The nonstoichiometric β-SIC powders were synthesized via combustion reaction of Si and C system in a 0.1 MPa nitrogen atmosphere, using Teflon as the chemical activator. The prepared powders were invistigated by XRD ...The nonstoichiometric β-SIC powders were synthesized via combustion reaction of Si and C system in a 0.1 MPa nitrogen atmosphere, using Teflon as the chemical activator. The prepared powders were invistigated by XRD and Raman spectra. The results indicates that the cell parameters of all the prepared β-SIC powder are smaller than the standard value of β-SIC because of generation of CSi defects. The complex permittivity of prepared products was carried out in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. It shows that the dielectric property of prepared β-SiC powder decrease with increasing PTFE content. The effect of CSi defects on dielectric property of β-SiC powder has been discussed.展开更多
A novel Support Vector Machine(SVM) ensemble approach using clustering analysis is proposed. Firstly,the positive and negative training examples are clustered through subtractive clus-tering algorithm respectively. Th...A novel Support Vector Machine(SVM) ensemble approach using clustering analysis is proposed. Firstly,the positive and negative training examples are clustered through subtractive clus-tering algorithm respectively. Then some representative examples are chosen from each of them to construct SVM components. At last,the outputs of the individual classifiers are fused through ma-jority voting method to obtain the final decision. Comparisons of performance between the proposed method and other popular ensemble approaches,such as Bagging,Adaboost and k.-fold cross valida-tion,are carried out on synthetic and UCI datasets. The experimental results show that our method has higher classification accuracy since the example distribution information is considered during en-semble through clustering analysis. It further indicates that our method needs a much smaller size of training subsets than Bagging and Adaboost to obtain satisfactory classification accuracy.展开更多
A new feature extraction method based on 2D-hidden Markov model(HMM) is proposed. Meanwhile the time index and frequency index are introduced to represent the new features. The new feature extraction strategy is tes...A new feature extraction method based on 2D-hidden Markov model(HMM) is proposed. Meanwhile the time index and frequency index are introduced to represent the new features. The new feature extraction strategy is tested by the experimental data that collected from Bently rotor experiment system. The results show that this methodology is very effective to extract the feature of vibration signals in the rotor speed-up course and can be extended to other non-stationary signal analysis fields in the future.展开更多
Regulated and unregulated emissions from four passenger cars fueled with methanol/gasoline blends at different mixing ratios (M15,M20,M30,M50,M85 and M100) were tested over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).Vo...Regulated and unregulated emissions from four passenger cars fueled with methanol/gasoline blends at different mixing ratios (M15,M20,M30,M50,M85 and M100) were tested over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled by Tenax TA and analyzed by thermal desorption-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (TD-GC/MS).Carbonyls were trapped on dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The results showed that total emissions of VOCs and BTEX (benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,p,m,o-xylene) from all vehicles fueled with methanol/gasoline blends were lower than those from vehicles fueled with only gasoline.Compared to the baseline,the use of M85 decreased BTEX emissions by 97.4%,while the use of M15 decreased it by 19.7%.At low-to-middle mixing ratios (M15,M20,M30 and M50),formaldehyde emissions showed a slight increase while those of high mixing ratios (M85 and M100) were three times compared with the baseline gasoline only.When the vehicles were retrofitted with new three-way catalytic converters (TWC),emissions of carbon monoxide (CO),total hydrocarbon (THC),and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were decreased by 24%–50%,10%–35%,and 24%–58% respectively,compared with the cars using the original equipment manufacture (OEM) TWC.Using the new TWC,emissions of formaldehyde and BTEX were decreased,while those of other carbonyl increased.It is necessary that vehicles fueled with methanol/gasoline blends be retrofitted with a new TWC.In addition,the specific reactivity of emissions of vehicles fueled with M15 and retrofitted with the new TWC was reduced from 4.51 to 4.08 compared to the baseline vehicle.This indicates that the use of methanol/gasoline blend at a low mixing ratio may have lower effect on environment than gasoline.展开更多
A valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes is developed in this research.It has the following features:The pump integrates driving and transporting,and it can mix different fluids while transpo...A valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes is developed in this research.It has the following features:The pump integrates driving and transporting,and it can mix different fluids while transporting them.In this paper,firstly,the design of the valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes was proposed,and the single-direction flow principle was explained.Then,the fluid mechanics model of the valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes was established.Meanwhile,the numerical simulation of the pump was performed.Finally,the experiments on relationship between the rotation angles of the slope and the flow rates were conducted.The experimental results showed that the maximum flow was 32.32 mL min 1.The maximum relative error between the theoretical results and the experimental ones was 14.59%.For the relationship between rotation angles and flow ratio of two inlets,the relative error between the experimental and theoretical maxima was 3.75%.Thus,the experiments proved the feasibility of the pump design and verified the theory.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 50572090the fund of the Slate Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU, No. KP200901
文摘The nonstoichiometric β-SIC powders were synthesized via combustion reaction of Si and C system in a 0.1 MPa nitrogen atmosphere, using Teflon as the chemical activator. The prepared powders were invistigated by XRD and Raman spectra. The results indicates that the cell parameters of all the prepared β-SIC powder are smaller than the standard value of β-SIC because of generation of CSi defects. The complex permittivity of prepared products was carried out in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. It shows that the dielectric property of prepared β-SiC powder decrease with increasing PTFE content. The effect of CSi defects on dielectric property of β-SiC powder has been discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60472072)the Specialized Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Educa-tion of China (No.20040699034).
文摘A novel Support Vector Machine(SVM) ensemble approach using clustering analysis is proposed. Firstly,the positive and negative training examples are clustered through subtractive clus-tering algorithm respectively. Then some representative examples are chosen from each of them to construct SVM components. At last,the outputs of the individual classifiers are fused through ma-jority voting method to obtain the final decision. Comparisons of performance between the proposed method and other popular ensemble approaches,such as Bagging,Adaboost and k.-fold cross valida-tion,are carried out on synthetic and UCI datasets. The experimental results show that our method has higher classification accuracy since the example distribution information is considered during en-semble through clustering analysis. It further indicates that our method needs a much smaller size of training subsets than Bagging and Adaboost to obtain satisfactory classification accuracy.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50075079).
文摘A new feature extraction method based on 2D-hidden Markov model(HMM) is proposed. Meanwhile the time index and frequency index are introduced to represent the new features. The new feature extraction strategy is tested by the experimental data that collected from Bently rotor experiment system. The results show that this methodology is very effective to extract the feature of vibration signals in the rotor speed-up course and can be extended to other non-stationary signal analysis fields in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50876013)
文摘Regulated and unregulated emissions from four passenger cars fueled with methanol/gasoline blends at different mixing ratios (M15,M20,M30,M50,M85 and M100) were tested over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled by Tenax TA and analyzed by thermal desorption-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (TD-GC/MS).Carbonyls were trapped on dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The results showed that total emissions of VOCs and BTEX (benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,p,m,o-xylene) from all vehicles fueled with methanol/gasoline blends were lower than those from vehicles fueled with only gasoline.Compared to the baseline,the use of M85 decreased BTEX emissions by 97.4%,while the use of M15 decreased it by 19.7%.At low-to-middle mixing ratios (M15,M20,M30 and M50),formaldehyde emissions showed a slight increase while those of high mixing ratios (M85 and M100) were three times compared with the baseline gasoline only.When the vehicles were retrofitted with new three-way catalytic converters (TWC),emissions of carbon monoxide (CO),total hydrocarbon (THC),and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were decreased by 24%–50%,10%–35%,and 24%–58% respectively,compared with the cars using the original equipment manufacture (OEM) TWC.Using the new TWC,emissions of formaldehyde and BTEX were decreased,while those of other carbonyl increased.It is necessary that vehicles fueled with methanol/gasoline blends be retrofitted with a new TWC.In addition,the specific reactivity of emissions of vehicles fueled with M15 and retrofitted with the new TWC was reduced from 4.51 to 4.08 compared to the baseline vehicle.This indicates that the use of methanol/gasoline blend at a low mixing ratio may have lower effect on environment than gasoline.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50775109 and 51075201)the Important Projects of National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50735002)Open Fund of State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology (Grant No. DMETKF2009002)
文摘A valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes is developed in this research.It has the following features:The pump integrates driving and transporting,and it can mix different fluids while transporting them.In this paper,firstly,the design of the valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes was proposed,and the single-direction flow principle was explained.Then,the fluid mechanics model of the valveless piezoelectric pump with rotatable unsymmetrical slopes was established.Meanwhile,the numerical simulation of the pump was performed.Finally,the experiments on relationship between the rotation angles of the slope and the flow rates were conducted.The experimental results showed that the maximum flow was 32.32 mL min 1.The maximum relative error between the theoretical results and the experimental ones was 14.59%.For the relationship between rotation angles and flow ratio of two inlets,the relative error between the experimental and theoretical maxima was 3.75%.Thus,the experiments proved the feasibility of the pump design and verified the theory.