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Provenance and depositional setting of the Late MiocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and western Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry 被引量:1
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作者 Salih M.Awadh Zinah S.Al-Ankaz +1 位作者 Mohanad R.A.Al-Owaidi John S.Armstrong-Altrin 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期399-410,共12页
The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co,... The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co, V, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, which is lower than that of the average crustal compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian Shale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones were recycled and derived from a distal source. The Th/Co, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late Miocene–Pliocene sandstones were derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian Shield. 展开更多
关键词 REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin
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Electrokinetic-mechanism of water and furfural oxidation on pulsed laser-interlaced Cu_(2)O and CoO on nickel foam 被引量:1
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作者 Yewon Oh Jayaraman Theerthagiri +3 位作者 M.L.Aruna Kumari Ahreum Min Cheol Joo Moon Myong Yong Choi 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期145-154,共10页
The electrocatalytic oxidation of biomass-derived furfural(FF)feedstocks into 2-furoic acid(FA)holds immense industrial potential in optics,cosmetics,polymers,and food.Herein,we fabricated Co O/Ni O/nickel foam(NF)and... The electrocatalytic oxidation of biomass-derived furfural(FF)feedstocks into 2-furoic acid(FA)holds immense industrial potential in optics,cosmetics,polymers,and food.Herein,we fabricated Co O/Ni O/nickel foam(NF)and Cu_(2)O/Ni O/NF electrodes via in situ pulsed laser irradiation in liquids(PLIL)for the bifunctional electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and furfural oxidation reaction(FOR),respectively.Simultaneous oxidation of NF surface to NiO and deposition of CoO and/or Cu_(2)O on NF during PLIL offer distinct advantages for enhancing both the OER and FOR.CoO/NiO/NF electrocatalyst provides a consistently low overpotential of~359 m V(OER)at 10 m A/cm^(2),achieving the maximum FA yield(~16.37 m M)with 61.5%selectivity,79.5%carbon balance,and a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of~90.1%during 2 h of FOR at 1.43 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode).Mechanistic pathway via in situ electrochemical-Raman spectroscopy on CoO/NiO/NF reveals the involvement of phase transition intermediates(NiOOH and CoOOH)as surface-active centers during electrochemical oxidation.The carbonyl carbon in FF is attacked by hydroxyl groups to form unstable hydrates that subsequently undergo further oxidation to yield FA products.This method holds promise for large-scale applications,enabling simultaneous production of renewable building materials and fuel. 展开更多
关键词 Pulsed laser irradiation in liquids Water and furfural oxidation In situ Raman spectroscopy CoO/NiO/nickel foam Cu_(2)O/Nio/nickel foam 2-furoic acid
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Stepped-up development of accelerator mass spectrometry method for the detection of ^(60)Fe with the HI-13 tandem accelerator 被引量:1
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作者 Yang Zhang Sheng-Quan Yan +36 位作者 Ming He Qing-Zhang Zhao Wen-Hui Zhang Chao-Xin Kan Jian-Ming Zhou Kang-Ning Li Xiao-Fei Wang Jian-Cheng Liu Zhao-Hua Peng Zhuo Liang Ai-Ling Li Jian Zheng Qi-Wen Fan Yun-Ju Li You-Bao Wang Zhi-Hong Li Yang-Ping Shen Ding Nan Wei Nan Yu-Qiang Zhang Jia-Ying-Hao Li Jun-Wen Tian Jiang-Lin Hou Chang-Xin Guo Zhi-Cheng Zhang Ming-Hao Zhu Yu-Wen Chen Yu-Chen Jiang Tao Tian Jin-Long Ma Yi-Hui Liu Jing-Yu Dong Run-Long Liu Mei-Yue-Nan Ma Yong-Shou Chen Wei-Ping Liu Bing Guo 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期136-143,共8页
The Moon provides a unique environment for investigating nearby astrophysical events such as supernovae.Lunar samples retain valuable information from these events,via detectable long-lived“fingerprint”radionuclides... The Moon provides a unique environment for investigating nearby astrophysical events such as supernovae.Lunar samples retain valuable information from these events,via detectable long-lived“fingerprint”radionuclides such as^(60)Fe.In this work,we stepped up the development of an accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)method for detecting^(60)Fe using the HI-13tandem accelerator at the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE).Since interferences could not be sufficiently removed solely with the existing magnetic systems of the tandem accelerator and the following Q3D magnetic spectrograph,a Wien filter with a maximum voltage of±60 kV and a maximum magnetic field of 0.3 T was installed after the accelerator magnetic systems to lower the detection background for the low abundance nuclide^(60)Fe.A 1μm thick Si_(3)N_(4) foil was installed in front of the Q3D as an energy degrader.For particle detection,a multi-anode gas ionization chamber was mounted at the center of the focal plane of the spectrograph.Finally,an^(60)Fe sample with an abundance of 1.125×10^(-10)was used to test the new AMS system.These results indicate that^(60)Fe can be clearly distinguished from the isobar^(60)Ni.The sensitivity was assessed to be better than 4.3×10^(-14)based on blank sample measurements lasting 5.8 h,and the sensitivity could,in principle,be expected to be approximately 2.5×10^(-15)when the data were accumulated for 100 h,which is feasible for future lunar sample measurements because the main contaminants were sufficiently separated. 展开更多
关键词 Accelerator mass spectrometry Wien filter Isobar separation SUPERNOVAE Chang'e-5 lunar samples
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Conservation genomic investigation of an endangered conifer,Thuja sutchuenensis,reveals low genetic diversity but also low genetic load 被引量:1
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作者 Tongzhou Tao Richard IMilne +4 位作者 Jialiang Li Heng Yang Shiyang Wang Sihan Chen Kangshan Mao 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期78-90,共13页
Endangered species generally have small populations with low genetic diversity and a high genetic load.Thuja sutchuenensis is an endangered conifer endemic to southwestern China.It was once considered extinct in the w... Endangered species generally have small populations with low genetic diversity and a high genetic load.Thuja sutchuenensis is an endangered conifer endemic to southwestern China.It was once considered extinct in the wild,but in 1999 was rediscovered.However,little is known about its genetic load.We collected 67 individuals from five wild,isolated T.sutchuenensis populations,and used 636,151 SNPs to analyze the level of genetic diversity and genetic load in T.sutchuenensis to delineate the conservation units of T.sutchuenensis,based on whole transcriptome sequencing data,as well as target capture sequencing data.We found that populations of T.sutchuenensis could be divided into three groups.These groups had low levels genetic diversity and were moderately genetically differentiated.Our findings also indicate that T.sutchuenensis suffered two severe bottlenecks around the Last Glaciation Period and Last Glacial Maximum.Among Thuja species,T.sutchuenensis presented the lowest genetic load and hence might have purged deleterious mutations efficiently through purifying selection.However,distribution of fitness effects analysis indicated a high extinction risk for T.sutchuenensis.Multiple lines of evidence identified three management units for T.sutchuenensis.Although T.sutchuenensis possesses a low genetic load,low genetic diversity,suboptimal fitness,and anthropogenic pressures all present an extinction risk for this rare conifer.This might also hold true for many endangered plant species in the mountains all over the world. 展开更多
关键词 Sichuan Arborvitae Genetic load Deleterious mutations Demographic history Conservation genomics
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A Study on the Transmission Dynamics of the Omicron Variant of COVID-19 Using Nonlinear Mathematical Models 被引量:1
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作者 S.Dickson S.Padmasekaran +2 位作者 Pushpendra Kumar Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar Hamidreza Marasi 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第6期2265-2287,共23页
This research examines the transmission dynamics of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 using SEIQIcRVW and SQIRV models,considering the delay in converting susceptible individuals into infected ones.The significant delay... This research examines the transmission dynamics of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 using SEIQIcRVW and SQIRV models,considering the delay in converting susceptible individuals into infected ones.The significant delays eventually resulted in the pandemic’s containment.To ensure the safety of the host population,this concept integrates quarantine and the COVID-19 vaccine.We investigate the stability of the proposed models.The fundamental reproduction number influences stability conditions.According to our findings,asymptomatic cases considerably impact the prevalence of Omicron infection in the community.The real data of the Omicron variant from Chennai,Tamil Nadu,India,is used to validate the outputs. 展开更多
关键词 Omicron local stability reproduction number steady states global stability
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Properties of focused Laguerre–Gaussian beam propagating in anisotropic ocean turbulence 被引量:1
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作者 王新光 马洋斌 +3 位作者 袁邱杰 陈伟 王乐 赵生妹 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期386-393,共8页
We analyze the properties of a focused Laguerre–Gaussian(LG)beam propagating through anisotropic ocean turbulence based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle.Under the Rytov approximation theory,we derive the analytical ... We analyze the properties of a focused Laguerre–Gaussian(LG)beam propagating through anisotropic ocean turbulence based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle.Under the Rytov approximation theory,we derive the analytical formula of the channel capacity of the focused LG beam in the anisotropic ocean turbulence,and analyze the relationship between the capacity and the light source parameters as well as the turbulent ocean parameters.It is found that the focusing mirror can greatly enhance the channel capacity of the system at the geometric focal plane in oceanic turbulence.The results also demonstrate that the communication link can obtain high channel capacity by adopting longer beam wavelength,greater initial beam waist radius,and larger number of transmission channels.Further,the capacity of the system increases with the decrease of the mean squared temperature dissipation rate,temperature-salinity contribution ratio and turbulence outer scale factor,and with the increase of the kinetic energy dissipation rate per unit mass of fluid,turbulence inner scale factor and anisotropy factor.Compared to a Hankel–Bessel beam with diffraction-free characteristics and unfocused LG beam,the focused LG beam shows superior anti-turbulence interference properties,which provide a theoretical reference for research and development of underwater optical communication links using focused LG beams. 展开更多
关键词 vortex beam orbital angular momentum focusing mirror anisotropic turbulence
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A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea
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作者 Apoorva BAMAL Sogol MORADIAN +1 位作者 Ali TORABI-HAGHIGHI Agnieszka INDIANA-OLBERT 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第10期1143-1159,共17页
Science and policy have been interlinked for decades and perform essential nexus conditions in the governing aspects of environmental scenarios.This review paper examines the present challenges in the science–policy ... Science and policy have been interlinked for decades and perform essential nexus conditions in the governing aspects of environmental scenarios.This review paper examines the present challenges in the science–policy interface in terms of water governance in the Caspian Sea and identifies effective conditions that may be used in the current context to enhance the mechanism.The evaluation of the science–policy link in the water policy of the Caspian Sea reveals a gap between knowledge producer and governance system,impeding the translation of scientific information into action.Complicated and context-dependent solutions make it challenging to establish effective science–policy processes in the Caspian Sea water governance settings.Establishing a common governing authority,implementing water and resource management regulations,and protecting the natural environment through legal frameworks are crucial steps to address these concerns and ensure sustainable development.Collaboration among coastal states is essential in environmental,economic,and social aspects of regional development.However,the lack of a comprehensive approach,coherent activities,and effective utilization of national and regional power has hindered efforts to halt the environmental degradation of the Caspian Sea.Local governments need to recognize their responsibility to protect and utilize the Caspian Sea for present and future generations,considering both environmental and human security.The interlinkage of the Caspian Sea water governance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)water governance principles offers a framework for policymakers to assess gaps and make necessary amendments to existing mechanisms.Effective science–policy interaction,engagement of diverse stakeholders,institutionalizing agreements,and addressing collective action issues are critical for successful water governance. 展开更多
关键词 resource management Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development water security water governance principle Caspian Sea
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On the thermodynamics of plasticity during quasi-isentropic compression of metallic glass 被引量:1
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作者 Kaiguo Chen Bo Chen +7 位作者 Yinan Cui Yuying Yu Jidong Yu Huayun Geng Dongdong Kang Jianhua Wu Yao Shen Jiayu Dai 《Matter and Radiation at Extremes》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第2期74-89,共16页
Entropy production in quasi-isentropic compression (QIC) is critically important for understanding the properties of materials under extremeconditions. However, the origin and accurate quantification of entropy in thi... Entropy production in quasi-isentropic compression (QIC) is critically important for understanding the properties of materials under extremeconditions. However, the origin and accurate quantification of entropy in this situation remain long-standing challenges. In this work, a framework is established for the quantification of entropy production and partition, and their relation to microstructural change in QIC. Cu50Zr50is taken as a model material, and its compression is simulated by molecular dynamics. On the basis of atomistic simulation-informed physicalproperties and free energy, the thermodynamic path is recovered, and the entropy production and its relation to microstructural change aresuccessfully quantified by the proposed framework. Contrary to intuition, entropy production during QIC of metallic glasses is relativelyinsensitive to the strain rate ˙γ when ˙γ ranges from 7.5 × 10^(8) to 2 × 10^(9)/s, which are values reachable in QIC experiments, with a magnitudeof the order of 10^(−2)kB/atom per GPa. However, when ˙γ is extremely high (>2 × 10^(9)/s), a notable increase in entropy production rate with˙γ is observed. The Taylor–Quinney factor is found to vary with strain but not with strain rate in the simulated regime. It is demonstrated thatentropy production is dominated by the configurational part, compared with the vibrational part. In the rate-insensitive regime, the increase inconfigurational entropy exhibits a linear relation to the Shannon-entropic quantification of microstructural change, and a stretched exponential relation to the Taylor–Quinney factor. The quantification of entropy is expected to provide thermodynamic insights into the fundamentalrelation between microstructure evolution and plastic dissipation. 展开更多
关键词 ENTROPY METALLIC REGIME
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Hierarchically Structured Nb_(2)O_5 Microflowers with Enhanced Capacity and Fast-Charging Capability for Flexible Planar Sodium Ion Micro-Supercapacitors 被引量:1
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作者 Jiaxin Ma Jieqiong Qin +8 位作者 Shuanghao Zheng Yinghua Fu Liping Chi Yaguang Li Cong Dong Bin Li Feifei Xing Haodong Shi Zhong‑Shuai Wu 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期97-109,共13页
Planar Na ion micro-supercapacitors(NIMSCs) that offer both high energy density and power density are deemed to a promising class of miniaturized power sources for wearable and portable microelectron-ics. Nevertheless... Planar Na ion micro-supercapacitors(NIMSCs) that offer both high energy density and power density are deemed to a promising class of miniaturized power sources for wearable and portable microelectron-ics. Nevertheless, the development of NIMSCs are hugely impeded by the low capacity and sluggish Na ion kinetics in the negative electrode.Herein, we demonstrate a novel carbon-coated Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with a hierarchical structure composed of vertically intercrossed and porous nanosheets, boosting Na ion storage performance. The unique structural merits, including uniform carbon coating, ultrathin nanosheets and abun-dant pores, endow the Nb_(2)O_5 microflower with highly reversible Na ion storage capacity of 245 mAh g^(-1) at 0.25 C and excellent rate capability.Benefiting from high capacity and fast charging of Nb_(2)O_5 microflower, the planar NIMSCs consisted of Nb_(2)O_5 negative electrode and activated car-bon positive electrode deliver high areal energy density of 60.7 μWh cm^(-2),considerable voltage window of 3.5 V and extraordinary cyclability. Therefore, this work exploits a structural design strategy towards electrode materials for application in NIMSCs, holding great promise for flexible microelectronics. 展开更多
关键词 Nb_(2)O_5 nanosheets Microflowers Sodium ion micro-supercapacitors FLEXIBILITY Energy storage
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Dissolution mechanism and kinetics ofβ(Mg_(17)Al_(12))phases in AZ91 magnesium alloy
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作者 Sultan Alomairy 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期1581-1592,共12页
In this study,the phase transformations,crystallization kinetics and dissolution mechanism ofβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))in magnesium alloy AZ91 were investigated by optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction,differential scanni... In this study,the phase transformations,crystallization kinetics and dissolution mechanism ofβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))in magnesium alloy AZ91 were investigated by optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry and differential dilatometry.The results indicate that this AZ91 alloy undergoes a phase transformation during aging,a discontinuous precipitation of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))at 150℃at the grain boundaries and another continuous at 350℃within the grains.The activation energy of the dissolution reaction of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))under non-isothermal conditions is 116.781 kJ/mol,while it is 129.7383 kJ/mol under isothermal conditions.The Avrami coefficient,n,relevant for the dissolution kinetics of theβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))is 1.152 and 1.211 in the non-isothermal and isothermal conditions respectively.The numerical coefficients m and Avrami n are 0.993 and 1.152. 展开更多
关键词 AZ91 KINETICS β(Mg_(17)Al_(12)) Activation energy Discontinuous precipitation Continuous precipitation DSC
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Navigating the hydrogen prospect:A comprehensive review of sustainable source-based production technologies,transport solutions,advanced storage mechanisms,and CCUS integration
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作者 Sehar Tasleem Chandra Sekhar Bongu +1 位作者 Mohan Raj Krishnan Edreese Housni Alsharaeh 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期166-215,I0005,共51页
The review is a comprehensive discussion of current research advances,commercial scale developments,challenges,and techno-eco nomics for the entire H_(2) value chain,including production,mainly focusing on sustainable... The review is a comprehensive discussion of current research advances,commercial scale developments,challenges,and techno-eco nomics for the entire H_(2) value chain,including production,mainly focusing on sustainable sources,storage,and transport.The challenges,advantages,and uses of H_(2) energy are included at length.Moreover,apart from the sustainable production approaches,the approaches and current developments for combating the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions from existing H_(2) production facilities are highlighted in terms of ca rbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS).Concisely,the review discusses current material and recent technological adva ncements in developing pilot projects and large-scale establishments for viable and rapidly emerging sou rce-ba sed H_(2) productio n.Moreover,the review also aims to provide an in-depthdiscussion and explore current developments based on the advantages of H_(2) energy in terms of its utilization,based on its high energy density,and its ability to be used as a feedstock and fuel.On the other hand,the challenges of H_(2) are also elabo rated.Next,the role of CCUS in a carbon-neutral economy and value chain for minimization of emissions from existing facilities is thoroughly deliberated,and the recent commercial-scale implementation of CCUS technologies is highlighted.Extending the utilization and recycling of captured CO_(2) emissions along with H_(2) to produce e-fuels in terms of current advances is detailed in this review.Fu rthermore,the most applicable,efficient,a nd develo ping approaches are discussed for physical and chemical H_(2) storage,considering recent la rge-scale implementations of liquid carriers and liquid organic hydrogen carriers as storage options.Lastly,the review elaborates on recent insights into advances in H_(2) transport infrastructure,including compressed and liquid H_(2) delivery via roads,ships,pipelines,and flight cargo.The review gives precise insights into the recent scenario through an elaborated conclusion of each discussion topic separately and a discussion of future perspectives.The current review will help researchers to fully understand the ongoing research advancements and challenges in the H_(2) value chain for formulating new solutions for sustainable H_(2) production,alo ng with focusing on suitable approaches for its storage and tra nsport to make the production and utilization of H_(2) applicable on a large scale. 展开更多
关键词 Source-based hydrogen Hydrogen utilization Carbon capture E-fuels Hydrogen storage Transport infrastructure
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FLOCKING OF A THERMODYNAMIC CUCKER-SMALE MODEL WITH LOCAL VELOCITY INTERACTIONS
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作者 金春银 李双智 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期632-649,共18页
In this paper, we study the flocking behavior of a thermodynamic Cucker–Smale model with local velocity interactions. Using the spectral gap of a connected stochastic matrix, together with an elaborate estimate on pe... In this paper, we study the flocking behavior of a thermodynamic Cucker–Smale model with local velocity interactions. Using the spectral gap of a connected stochastic matrix, together with an elaborate estimate on perturbations of a linearized system, we provide a sufficient framework in terms of initial data and model parameters to guarantee flocking. Moreover, it is shown that the system achieves a consensus at an exponential rate. 展开更多
关键词 FLOCKING local interaction thermodynamical Cucker-Smale model stochastic matrix neighbor graph
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Facies development and sedimentology of the Middle Miocene carbonates of the Raghama Formation, northeastern Saudi Arabia
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作者 Mansour H.Al-Hashim Abdelbaset S.El-Sorogy Meshal Wadani 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期87-96,共10页
Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments... Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments. The present work aimed to document the facies development and sedimentology of the Raghama carbonates exposed along the eastern coastal plain of the Red Sea, northwestern Saudi Arabia. Four stratigraphic sections were measured and sampled(D1–D4) and thin sections and major and trace element analyses were prepared and applied for petrographic and geochemical approaches. The carbonates were subdivided into three successive fore-reef, reef-core, and back-reef depositional facies. Sandy stromatolitic boundstone, microbial laminites, dolomitic ooidal grainstone, bioclastic coralline algal wackestone, sandy bioclastic wackestone, and coral boundstones were the reported microfacies types. Petrographic analysis reveals that the studied carbonates were affected by dissolution, dolomitization, and aggrading recrystallization, which affects both the original micrite matrix and grains or acts as fracture and veinlet filling leading to widespread vuggy and moldic porosity. No evidence of physical compaction, suggesting rapid lithification and recrystallization during early diagenesis and prior to substantial burial and intensive flushing by meteoric waters. Most of the original microstructure of corals were leached and destructed. This is indicated by the higher depletion in Sr and Ca levels and increase in Mg,Na, Fe, and Mn levels, especially in section D1, in comparison with the worldwide carbonates. 展开更多
关键词 Raghama Formation MIOCENE DIAGENESIS Geochemistry Saudi Arabia
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Dynamic modeling of cavitation bubble clusters:Effects of evaporation,condensation,and bubble-bubble interaction
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作者 许龙 姚昕锐 沈阳 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期527-535,共9页
We present a dynamic model of cavitation bubbles in a cluster,in which the effects of evaporation,condensation,and bubble-bubble interactions are taken into consideration.Under different ultrasound conditions,we exami... We present a dynamic model of cavitation bubbles in a cluster,in which the effects of evaporation,condensation,and bubble-bubble interactions are taken into consideration.Under different ultrasound conditions,we examine how the dynamics of cavitation bubbles are affected by several factors,such as the locations of the bubbles,the ambient radius,and the number of bubbles.Herein the variations of bubble radius,energy,temperature,pressure,and the quantity of vapor molecules are analyzed.Our findings reveal that bubble-bubble interactions can restrict the expansion of bubbles,reduce the exchange of energy among vapor molecules,and diminish the maximum internal temperature and pressure when bursting.The ambient radius of bubbles can influence the intensities of their oscillations,with clusters comprised of smaller bubbles creating optimal conditions for generating high-temperature and high-pressure regions.Moreover,an increase in the number of bubbles can further inhibit cavitation activities.The frequency,pressure and waveform of the driving wave can also exert a significant influence on cavitation activities,with rectangular waves enhancing and triangular waves weakening the cavitation of bubbles in the cluster.These results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the dynamics of cavitation bubbles in a bubble cluster,and the factors that affect their behaviors. 展开更多
关键词 bubble dynamics bubble-bubble interaction mass exchange ultrasound waveform
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Optimization performance of quantum endoreversible Otto machines with dual-squeezed reservoirs
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作者 Haoguang Liu 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期198-204,共7页
We consider a quantum endoreversible Otto engine cycle and its inverse operation-Otto refrigeration cycle,employing two-level systems as the working substance and operating in dual-squeezed reservoirs.We demonstrate t... We consider a quantum endoreversible Otto engine cycle and its inverse operation-Otto refrigeration cycle,employing two-level systems as the working substance and operating in dual-squeezed reservoirs.We demonstrate that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum c criterion will degenerate toη-=η_(C)/(2-η_(C))andε-=(√9+8ε_(C)-3)/2 when symmetric squeezing is satisfied,respectively.We also investigated the influences of squeezing degree on the performance optimization of quantum Otto heat engines at the maximum work output and refrigerators at the maximum X criterion.These analytical results show that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum X criterion can be improved,reduced or even inhibited in asymmetric squeezing.Furthermore,we also find that the efficiency of quantum Otto heat engines at maximum work output is lower than that obtained from the Otto heat engines based on a single harmonic oscillator system.However,the coefficient of performance of the corresponding refrigerator is higher. 展开更多
关键词 quantum Otto heat engine quantum Otto refrigerator optimization performance dual-squeezed reservoirs
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Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Undular Tidal Bores in the Qiantang River Based on Field Observations
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作者 ZHANG Shu-yu PAN Cun-hong +3 位作者 ZHANG Shen-yang LI Ruo-hua CHENG Wenlong XIE Dong-feng 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第3期505-518,共14页
Understanding the undular tidal bores in the Qiantang River is essential for effective river management and maintenance.While breaking tidal bores have been studied extensively, reports on undular tidal bores in the Q... Understanding the undular tidal bores in the Qiantang River is essential for effective river management and maintenance.While breaking tidal bores have been studied extensively, reports on undular tidal bores in the Qiantang Riverremain limited. Furthermore, observed data on undular tidal bores fulfilling the requirements of short measurementtime intervals, and spring, medium, and neap tide coverage, and providing detailed data for the global vertical stratificationof flow velocity are quite limited. Based on field observations at Qige in the Qiantang estuary, we analyzedthe characteristics of undular tidal bores. The results showed that the flooding amplitude (a) of the first wave isalways larger than its ebbing amplitude (b). Moreover, the vertical distribution of the maximum flood velocity exhibitesthree shapes, influenced by the tidal range, while that of the maximum ebb velocity exhibites a single shape. Duringthe initial phase of the flood tide in the spring and medium tides, the upper water body experiences multiple oscillatingchanges along the flow direction, corresponding to the alternating process of the crest and trough of the tide levelupon the arrival of the tidal bore. The tidal range is a crucial parameter in tidal bore hydrodynamics. By establishingthe relationship between hydrodynamic parameters and tidal range, other hydrodynamic parameters, such as the tidalbore height, maximum flood depth–averaged velocity, maximum flood stratified velocity at the measurement points,and duration of the flood tide current, can be effectively predicted, thereby providing an important reference for rivermanagement and maintenance. 展开更多
关键词 tidal bores Qiantang Estuary tidal bore height tidal bore velocity propagation speed
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Formation of Natural Melanin/TiO_(2) Nanostructure Hybrids with Enhanced Optical,Thermal and Magnetic Properties as a Soft Material
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作者 Saja Algessair Nawal Madkhali 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期613-620,共8页
The natural Melanin/TiO_(2) was synthesized by the use of ultrasonication under UV radiation.The influence of natural melanin on the structural,optical and thermal properties of TiO_(2) nanoparticles was investigated ... The natural Melanin/TiO_(2) was synthesized by the use of ultrasonication under UV radiation.The influence of natural melanin on the structural,optical and thermal properties of TiO_(2) nanoparticles was investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and UV-Vis spectroscopy.It was observed that incorporating natural melanin on TiO_(2) nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-Mel)occurred at 2.01 eV with a low value of Urbach energy around 100 meV indicating improvement in the crystalline structure.Magnetic measurement at room temperature showed diamagnetic behavior.Furthermore,thermal results showed that TiO_(2)-Mel is stable even at temperatures up to 400℃.According to the results obtained by the thermal stability of melanin with titanium dioxide,it can be a good candidate in many applications such as solar cells and optoelectronics. 展开更多
关键词 natural melanin/TiO_(2) thermal stability OPTOELECTRONIC NANOSTRUCTURE UV radiation
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MULTIPLICITY OF NORMALIZED SOLUTIONS FOR THE FRACTIONAL SCHR?DINGER-POISSON SYSTEM WITH DOUBLY CRITICAL GROWTH
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作者 孟禹希 贺小明 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期997-1019,共23页
In this paper,we are concerned with solutions to the fractional Schrodinger-Poisson system■ with prescribed mass ∫_(R^(3))|u|^(2)dx=a^(2),where a> 0 is a prescribed number,μ> 0 is a paremeter,s ∈(0,1),2 <... In this paper,we are concerned with solutions to the fractional Schrodinger-Poisson system■ with prescribed mass ∫_(R^(3))|u|^(2)dx=a^(2),where a> 0 is a prescribed number,μ> 0 is a paremeter,s ∈(0,1),2 <q <2_(s)^(*),and 2_(s)^(*)=6/(3-2s) is the fractional critical Sobolev exponent.In the L2-subcritical case,we show the existence of multiple normalized solutions by using the genus theory and the truncation technique;in the L^(2)-supercritical case,we obtain a couple of normalized solutions by developing a fiber map.Under both cases,to recover the loss of compactness of the energy functional caused by the doubly critical growth,we need to adopt the concentration-compactness principle.Our results complement and improve upon some existing studies on the fractional Schrodinger-Poisson system with a nonlocal critical term. 展开更多
关键词 fractional Schrodinger-Poisson system normalized solutions variational methods L^(2)-subcritical L^(2)-supercritical
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Multifunctional interfacial molecular bridge enabled by an aggregation-induced emission strategy for enhancing efficiency and UV stability of perovskite solar cells
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作者 Shuhang Bian Yuqi Wang +13 位作者 Fancong Zeng Zhongqi Liu Bin Liu Yanjie Wu Long Shao Yongzhi Shao Huan Zhang Shuainan Liu Jin Liang Xue Bai Lin Xu Donglei Zhou Biao Dong Hongwei Song 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期588-595,I0013,共9页
The interface defects between the electron transport layer(ETL)and the perovskite layer,as well as the low ultraviolet(UV)light utilization rate of the perovskite absorption layer,pose significant challenges for the c... The interface defects between the electron transport layer(ETL)and the perovskite layer,as well as the low ultraviolet(UV)light utilization rate of the perovskite absorption layer,pose significant challenges for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).To address this issue,this paper proposes an innovative multifunctional interface modulation strategy by introducing aggregation-induced emission(AIE)molecule 5-[4-[1,2,2-tri[4-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)phenyl]ethylene]phenyl]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid(H_(8)ETTB)at the SnO_(2)ETL/perovskite interface.Firstly,the interaction of H_(8)ETTB with the SnO_(2)surface,facilitated by its carboxyl groups,is effective in passivating surface defects caused by noncoord inated Sn and O vacancies.This interaction enhances the conductivity of the SnO_(2)film and adjusts energy levels,leading to enhanced charge carrier transport.Simultaneously,H_(8)ETTB can passivate noncoord inated Pb^(2+)ions at the perovskite interface,promoting perovskite crystallization and reducing the interface energy barrier,resulting in a perovskite film with low defects and high crystalline quality.More importantly,the H_(8)ETTB molecule,can convert UV light into light absorbable by the perovskite,thereby reducing damage caused by UV light and improving the device's utilization of UV.Consequently,the champion PSC based on SnO_(2)-H_(8)ETTB achieves an impressing efficiency of 23.32%and significantly improved photostability compared with the control device after continuous exposure to intense UV radiation.In addition,the Cs_(0.05)(FA_(0.95)MA_(0.05))_(0.95)Pb(I_(0.95)Br_(0.05))_(3)based device can achieve maximum efficiency of 24.01%,demonstrating the effectiveness and universality of this strategy.Overall,this innovative interface bridging strategy effectively tackles interface defects and low UV light utilization in PSCs,presenting a promising approach for achieving highly efficient and stable PSCs. 展开更多
关键词 Perovskite solar cells Aggregation-induced emission Defect passivation EFFICIENCY UV stability
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Origin of tradeoff between movement velocity and attachment duration of kinesin motor on a microtubule
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作者 刘玉颖 张志强 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期557-566,共10页
Kinesin-1 motor protein is a homodimer containing two identical motor domains connected by a common long coiledcoil stalk via two flexible neck linkers. The motor can step on a microtubule with a velocity of about 1 ... Kinesin-1 motor protein is a homodimer containing two identical motor domains connected by a common long coiledcoil stalk via two flexible neck linkers. The motor can step on a microtubule with a velocity of about 1 μm·s-1and an attachment duration of about 1 s under physiological conditions. The available experimental data indicate a tradeoff between velocity and attachment duration under various experimental conditions, such as variation of the solution temperature,variation of the strain between the two motor domains, and so on. However, the underlying mechanism of the tradeoff is unknown. Here, the mechanism is explained by a theoretical study of the dynamics of the motor under various experimental conditions, reproducing quantitatively the available experimental data and providing additional predictions. How the various experimental conditions lead to different decreasing rates of attachment duration versus velocity is also explained. 展开更多
关键词 motor protein VELOCITY detachment time PROCESSIVITY
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