旅游城市环境规划优化方法与应用研究(Ⅱ)昆明旅游圈环境规划优化

将IFMOPOMTCE该模型应用于昆明市旅游圈旅游环境规划优化的实例当中 ,取得了较为成功的效果 ,并采用情景分析和交互式调整的方法制定出两种方案 ,通过比较分析确定出适合昆明市旅游业持续发展的最优发展方案 ,为决策者提供了科学的决策依据 。

旅游城市环境规划优化方法与应用研究(Ⅰ)不确定性多目标规划模型

以旅游城市环境系统的综合性、多目标性、动态性和不确定性的特征出发 ,提出用不确定性模糊多目标规划 (IFMOP)模型来解决旅游城市环境规划优化问题 .通过建立旅游城市环境不确定性模糊多目标规划系统模型 (IFMOPMTCE) ,使旅游城市环境系统的特性在模型建立和求解过程中得以充分反映 ,同时也有效地协调了环境经济等目标之间的矛盾与冲突 。

世贸中心大厦为何坍塌?——简化分析

对2001年9月11日纽约世贸中心大厦整体坍塌的原因作了简化的近似分析.分析表明:如果大厦某一层大部分支柱在持续高温作用下失去了承载能力,则整个大厦就会彻底坍塌.尽管采用了一些对承载能力有利的简化假设,但仍发现其结构抗力比实际所需的承载能力低一个数量级.

Preparation and anti atomic oxygen erosion properties of OPPOSS/PI composites

Atomic oxygen （AO） found in low earth orbit can cause serious erosion to polyimide （PI） materials, which greatly limits their lifetime. 8-phenyl silsesquioxane （OPPOSS） was synthesized, and OPPOSS/PI composites were pre- pared by physical blending, followed by thermal imidization to enhance the AO erosion resistance of PI materials. The morphology, composition, and structure of the composites were analyzed before and after AO exposure in a ground sim- ulated facility of atomic oxygen. After 16 h AO exposure, the OPPOSS/PI composite with 5wt% OPPOSS addition shows an erosion rate of about 1.4×10-24 cm3/atom with only 48% mass loss of that of PI without OPPOSS addition. The mixture of OPPOSS nano molecules is assembled into a kind of regular square structure and distributed evenly in OPPOSS/PI composites. Some SiO2 particles are formed in the composites during AO exposure, which can act as ＂inert points＂ to reduce the AO erosion rate of OPPOSS/PI composites.

Applying PP Model Based on RAGA in Water Environment Quality Evaluation

Projection Pursuit (PP) model is a technique of falling high dimension. Real coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA) is a method of optimum. Through combining the PP model and RAGA, the paper applies the model in the water environment quality evaluation. The writer takes the water quality evaluated indexes of each sample as projection direction and turns high dimension data into low dimension projection value. Thus, the writer achieves on evaluating the grade of water samples and its optimum order. Based on this, the writer overcomes the jamming of weights calculated on fuzzy synthesize judge and gray system valuation. The paper can provide a new thought for water environment quality evaluation and other falling high dimension and optimum issue.

Eco-drainage Pond in Non Irrigated Land for the Conservation of Land and Water Based on Community Participation

There are some bad impacts from a critical land such as flood in rainy season and dryness in dry season. Long dryness could cause shortage of water for human consumption, industry and agriculture. Prevention has been made to avoid the both bad impacts by building hydraulic structures like reservoirs and ponds in order to reduce the peak flow during the rainy season and to store the water for use during the dry season. However, they gradually become full of sediment. This will make them work insufficiently and will cause high maintenance cost. Moreover, wells in agriculture field used as retention also suffer dryness to make crop failure. This study aims to develop a model of pond for conservation of land and water in non irrigated land. Community participation is crucial in order to solve the flood and dryness problems. The community, especially the farmers will participate actively in the implementation and maintenance of the model. There are benefits in using the pond model such as： （1） to control sediment transport to the rivers, reservoir or other hydraulic structures; （2） to reduce flood rate; （3） to increase ground water recharge; （4） to contain water for agriculture and （5） to control the fertility of land. The cost of making a unit of model （sedrainpond） of 1.5 m diameter and 1.5 meter depth is relatively cheap between $10 to $20 （US）, and the maintenance is done by the farmers. When the pond model becomes functional, besides containing water in the rainy season, the water can be used to sustain water for agriculture in the dry season to avoid any crop failure. When the pond becomes dry, the farmers can harvest the suspended load sediment such as clay or silt to spread onto their land to keep its fertility.

成功的编辑应养成六方面的习惯(英文)

As a writer, I know the apprehension and dread that can fill the heart upon receipt of a note or an e - mail from an editor. Is she going to try to second - guess my ending? Does he think he knows my characters better than I do? Now that I′m sitting on the other side of the fence with my big red editing pen, I see that what I once thought were strange arbitrary judgments meant to drive my writing brethren and me to the edge of sanity are, for lack of a better phrase, for our own good! There are things that can be done, easy things requiring very little blood from either side, that an editor can do to make the process less frightening, less random,and an all-around painless experience.

Daytime-nighttime variations in the concentration of PM_(0.1) carbonaceous particles during a biomass fire episode in Chiang Mai,Thailand

Carbonaceous aerosols affect air quality adversely,affect global warming,and human health.However,our understanding of the impact of ultrafine(PM_(0.1))carbonaceous particulate matter is incomplete,particularly the effects during haze episodes.This study monitored diurnal variations in PM_(0.1) in Chiang Mai,Thailand,from March to April 2020.We investigated carbonaceous PM_(0.1) collected by an ambient nano-sampler and evaluated their effect by using a carbon analyzer(IMPROVE_TOR).The results showed that burning large open areas in the dry season was crucial for increasing the particle mass concentration because of the large open burnings that occurred in this area.The majority of biomass fires near the sampling site occurred during the night,which would allow more particles to be released thus resulting in higher concentrations of PM_(0.1).Hence,the release of PM_(0.1) during the night would obviously result in higher concentrations than that during the day.In the eight carbon profiles,organic carbon 3(OC3)was predicted to be a marker of biomass fires.The carbon indices displayed that PM_(0.1) was influenced by biomass burning both daytime and nighttime.The findings reported herein should be of great impor-tance in terms of establishing biomass burning control policies for mitigating heavy haze pollution in Thailand and elsewhere.

Characterization and modeling of supercritical CO_(2) pulse pressures:Effects of activator mass and discharge plate thickness

Utilizing a bespoke CO_(2) phase transition pulse pressure experimental system,we conducted pulse pressure characterization tests across various activator masses,CO_(2) filling pressures,and energy discharge plate thick-nesses.This approach enabled us to ascertain the pulse pressure's response characteristics and variation patterns under diverse conditions.The formula for calculating the peak supercritical CO_(2) pulse pressure was deduced by modeling the ultimate load calculation of the clamped circular plate,and then the time-course expression of the supercritical CO_(2) phase transition pulse pressure and energy was carried out by introducing the time factor and taking into account the parameters of the activator mass and the thickness of the energy discharging plate.Our findings reveal a four-stage pressure evolution in the cracking tube during initiation:a gradual increase,a rapid spike,swift attenuation,and eventual negative pressure formation.The activator mass and discharge plate thickness critically influence the peak pressure's timing and magnitude.Specifically,increased activator mass hastens peak pressure onset,while a thicker discharge plate amplifies it.The errors between calculated and experimental values for peak supercritical CO_(2) phase transition pressure fall within5%–5%.Furthermore,the pressure peak and arrival time model demonstrates less than 10%error compared to experimental data,affirming its strong applicability.These insights offer theoretical guidance for controlling phase transition pressure and optimizing energy in supercritical CO_(2) systems.

The anelastic origin of mechanical cycling induced rejuvenation in the metallic glass

Mechanical cycling is one of the effective methods to rejuvenate metallic glasses(MGs)and improve their mechanical properties.The anelastic origin of the rejuvenation by mechanical cycling in a La_(30)Ce_(30)Ni_(10)Al_(20)Co_(10) MG was investigated via differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).We demonstrate that mechanical cycling promotes the activation of flow defects with short relaxation times,leading to anelastic strains and therefore considerable energy storage,which manifests itself as larger relaxation enthalpy on the DSC curves of MGs.However,the MGs release the excess relaxation enthalpy caused by anelastic strain with time,thus suppressing atomic mobility and elevating β relaxation activation energies.The strategy of mechanical cycling at small strains,as demonstrated in the current work,can expand the energy states of MGs over a wide range of relaxation enthalpies.

Compressible effect on the cavitating flow:A numeric study

To understand the effect of the compressibility on the cavitating flow, a compressible, multiphase, single component Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） solver is used to study the cavitating flow on a wedge in the present work. A barotropic equation of status is used. A non-linear model for compressibility in the mixture is adopted to capture the effect of the compressibility within the complex cavitation bubbly mixtures. An unsteady cavitation phenomenon is found in the numerical simulation. The numerical results of local compressibility and Mach number in the bubbly mixture are given. The mechanism responsible for the unsteady shedding of the bubbly mixture is discussed based on the numerical results.

Shortest or locally quickest?A prediction-based approach for evacuation choice simulation between multiple staircases

Staircase choice is one of the most critical factors leading to the difference in pedestrian flow and evacuation routes in buildings with multiple staircases.Neither the shortest path to the building exit nor the locally quickest path to the nearest staircase can represent the natural mode of evacuation path choices for an authentic evac-uation simulation.Thus,a prediction-based approach is established to predict and simulate evacuation choices,which helps to address three key issues:(1)extracting evacuation data through a controlled experiment;(2)establishing a Logit model for staircase choice prediction based on experimental data;(3)developing a prediction-based cellular automaton model.The proposed approach has achieved the coupling between choice prediction and evacuation simulation.A comparison with Pathfinder software is conducted to reveal the supe-riority of the prediction-based CA model for simulating staircase choice.