 2018.Demographic information of the dentists and the characteristics of medical emergencies they encountered were collected and analyzed.The associated demographic features for dentist experiencing medical emergencies were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results A total of 2013 dentists provided valid responses and reported 2923 events of medical emergencies in dental clinics.Among them,85.0%reported that they had encountered medical emergencies,and 35.5%had encountered at least twice.Syncope(35.9%)and hypoglycemia(30.3%)were the most common reported medical emergencies.Medical emergencies were most likely to occur during local anesthesia(49.9%),out-patient oral surgery(25.9%),and root canal treatment(11.3%).There were 6 patients(0.2%)died in emergencies.84.0%dentists reported that they had never received training courses about medical emergency management in dentistry other than Basic Life Support.Longer practicing time(10-15 years)(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.85,P=0.004),working in private dental facilities(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.20-2.38,P=0.003)were associated with an increased risk of experiencing medical emergencies.Conclusion More efforts are needed in prevention,early identification,and timely management of medical emergencies in dental clinics in order to prevent fatal outcomes.The results of this survey are useful information for re-designing emergency training courses for Chinese dentists. 展开更多
关键词 dental clinics DENTISTS medical emergency FREQUENCY SURVEY
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Self-Appraisal of Clinical Competence in Echocardiography of Chinese Intensivists Post Basic Echocardiography Training
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作者 Wei He Xue-Ying Zeng +3 位作者 Hong-Min Zhang Xiao-Ting Wang Yan-Gong Chao Critical Care Ultrasound Study Group 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2023年第2期125-129,共5页
Objectives To learn the echocardiography skills of intensivists after receiving a basic critical care echocardiography training course,and investigate factors that may influence their performance.Methods We completed ... Objectives To learn the echocardiography skills of intensivists after receiving a basic critical care echocardiography training course,and investigate factors that may influence their performance.Methods We completed a web-based questionnaire that assessed the skills in ultrasound scanning techniques of intensivists who took a training course on basic critical care echocardiography held in 2019 and 2020.MannWhitney test was used to analyze the factors which might affect their performance on image acquisition,recognizing clinical syndrome,and measuring the diameter of inferior vena cava,left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral.Results We enrolled 554 physicians from 412 intensive care units across China.Among them,185(33.4%)reported that they had 10%-30%chance of being misled by critical care echocardiography when making therapeutic decision,and 34(6.1%)reported that the chance was greater than 30%.Intensivists who performed echocardiography under the guidance of a mentor and finished ultrasound scanning more than 10 times per week reported significant higher scores in image acquisition,clinical syndrome recognition,and quantitative measurement of inferior vena cava diameter,left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral than those without mentor and performing echocardiography 10 times or less per week respectively(all P 0.05).Conclusion The skills in diagnostic medical echocardiography of Chinese intensivists after a basic echocardiographic training course remain low,and further quality assurance training program is clearly warranted. 展开更多
关键词 PHYSICIAN critical care ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY TRAINING
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Implement the Palliative Care in Medical Practice of a Tertiary Comprehensive Hospital in China 被引量:2
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作者 Xiaohong Ning 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2018年第4期210-215,共6页
The locations and modalities of palliative care services to patients with severe/end-stage illness can be diverse,ranging from general hospitals to home-based care.The concept of palliative care hasn't been fully ... The locations and modalities of palliative care services to patients with severe/end-stage illness can be diverse,ranging from general hospitals to home-based care.The concept of palliative care hasn't been fully applied to medical practice by care providers in China's Mainland,where the seriously ill or terminal patients mainly receive medical care in hospitals.The implementation of palliative care in medical practice has developed greatly in Peking Union Medical College hospital in terms of clinical patient care,education,and research.This article gives an overview of it,and the experiences in team building,promotion,support seaking and fund raising were also discussed in this article.We hope to explore an effective dilivering model of palliative care for end-stage patients that is adaptive to Chinese culture and social environment. 展开更多
关键词 PALLIATIVE CARE medical practice education TEAM building
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Progress in the generation of spinal cord organoids over the past decade and future perspectives
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作者 Gang Zhou Siyuan Pang +1 位作者 Yongning Li Jun Gao 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1013-1019,共7页
Spinal cord organoids are three-dimensional tissues derived from stem cells that recapitulate the primary morphological and functional characteristics of the spinal cord in vivo.As emerging bioengineering methods have... Spinal cord organoids are three-dimensional tissues derived from stem cells that recapitulate the primary morphological and functional characteristics of the spinal cord in vivo.As emerging bioengineering methods have led to the optimization of cell culture protocols,spinal cord organoids technology has made remarkable advancements in the past decade.Our literature search found that current spinal cord organoids do not only dynamically simulate neural tube formation but also exhibit diverse cytoarchitecture along the dorsal-ventral and rostral-caudal axes.Moreover,fused organoids that integrate motor neurons and other regionally specific organoids exhibit intricate neural circuits that allows for functional assessment.These qualities make spinal cord organoids valuable tools for disease modeling,drug screening,and tissue regeneration.By utilizing this emergent technology,researchers have made significant progress in investigating the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of spinal cord diseases.However,at present,spinal cord organoid technology remains in its infancy and has not been widely applied in translational medicine.Establishment of the next generation of spinal cord organoids will depend on good manufacturing practice standards and needs to focus on diverse cell phenotypes and electrophysiological functionality evaluation. 展开更多
关键词 development organoid-on-a-chip pluripotent stem cells PROGRESS spinal cord diseases spinal cord organoids VASCULARIZATION
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The advantages of multi-level omics research on stem cell-based therapies for ischemic stroke
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作者 Yiqing Wang Chuheng Chang +2 位作者 Renzhi Wang Xiaoguang Li Xinjie Bao 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第9期1998-2003,共6页
Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, despite many years of preclinical research, the application of stem cells is still limited to the clinical trial stage. Altho... Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, despite many years of preclinical research, the application of stem cells is still limited to the clinical trial stage. Although stem cell therapy can be highly beneficial in promoting functional recovery, the precise mechanisms of action that are responsible for this effect have yet to be fully elucidated. Omics analysis provides us with a new perspective to investigate the physiological mechanisms and multiple functions of stem cells in ischemic stroke. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses have become important tools for discovering biomarkers and analyzing molecular changes under pathological conditions. Omics analysis could help us to identify new pathways mediated by stem cells for the treatment of ischemic stroke via stem cell therapy, thereby facilitating the translation of stem cell therapies into clinical use. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discuss recent progress in the development of stem cell therapies for the treatment of ischemic stroke by applying multi-level omics. We also discuss changes in RNAs, proteins, and metabolites in the cerebral tissues and body fluids under stroke conditions and following stem cell treatment, and summarize the regulatory factors that play a key role in stem cell therapy. The exploration of stem cell therapy at the molecular level will facilitate the clinical application of stem cells and provide new treatment possibilities for the complete recovery of neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke. 展开更多
关键词 ischemic stroke mesenchymal stem cells metabolomics multilevel omics neural stem/progenitor cells NEUROINFLAMMATION PATHOPHYSIOLOGY proteomics stem cell therapy TRANSCRIPTOMES
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Effectiveness and safety of combined nimotuzumab and S-1 chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer in malnourished and elderly patients:A prospective phaseⅡstudy
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作者 Guojie Feng Jiao Li +14 位作者 Nuo Yu Ziyu Zheng Xiongtao Yang Lei Deng Tao Zhang Wenqing Wang Wenyang Liu Jianyang Wang Qinfu Feng Jima Lyu Zefen Xiao Zongmei Zhou Nan Bi Jianjun Qin Xin Wang 《Chinese Journal of Cancer Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期270-281,共12页
Objective:Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.However,this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity,and most malnourished or elderly... Objective:Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT)is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.However,this treatment is associated with substantial toxicity,and most malnourished or elderly patients are unable to complete this therapy.Therefore,there is a need for a more suitable radiotherapy combination regimen for this population.This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen comprising chemotherapy with nimotuzumab and S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy for patients with fragile locally advanced esophageal cancer with a high Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002)score.Methods:Eligible patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma who had an NRS-2002 score of 2 or higher were enrolled.They were treated with S-1 and nimotuzumab with concurrent radiotherapy,followed by surgery or definitive radiotherapy.The primary endpoint was the locoregional control(LRC)rate.Results:A total of 55 patients who met the study criteria were enrolled.After completion of treatment,surgery was performed in 15 patients and radiotherapy was continued in 40 patients.The median follow-up period was 33.3[95%confidence interval(95%CI,31.4−35.1)]months.The LRC rate was 77.2%(95%CI,66.6%−89.4%)at 1 year in the entire population.The overall survival(OS)rate and event-free survival(EFS)rate were 57.5%and 51.5%at 3 years,respectively.Surgery was associated with better LRC[hazard ratio(HR)=0.16;95%CI,0.04−0.70;P=0.015],OS(HR=0.19;95%CI,0.04−0.80;P=0.024),and EFS(HR=0.25;95%CI,0.08−0.75;P=0.013).Most adverse events were of grade 1 or 2,and no severe adverse events occurred.Conclusions:For malnourished or elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer,radiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab and S-1 is effective and has a good safety profile. 展开更多
关键词 Esophageal carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma nutritional risk score NIMOTUZUMAB S-1 definitive chemoradiotherapy
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An Update on the Clinical Pipelines of New Antibacterial Drugs Developed in China
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作者 Xinyi Yang Congran Li +8 位作者 Xiukun Wang Zhonghui Zheng Peiyi Sun Chunjie Xu Luni Chen Jiandong Jiang Staffan Normark Birgitta Henriques-Normark Xuefu You 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期52-68,共17页
Antibacterial resistance is a global health threat that requires further concrete action on the part of all countries.In this context,one of the biggest concerns is whether enough new antibacterial drugs are being dis... Antibacterial resistance is a global health threat that requires further concrete action on the part of all countries.In this context,one of the biggest concerns is whether enough new antibacterial drugs are being discovered and developed.Although several high-quality reviews on clinical antibacterial drug pipelines from a global perspective were published recently,none provides comprehensive information on original antibacterial drugs at clinical stages in China.In this review,we summarize the latest progress of novel antibacterial drugs approved for marketing and under clinical evaluation in China since 2019.Information was obtained by consulting official websites,searching commercial databases,retrieving literature,asking personnel from institutions or companies,and other means,and a considerable part of the data covered here has not been included in other reviews.As of June 30,2023,a total of 20 antibacterial projects from 17 Chinese pharmaceutical companies or developers were identified and updated.Among them,two new antibacterial drugs that belong to traditional antibiotic classes were approved by the National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)in China in 2019 and 2021,respectively,and 18 antibacterial agents are in clinical development,with one under regulatory evaluation,five in phase-3,six in phase-2,and six in phase-1.Most of the clinical candidates are new analogs or monocomponents of traditional antibacterial pharmacophore types,including two dual-acting hybrid antibiotics and a recombinant antibacterial protein.Overall,despite there being 17 antibacterial clinical candidates,our analysis indicates that there are still relatively few clinically differentiated antibacterial agents in stages of clinical development in China.Hopefully,Chinese pharmaceutical companies and institutions will develop more innovative and clinically differentiated candidates with good market potential in the future research and development(R&D)of original antibacterial drugs. 展开更多
关键词 Antimicrobial resistance New antibiotics Clinical pipelines WHO priority pathogens National Mega-Project for Innovative Drugs
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Computerized Bowel Sound Analysis with Non-Invasive Devices for Irritable Bowel Syndrome:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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作者 Xia-Xiao Yan Yue-Lun Zhang +2 位作者 Yu-Pei Zhang Ying-Yun Yang Dong Wu 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期122-130,共9页
Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,an... Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and IEEE Xplore databases until September 2023.Cross-sectional and case-control studies on diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for IBS were identified.We estimated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval(CI),and plotted a summary receiver operat-ing characteristic curve and evaluated the area under the curve.Results Four studies were included.The pooled diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,nega-tive likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.94(95%CI,0.87‒0.97),0.89(95%CI,0.81‒0.94),8.43(95%CI,4.81‒14.78),0.07(95%CI,0.03‒0.15),and 118.86(95%CI,44.18‒319.75),respectively,with an area under the curve of 0.97(95%CI,0.95‒0.98).Conclusions Computerized bowel sound analysis is a promising tool for IBS.However,limited high-quality data make the results'validity and applicability questionable.There is a need for more diagnostic test accuracy studies and better wearable devices for monitoring and analysis of IBS. 展开更多
关键词 irritable bowel syndrome bowel sound analysis diagnostic accuracy systematic review META-ANALYSIS
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Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Enhances Zika Virus Translation by Binding to the 5'UTR of Internal Ribosomal Entry Site
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作者 Moliduer Hamiti Xin-Tian Zhang +4 位作者 Rui-Min Zhu Yun-Peng Liu Bin Yin Peng-Cheng Shu Xiao-Zhong Peng 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2024年第3期163-172,共10页
Objectives To identify the 5'untranslated region of Zika virus(ZIKV 5'UTR)RNA-binding proteins and to investigate the impact of the binding protein on the activity of internal ribosomal entry site(IRES)located... Objectives To identify the 5'untranslated region of Zika virus(ZIKV 5'UTR)RNA-binding proteins and to investigate the impact of the binding protein on the activity of internal ribosomal entry site(IRES)located in ZIKV 5'UTR and virus production.Methods Interacting proteins in U251 cells were captured using tRSA-tagged ZIKV 5'UTR RNA and tRSA-ZIKV 5'UTR RNA-binding proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE silver staining,Subsequently,liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),bioinformatics analysis,and Western blot were used to identify the candidate proteins binding to ZIKV 5'UTR.Dicistronic expression assay and plaque forming assay were performed to analyze the effect of the binding protein on ZIKV IRES activity and ZIKV production,respecitvely.Results tRSA RNA pull-down assay,LC-MS/MS,and Western blot analysis showed that polypyrimidine tractbinding protein(PTB)bound to the ZIKV 5'UTR.Furthermore,dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that overexpression of PTB significantly enhanced the IRES activity of ZIKV(t=10.220,P<0.001),while PTB knockdown had the opposite effect(t=4.897,P<0.01).Additionally,virus plaque forming assay demonstrated that up-regulation of PTB expression significantly enhanced viral titer(t=6.400,P<0.01),whereas reducing PTB expression level weakened virus infectivity(t=5.055,P<0.01).Conclusion PTB positively interacts with the ZIKV 5'UTR and enhances IRES activity and virus production. 展开更多
关键词 internal ribosomal entry site polypyrimidine tract-binding protein Zika virus tRSA RNA pull-down dual-luciferase reporter assay
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Efficacy of Raw Corn Starch in Insulinoma-Related Hypoglycemia:A Promising Supportive Therapy
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作者 Rong-Rong Li Wei Chen +3 位作者 Xin-Hua Xiao Miao Yu Fan Ping Lian Duan 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期102-110,共9页
Objective To investigate the efficacy of raw corn starch(RCS)in clinical management of insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia.Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data of insulinoma patients who received RCS-supplem... Objective To investigate the efficacy of raw corn starch(RCS)in clinical management of insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia.Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data of insulinoma patients who received RCS-supplemented diet preoperatively,and analyzed the therapeutic effects of the RCS intervention on blood glucose control,weight change,and its adverse events.Results The study population consisted of 24 cases of insulinoma patients,7 males and 17 females,aged 46.08±14.15 years.Before RCS-supplemented diet,all patients had frequent hypoglycemic episodes(2.51±3.88 times/week),concurrent with neuroglycopenia(in 83.3% of patients)and autonomic manifestations(in 75.0% of patients),with the median fasting blood glucose(FBG)of 2.70(interquartile range[IQR]:2.50-2.90)mmol/L.The patients'weight increased by 0.38(IQR:0.05-0.65)kg per month,with 8(33.3%)cases developing overweight and 7(29.2%)cases developing obesity.All patients maintained the RCS-supplemented diet until they underwent tumor resection(23 cases)and transarterial chemoembolization for liver metastases(1 case).For 19 patients receiving RCS throughout the day,the median FBG within one week of nutritional management was 4.30(IQR:3.30-5.70)mmol/L,which was a significant increase compared to pre-nutritional level[2.25(IQR:1.60-2.90)mmol/L;P<0.001].Of them,10 patients receiving RCS throughout the day for over four weeks had sustained improvement in FBG compared to pre-treatment[3.20(IQR:2.60-3.95)mmol/L vs.2.15(IQR:1.83-2.33)mmol/L;P<0.001].Five patients who received RCS only at night also had a significant increase in FBG within one week of nutritional management[3.50(IQR:2.50-3.65)mmol/L vs.2.20(IQR:1.80-2.60)mmol/L;P<0.001],but only one patient who continued to receive RCS for over four weeks did not have a significant improvement in FBG.No improvement in weight gain was observed upon RCS supplementation.Mild diarrhea(2 cases)and flatulence(1 case)occurred,and were relieved by reduction of RCS dose.Conclusion The RCS-supplemented diet is effective in controlling insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia. 展开更多
关键词 corn starch HYPOGLYCEMIA INSULINOMA nutrition therapy
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