A NEW GENERAL OPTIMAL PRINCIPLE OF DESIGNING EXPLICIT FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR VALUING DERIVATIVE SECURITIES

A new general optimal principle of designing explicit finite difference method was obtained. Several applied cases were put forward to explain the uses of the principle. The validity of the principal was tested by a numeric example.

Forecasting Financial Distress of Chinese High-tech Manufacturing Companies Based on a Hybrid Model of GA-SVM

Owing to the radical changing of Chinese economy, it is essential to build an effective financial distress prediction model. In this paper, we present a genetic algorithm （GA） approach for optimizing parameters of support vector machine （SVM）. We validate the proposed model on datasets of Chinese high-tech manufacturing industry. Experimental results reveal that the proposed GAo SVM model can compare to and even outperform other exiting classifiers. Compared to grid-search algorithm, the proposed GA-based takes less time to optimize SVM parameter without degrading the prediction accuracy of SVM.

Game Analysis for Intellectual Property Protection(IPP) of Multinational Corporations in the Context of R&D Internationalization

In order to explore the impact relationship between intellectual property protection(IPP) system and technological innovation,a game model was constructed.The system of IPP is a set of game rules to protect the innovation under the background of R&D internationalization.Only when the main parties abide by the system of intellectual property,can the self-interest and collective interest of the two sides be maximized.The government must strengthen the penalties for intellectual property right(IPR) violations,reduce the cost of IPP declaration,reduce the cost of the innovator's own rights protection,and increase the cost of imitate behavior of IPR.

Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)as a fuel and the associated risks:A quantitative analysis in the scenario of a developing country

Excessive dependence on fossil fuels has precipitated various challenges,including Greenhouse Gas(GHG)emissions,health hazards,and the depletion of natural resources.Such perils underscore the importance of conducting requisite risk assessments for alternative fuel sources like Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)to ensure their safe utilization.This study undertakes a quantitative risk assessment encompassing diverse facets of the CNG sector holistically,aiming to pinpoint,analyze,and appraise risks,thus empowering policymakers to devise targeted mitigation strategies.To achieve this goal,the collected data undergoes analysis via an integrated approach combining the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(F-AHP)and Fuzzy Technique of Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(F-TOPSIS).The study's findings reveal a heightened risk of explosion within the CNG sector owing to its highly combustible nature.Additionally,it computes an overall risk index of o0.266 for the CNG sector in a developing nation like Pakistan,indicating a relatively lower risk level compared to other fuel sources.Policymakers are thus advised to undertake requisite measures concerning infrastructure,customer safety,and environmental and economic stability to accrue both immediate and long-term benefits.The appli-cation of hybrid techniques for the risk assessment of the CNG sector in the case of a developing country marks the novelty of this study and a study of the first of its kind.

Comparative Analysis and Fuzzy Selection of Information System Development Approach

At the beginning, this paper briefly introduces the evolution of information system development approach (ISDA), which can be divided into five categories: life cycle approach (LCA), structured approach (SA),prototyping approach (PA), object oriented approach (OOA) and soft system methodology (SSM). After we make a comparative analysis of them,the main factors resulting in failure of information system development (ISD) in China are explained in detail. Consequently, such an assertion that false selection of unsuitable ISDA is the most important reason leading to unsuccessful ISD is reached. In order to avoid it, based on the fuzzy decision making theory, this article demonstrates a method of evaluating alternative ISDAes to select relatively satisfactory one out of them, for which a fuzzy synthetic discrimination model is created. In particular, a typical summarized evaluation index system is established, too. Finally, the application of the above method to a practical information system (IS) is illustrated.