THE ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR AND OSCILLATION FOR A CLASS OF THIRD-ORDER NONLINEAR DELAY DYNAMIC EQUATIONS

In this paper,we consider a class of third-order nonlinear delay dynamic equations.First,we establish a Kiguradze-type lemma and some useful estimates.Second,we give a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of eventually positive solutions having upper bounds and tending to zero.Third,we obtain new oscillation criteria by employing the Potzsche chain rule.Then,using the generalized Riccati transformation technique and averaging method,we establish the Philos-type oscillation criteria.Surprisingly,the integral value of the Philos-type oscillation criteria,which guarantees that all unbounded solutions oscillate,is greater than θ_(4)(t_(1),T).The results of Theorem 3.5 and Remark 3.6 are novel.Finally,we offer four examples to illustrate our results.

Approach of Obtaining Liquor Flavoring From Yellow Water Based on Azeotropic Distillation

In order to extract the scarce natural liquor flavoring which is the dream of many liquor factories from yellow water,this research first added a proper amount of food-grade entrainer ethanol into yellow water,to form yellow water containing high content of ethanol.Then,the yellow water was subjected to azeotropic distillation and catalytic esterification,obtaining natural acetaldehyde,ethyl formate,ethyl acetate and esterification liquid containing various compounds that can influence the flavor of liquor.In the esterification liquid,the contents of ethyl propionate,ethyl butyrate,ethyl valerate,ethyl lactate and ethyl hexanoate are as higher as 19.0,46.5,1.5,39.8 and 137.1 g/L,respectively.The esterification liquid prepared by one fraction of yellow water can blend 9.14 fractions of common liquor into top-grade Luzhou-flavor liquor.Therefore,yellow water has great recycling value.

Approach of Obtaining Liquor Flavoring from Yellow Water Based on Electro-adsorption

This study was conducted to extract scarce natural liquor flavorings desired by many liquor factories from yellow water. Five straight-chain saturated fatty acids were firstly extracted from 15 fractions of yellow water, forming 1 fraction of the ethanol solution composed of the mixture of the five straight-chain saturated fatty acids. Then, 100 fractions of the ethanol solution could produce 94.857 6 fractions of esterification liquid through catalytic esterification at 80 ℃. The esterification liquid contains five esters： ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl valerate and ethyl caproate, with contents of 17.68%, 2.58%, 6.32%, 0.06% and 19.40%, respectively. The esterification liquid prepared from 1 fraction of yellow water could blend 10.54 fractions of white liquor into top-grade Luzhou-flavor liquor after esterification. It indicates that yellow water has very good recycling and utilization value.

Secure Transmission in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Full-Duplex Technique with Outdated CSI

This paper investigates the effects of the outdated channel state information(CSI)on the secrecy performance of an underlay spectrum sharing cognitive radio networks(CRNs),where the secondary user(SU)source node(Alice)aims to transmit the trusted messages to the full-duplex(FD)aided SU receiver(Bob)with the assistance of cooperative relay(Relay).Considering the impact of feedback delay,outdated CSI will aggravate the system performance.To tackle such challenge,the collaborative zero-forcing beamforming(ZFB)scheme of FD technique is further introduced to implement jamming so as to confuse the eavesdropping and improve the security performance of the system.Under such setup,the exact and asymptotic expressions of the secrecy outage probability(SOP)under the outdated CSI case are derived,respectively.The results reveal that i)the outdated CSI of the SU transmission channel will decrease the diversity gain from min(NANR,NRNB)to NRwith NA,NRand NBbeing the number of antennas of Alice,Relay and Bob,respectively,ii)the introduction of FD technique can improve coding gain and enhance system performance.

A Sparse Kernel Approximate Method for Fractional Boundary Value Problems

In this paper,the weak pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(W-POAFD)method is applied to solve fractional boundary value problems(FBVPs)in the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces(RKHSs)W_(0)^(4)[0,1] and W^(1)[0,1].The process of the W-POAFD is as follows:(i)choose a dictionary and implement the pre-orthogonalization to all the dictionary elements;(ii)select points in[0,1]by the weak maximal selection principle to determine the corresponding orthonormalized dictionary elements iteratively;(iii)express the analytical solution as a linear combination of these determined dictionary elements.Convergence properties of numerical solutions are also discussed.The numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of W-POAFD for solving FBVPs.

一类具有时滞的生态流行病模型的稳定性与Hopf分支

In this paper,an eco-epidemiological model with time delay is studied.The local stability of the four equilibria,the existence of stability switches about the predationfree equilibrium and the coexistence equilibrium are discussed.It is found that Hopf bifurcations occur when the delay passes through some critical values.Formulae are obtained to determine the direction of bifurcations and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions by using the normal form theory and center manifold theorem.Some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results.

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for polycystic ovary syndrome:An overview of systematic reviews

Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is the primary cause of anovulatory infertility,bringing serious harm to women’s physical and mental health.Acupuncture may be an effective treatment for PCOS.However,systematic reviews(SRs)on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS have reported inconsistent results,and the quality of these studies has not been adequately assessed.Objective:To summarize and evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS,as well as to assess the quality and risks of bias of the available SRs.Search strategy:Nine electronic databases(Cochrane Library,MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database,and China Biology Medicine disc)were searched from their establishment to July 27,2022.Based on the principle of combining subject words with text words,the search strategy was constructed around search terms for“acupuncture,”“polycystic ovary syndrome,”and“systematic review.”Inclusion criteria:SRs of randomized controlled trials that explored the efficacy and(or)safety of acupuncture for treating patients with PCOS were included.Data extraction and analysis:Two authors independently extracted study data according to a predesigned form.Tools for evaluating the methodological quality,risk of bias,reporting quality,and confidence in study outcomes,including A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2),Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews(ROBIS),Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses for Acupuncture(PRISMA-A),and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE),were used to score the included SRs.Results:A total of 885 studies were retrieved,and 11 eligible SRs were finally included in this review.The methodological quality of 2 SRs(18.18%)was low,while the other 9 SRs(81.82%)were scored as extremely low.Four SRs(36.36%)were considered to be of low risk of bias.As for reporting quality,the reporting completeness of 9 SRs(81.82%)was more than 70%.Concerning the confidence in study results,2study results were considered to have a high quality of evidence(3.13%),14(21.88%)a“moderate”quality,28(43.75%)a“low”quality,and 20(31.24%)considered a“very low”quality.Descriptive analyses suggested that combining acupuncture with other medicines can effectively improve the clinical pregnancy rate(CPR)and ovulation rate,and reduce luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,and body mass index(BMI).When compared with medicine alone,acupuncture alone also can improve CPR.Further,when compared with no intervention,acupuncture had a better effect in promoting the recovery of menstrual cycle and reducing BMI.Acupuncture was reported to cause no adverse events or some adverse events without serious harm.Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS remains uncertain due to the limitations and inconsistencies of current evidence.More high-quality studies are needed to support the use of acupuncture in PCOS.

Detection and classification of pesticide residues in dandelion(Taraxacum officinale L.)by electronic nose combined with chemometric approaches

In this study,for the first time a suitable pesticide residue detection system for dandelion(Taraxacum officinale L.)was established based on electronic nose to determine and study the concentration of pesticide residue in dandelion.Dandelions were sprayed with different concentrations of pesticides(avermectin,trichlorfon,deltamethrin,and acetamiprid),respectively.Data collection was performed by application of an electronic nose equipped with 12 metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)sensors.Data analysis was conducted using different methods including BP neural network and random forest(RF)as well as the support vector machine(SVM).The results showed the superior effectiveness of SVM in discrimination and classification of non-exceeding maximum residue limits(MRLs)and exceeding MRLs standards.Moreover,the model trained by SVM has the best performance for the classification of pesticide categories in dandelion,and the classification accuracy was 91.7%.The results of this study can provide reference for further development and construction of efficient detection technology of pesticide residues based on electronic nose for agricultural products.

FP-Zernike:An Open-source Structural Database Construction Toolkit for Fast Structure Retrieval

The release of AlphaFold2 has sparked a rapid expansion in protein model databases.Efficient protein structure retrieval is crucial for the analysis of structure models,while measuring the similarity between structures is the key challenge in structural retrieval.Although existing structure alignment algorithms can address this challenge,they are often time-consuming.Currently,the state-of-the-art approach involves converting protein structures into three-dimensional(3D)Zernike descriptors and assessing similarity using Euclidean distance.However,the methods for computing 3D Zernike descriptors mainly rely on structural surfaces and are predominantly web-based,thus limiting their application in studying custom datasets.To overcome this limitation,we developed FP-Zernike,a user-friendly toolkit for computing different types of Zernike descriptors based on feature points.Users simply need to enter a single line of command to calculate the Zernike descriptors of all structures in customized datasets.FP-Zernike outperforms the leading method in terms of retrieval accuracy and binary classification accuracy across diverse benchmark datasets.In addition,we showed the application of FP-Zernike in the construction of the descriptor database and the protocol used for the Protein Data Bank(PDB)dataset to facilitate the local deployment of this tool for interested readers.Our demonstration contained 590,685 structures,and at this scale,our system required only 4-9 s to complete a retrieval.The experiments confirmed that it achieved the state-of-the-art accuracy level.FP-Zernike is an open-source toolkit,with the source code and related data accessible at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/biocode/tools/BT007365/releases/0.1,as well as through a webserver at http://www.structbioinfo.cn/.

Tuberculosis screening among children and adolescents in China:insights from a mathematical model

Background Tuberculosis(TB)continues to be prevalent in China also among children and adolescents in China.We built a dynamic mathematical model for TB transmission in China,and applied it to compare the epidemic trends 2021–2030 under a range of screening interventions focusing on children and adolescents.Methods We developed a dynamic mathematical model with a flexible structure.The model can be applied either stochastically or deterministically,and can encompass arbitrary age structure and resistance levels.In the present version,we used the deterministic version excluding resistance but including age structure with six groups:0–5,6–11,12–14,15–17,18–64,and 65 years and above.We parameterized the model by literature data and fitting it to case and death estimates provided by the World Health Organization.We compared the new TB cases and TB-related deaths in each age group over the period 2021–2030 in 10 scenarios that involved intensified screening of particular age groups of children,adolescents,or young adults,or decreased or increased diagnostic accuracy of the screening.Results Screening the entire age class of 18-year-old persons would prevent 517,000 TB cases and 14,600 TB-related deaths between years 2021 and 2030,corresponding to 6.6%and 5.5%decrease from the standard of care projection,respectively.Annual screening of children aged 6–11 and,to a lesser extent,0–5 years,also reduced TB incidence and mortality,particularly among children of the respective ages but also in other age groups.In contrast,intensified screening of adolescents did not have a major impact.Screening with a simpler and less accurate method resulted in worsened outcomes,which could not be offset by more intensive screening.More accurate screening and better sensitivity to detect latent TB could prevent 2.3 million TB cases and 68,500 TB deaths in the coming 10 years.Conclusion Routine screening in schools can efficiently reduce the burden of TB in China.Screening should be intensified particularly among children in primary school age.

A Few Integrable Dynamical Systems,Recurrence Operators,Expanding Integrable Models and Hamiltonian Structures by the r-Matrix Method

We extend two known dynamical systems obtained by Blaszak, et al. via choosing Casimir functions and utilizing Novikov-Lax equation so that a series of novel dynamical systems including generalized Burgers dynamical system, heat equation, and so on, are followed to be generated. Then we expand some differential operators presented in the paper to deduce two types of expanding dynamical models. By taking the generalized Burgers dynamical system as an example, we deform its expanding model to get a half-expanding system, whose recurrence operator is derived from Lax representation, and its Hamiltonian structure is also obtained by adopting a new way. Finally, we expand the generalized Burgers dynamical system to the （29-1）-dimensional case whose Hamiltonian structure is derived by Poisson tensor and gradient of the Casimir function. Besides, a kind of （29-1）-dimensional expanding dynamical model of the （29-1）-dimensionaJ dynamical system is generated as well.

The programmable CPG model based on Matsuoka oscillator and its application to robot locomotion

The central pattern generator(CPG)is an important functional unit in the spinal cord which can produce rhythmic signals to control locomotion.Recently,there has been a growing interest in programmable central pattern generators(PCPG).In this paper,a new PCPG oscillator and a generic PCPG model based on the Matsuoka oscillator are presented.The perturbation method is used to determine the convergence of the generic PCPG model.The sine signal,the mix signal and chaotic signals are provided as inputs to the model,and the simulation results show that the generic PCPG can learn arbitrary periodic signals.In this paper,the generic PCPGs are allocated at each joint of the compass-like and the three-link robots and their outputs are chosen as joint position commands.The simulations show that the generic PCPG can be used to control robot locomotion effectively.The contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)A new PCPG oscillator based on the Matsuoka oscillator is presented as a beneficial enhancement to the PCPG oscillators.(2)A generic PCPG model is built comprising three PCPG oscillators.It can learn any periodic input signal.These findings are a significant contribution to generic PCPG research.

Relationship between the brain and the central pattern generator based on recurrent neural network

In animals,the command centers in the brain can drive the locomotion.However,it remains unclear how the brain modulates the locomotor central pattern generator(CPG).In this paper,a novel model is established to describe the relation between the brain and the CPG with time delay.The artificial recurrent neural network(RNN)consists of various computational modules that are used to model the brain.The brain synchronization under amplitude and frequency variations of the CPG and the effect of the RNN parameters variations on the CPG are investigated.In the paper,the excitatory neuron probability and average connections number are parameter space of RNN and the parameter space of CPG,which include frequency and amplitude.According to the simulation results,the best RNN synchronization could be obtained by finding the optimum parameters space between the RNN and the CPG.I propose that the parameter space of some CPGs is related to the parameter space of the brain.This leads to a brain load decrement that facilities the control action.The results are meaningful to investigate how to study the relationship between the brain and the locomotion.

A case on acupuncture for Wilson disease

Wilson disease(WD),an autosomal recessive disease with abnormal copper metabolism,is caused by mutations in the ATP7 B gene.The symptoms are characterized by liver,nervous system,and ocular manifestations related to the deposition of copper in the liver,lens nucleus,and cornea.The case reported in this article was a 30-year-old woman with high muscle tension,unable to stand or walk,low voice,and short-term memory loss.Brain MRI showed that patchy Tl,long T2 signals,and high FLAIR presented signals in the basal ganglia thalamus area,subcortex,and brain stem.Low signal shadows were presented in magnetically sensitive bilateral basal ganglia region,callus,and cerebellar dentate nucleus.Ceruloplasmin was significantly reduced.With conventional treatments by western medicine,the symptoms were not alleviated.However,after the application of acupuncture-assisted treatment,the patient is capable with self-care ability,thus a desired effect was achieved.It is therefore suggested that acupuncture shall be applied to assist the treatment of WD to relieve symptoms and help patients regain self-care ability.