Fe-Zn alloy, a new biodegradable material capable of reducing RoS and inhibiting oxidative stress

Fe-based biodegradable materials have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and favorable biocompatibility.Currently,research on Fe-based materials mainly focuses on regulating the degradation rate.However,excessive release of Fe ions during material degrada-tion will induce the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),leading to oxidative stress and ferroptosis.Therefore,the con-trol of RoS release and the improvement of biocompatibility for Fe-based materials are very important.In this study,new Fe-Zn alloys were prepared by electrodeposition with the intention of using Zn as an antioxidant to reduce oxidative damage during alloy degradation.Initially,the impact of three potential degra-dation ions(Fe^(2+),Fe^(3+),Zn^(2+))from the Fe-Zn alloy on human endothelial cell(EC)activity and migration ability was investigated.Subsequently,cell adhesion,cell activity,ROs production and DNA damage were assessed at various locations surrounding the alloy.Finally,the influence of different concentrations of Zn^(2+) in the medium on cell viability and ROS production was evaluated.High levels of ROS exhibited evident toxic effects on ECs and promoted DNA damage.As an antioxidant,Zn?+effectively reduced ROS production around Fe and improved the cell viability on its surface at a concentration of 0.04 mmol/l.These findings demonstrate that Fe-Zn alloy can attenuate the ROS generated from Fe degradation therebyenhancingcytocompatibility.

Biological applications of copper-containing materials

Copper is an indispensable trace metal element in the human body,which is mainly absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and excreted into the bile.Copper is an important component and catalytic agent of many enzymes and proteins in the body,so it can influence human health through multiple mechanisms.Based on the biological functions and benefits of copper,an increasing number of researchers in the field of biomaterials have focused on developing novel copper-containing biomaterials,which exhibit unique properties in protecting the cardiovascular system,promoting bone fracture healing,and exerting antibacterial effects.Copper can also be used in promoting incisional wounds healing,killing cancer cells,Positron Emission Tomography(PET)imaging,radioimmunological tracing and radiotherapy of cancer.In the present review,the biological functions of copper in the human body are presented,along with an overview of recent progress in our understanding of the biological applications and development of copper-containing materials.Furthermore,this review also provides the prospective on the challenges of those novel biomaterials for future clinical applications.