Clinical manifestations,diagnosis and long-term prognosis of adult autoimmune enteropathy:Experience from Peking Union Medical College Hospital

BACKGROUND Autoimmune enteropathy(AIE)is a rare disease whose diagnosis and long-term prognosis remain challenging,especially for adult AIE patients.AIM To improve overall understanding of this disease’s diagnosis and prognosis.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical,endoscopic and histopathological characteristics and prognoses of 16 adult AIE patients in our tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2023,whose diagnosis was based on the 2007 diagnostic criteria.RESULTS Diarrhea in AIE patients was characterized by secretory diarrhea.The common endoscopic manifestations were edema,villous blunting and mucosal hyperemia in the duodenum and ileum.Villous blunting(100%),deep crypt lymphocytic infiltration(67%),apoptotic bodies(50%),and mild intraepithelial lymphocytosis(69%)were observed in the duodenal biopsies.Moreover,there were other remarkable abnormalities,including reduced or absent goblet cells(duodenum 94%,ileum 62%),reduced or absent Paneth cells(duodenum 94%,ileum 69%)and neutrophil infiltration(duodenum 100%,ileum 69%).Our patients also fulfilled the 2018 diagnostic criteria but did not match the 2022 diagnostic criteria due to undetectable anti-enterocyte antibodies.All patients received glucocorticoid therapy as the initial medication,of which 14/16 patients achieved a clinical response in 5(IQR:3-20)days.Immunosuppressants were administered to 9 patients with indications of steroid dependence(6/9),steroid refractory status(2/9),or intensified maintenance medication(1/9).During the median of 20.5 months of followup,2 patients died from multiple organ failure,and 1 was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.The cumulative relapse-free survival rates were 62.5%,55.6%and 37.0%at 6 months,12 months and 48 months,respectively.CONCLUSION Certain histopathological findings,including a decrease or disappearance of goblet and Paneth cells in intestinal biopsies,might be potential diagnostic criteria for adult AIE.The long-term prognosis is still unsatisfactory despite corticosteroid and immunosuppressant medications,which highlights the need for early diagnosis and novel medications.

Optimizing Deep Learning for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Lung Diseases: An Automated Method Combining Evolutionary Algorithm, Transfer Learning, and Model Compression

Recent developments in Computer Vision have presented novel opportunities to tackle complex healthcare issues,particularly in the field of lung disease diagnosis.One promising avenue involves the use of chest X-Rays,which are commonly utilized in radiology.To fully exploit their potential,researchers have suggested utilizing deep learning methods to construct computer-aided diagnostic systems.However,constructing and compressing these systems presents a significant challenge,as it relies heavily on the expertise of data scientists.To tackle this issue,we propose an automated approach that utilizes an evolutionary algorithm(EA)to optimize the design and compression of a convolutional neural network(CNN)for X-Ray image classification.Our approach accurately classifies radiography images and detects potential chest abnormalities and infections,including COVID-19.Furthermore,our approach incorporates transfer learning,where a pre-trainedCNNmodel on a vast dataset of chest X-Ray images is fine-tuned for the specific task of detecting COVID-19.This method can help reduce the amount of labeled data required for the task and enhance the overall performance of the model.We have validated our method via a series of experiments against state-of-the-art architectures.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Computerized Bowel Sound Analysis with Non-Invasive Devices for Irritable Bowel Syndrome:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and IEEE Xplore databases until September 2023.Cross-sectional and case-control studies on diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for IBS were identified.We estimated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval(CI),and plotted a summary receiver operat-ing characteristic curve and evaluated the area under the curve.Results Four studies were included.The pooled diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,nega-tive likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.94(95%CI,0.87‒0.97),0.89(95%CI,0.81‒0.94),8.43(95%CI,4.81‒14.78),0.07(95%CI,0.03‒0.15),and 118.86(95%CI,44.18‒319.75),respectively,with an area under the curve of 0.97(95%CI,0.95‒0.98).Conclusions Computerized bowel sound analysis is a promising tool for IBS.However,limited high-quality data make the results'validity and applicability questionable.There is a need for more diagnostic test accuracy studies and better wearable devices for monitoring and analysis of IBS.

Early Detection of Colletotrichum Kahawae Disease in Coffee Cherry Based on Computer Vision Techniques

Colletotrichum kahawae(Coffee Berry Disease)spreads through spores that can be carried by wind,rain,and insects affecting coffee plantations,and causes 80%yield losses and poor-quality coffee beans.The deadly disease is hard to control because wind,rain,and insects carry spores.Colombian researchers utilized a deep learning system to identify CBD in coffee cherries at three growth stages and classify photographs of infected and uninfected cherries with 93%accuracy using a random forest method.If the dataset is too small and noisy,the algorithm may not learn data patterns and generate accurate predictions.To overcome the existing challenge,early detection of Colletotrichum Kahawae disease in coffee cherries requires automated processes,prompt recognition,and accurate classifications.The proposed methodology selects CBD image datasets through four different stages for training and testing.XGBoost to train a model on datasets of coffee berries,with each image labeled as healthy or diseased.Once themodel is trained,SHAP algorithmto figure out which features were essential formaking predictions with the proposed model.Some of these characteristics were the cherry’s colour,whether it had spots or other damage,and how big the Lesions were.Virtual inception is important for classification to virtualize the relationship between the colour of the berry is correlated with the presence of disease.To evaluate themodel’s performance andmitigate excess fitting,a 10-fold cross-validation approach is employed.This involves partitioning the dataset into ten subsets,training the model on each subset,and evaluating its performance.In comparison to other contemporary methodologies,the model put forth achieved an accuracy of 98.56%.

A Brief Overview of the Development and Significance of Modern Scientific Medicine in China:Take Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College as an Example

Since the early 20th century,China has gradually established a clinical,educational,and research system centered around modern scientific medicine,which has now become the dominant force in China's medical and health system and services,with the construction and development of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College as the most prominent symbol.The scientific medicine in the new era requires close cooperation across multiple disciplines and fields to build a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system.It also involves combining the excellent traditional Chinese culture with Western medicine to explore a unique path of modern scientific medicine with Chinese characteristics.

Exploration and Practice of Ideological and Political Teaching Construction for Biochemistry Course in Agricultural Colleges and Universities

Biochemistry is a fundamental core course in disciplines such as agriculture,forestry,medicine,animal husbandry,veterinary medicine,and food science.By prioritizing"educating people"in the teaching process of this professional course,we can unearth diverse ideological and political elements related to agricultural production practices within the curriculum knowledge system and the forefront of discipline development.Exploring various teaching methods and utilizing diverse teaching tools are effective strategies to achieve ideological and political education that silently influences students in the field of biochemistry.The goal is to nurture students strong ideals and beliefs,fostering a deep connection to the sentiments of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers in a great nation."This approach aims to instill a sense of responsibility towards strengthening agriculture,shaping students into individuals from South China Agricultural University who possess lofty aspirations and the courage to shoulder responsibility in the new era.

Investigation on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Oral Health among Medical College and University Undergraduate

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of oral health among medical undergraduate students, and provide reference for implementing oral health interventions. Methods: A total of 528 undergraduate students enrolled in Fuzhou Medical College from February 2023 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Their oral health KAP were investigated, and the oral health behavior habits of different types of medical students were compared, and possible influencing factors were analyzed. Results: The total awareness rate of oral health knowledge among medical students is 77.0%, with an average score of 3.85 ± 1.16 points. The overall positive rate of oral health attitudes among medical students is 80.0%, with an average score of 3.19 ± 0.72 points. The total qualified rate of oral health behavior is 65.9%, with an average score of 4.61 ± 1.23 points. The scores of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among medical students are related to gender, major, smoking status, and oral health status. The frequency of brushing teeth in the female group was higher than that in the male group, while the habit of brushing teeth before bedtime and the frequency of timely replacement of toothbrushes when deformed were lower, with statistical significance (p 0.05). The frequency of timely replacement of toothbrushes varies among medical students from different majors, and the difference is statistically significant (p 0.05). People who have a habit of eating hot and cold food have a higher frequency of brushing their teeth every day, and the difference is statistically significant (p 0.05). Non smokers have a better habit of brushing their teeth before bedtime and a higher frequency of timely replacement when their toothbrush deforms, with a statistically significant difference (p 0.05). The frequency of using fluoride toothpaste or medicated toothpaste, having a habit of unilateral chewing, and timely replacement of toothbrushes when deformed in patients with existing oral problems is higher than that of those without oral problems, and the difference is statistically significant (p 0.05). Conclusion: The knowledge, attitude, and behavior of oral health among medical students in this school are above average. Students with different genders, dietary and smoking habits, and oral health status have different oral health behavioral habits. It is recommended to include oral health education in mandatory courses for various medical majors.

Impact of Outdoor Activities in Different Landscape Environments on the Physical and Mental Health of College Students

To investigate whether outdoor activities have an improvement effect on the emotions of young people and the differences in the impact of outdoor activities on the emotions of young people under different landscape environmental conditions,the participating students are asked to engage in outdoor activities in different landscape environments and divided into four groups.Each group is assigned to engage in outdoor activities in four types of landscape areas:open lawn area,low shrub area,dense forest area,and waterfront area.The activities include outdoor yoga and making leaf mandalas.The results show that outdoor yoga has the best effect on reducing pulse and blood pressure and regulating emotions in open lawn area and waterfront area,followed by leaf mantras in waterfront area and outdoor yoga in dense forest area.However,both activities have no significant effect in low shrub area.

Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching and Practice of Study Tour Course Design in Higher Vocational Colleges: A Case Study of Qingdao Preschool Education College

Curriculum ideology and politics are critical for colleges and universities to fulfill theirfundamental mission of fostering moral and intellectual development. Within this framework, professionalcourses serve as the primary vehicles for integrating ideological and political education. Specifically, inthe field of study tours, the Study Tour Course Design emerges as a pivotal component for actualizingthe educational objectives of such programs. To construct a robust ideological and political curriculum,it is essential to devise a comprehensive system that aligns with professional teaching standards, industrybenchmarks, and vocational skill requirements. This involves a thorough exploration of ideologicaland political elements within the curriculum, ensuring their seamless integration throughout the coursedevelopment process.

Biodiversity Assessment of Avifauna in the Forest Reservation of Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Philippines

The research study was conducted to assess and quantify the current status of avifauna biodiversity assets of Aurora State College of Technology’s Forest Reservation in Baler, Aurora, Philippines. Assessment of avifaunal diversity was undertaken by traversing the four established circular plots having a radius of 125 meters or 250 meters diameters each as permanent monitoring stations. Study revealed a total number of 151 Individual species, classified into 23 genera and 21 families. Eighteen of these species are endemic while the remaining five were fully migrated birds. All birds observed were classified as Least Concern (LC) species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species and the updated list of the Birds of the World online. Its abundance, richness and diversity index were calculated using Shannon Diversity Index (H') while Pielou’s evenness (J') for distribution of species. Forest reservation of ASCOT has more even (0.756 J') and moderate diversity (2.812 H') observation on avifauna in general. However, this avian population evaluation was threatened into a verge of extinction due to natural and anthropological threats that causes forest deforestation. Such deforestation of habitat causes dwindling of wildlife territory leading to the scarcity of bird’s population. Thus, the assessment was conducted to aid ASCOT administration find significant plans to ensure sustainable conservation and protection of the remaining avifauna species in the reservation area.

The Relationship between Self-Esteem and Social Phobia among College Students:The Mediating Effect of Fear of Negative Evaluation and the Moderating Effect of Perfectionism

Objectives:To explore the relationship between college students’self-esteem(SE)and their social phobia(SP),as well as the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation(FNE)and the moderating effect of perfectionism.Methods:A convenience sampling survey was carried out for 1020 college students from Shandong Province of China,utilizing measures of college students’self-esteem,fear of negative evaluation,perfectionism,and social phobia.Data analysis was performed using the SPSS PROCESS macro.Results:(1)college students’self-esteem significantly and negatively predicts their social phobia(β=−0.31,t=−10.10,p<0.001);(2)fear of negative evaluation partially mediates the relation between self-esteem and social phobia among college students,with the mediating effect accounting for 48.97%of the total effect(TE);(3)the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation is moderated by perfectionism(β=0.18,t=7.75,p<0.001),where higher levels of perfectionism strengthen the mediating effect of fear of negative evaluation.Conclusions:Perfectionism moderates the mediating effect that fear of negative evaluation plays,establishing a moderated mediating model.

Exploring Critical Thinking Dispositions among Fourth Year BSc Nursing Students of Various Colleges of Nursing, Pakistan

Background: Critical Thinking (CT) dispositions in nursing are prominent predictors of competence in delivering high-quality care, and of professionalism, in newly graduated nurses. CT skills, in isolation of CT dispositions, do not guarantee success in the workplace, because Critical Thinking Dispositions (CTD) are important elements of intellectual reasoning that simulate a person towards using the CT skills. Therefore, nursing educational programs should promote lifelong learning rather than focusing on transferring the content of nursing knowledge only. And for this purpose, quality education is the key. Education should focus on teaching from diverse perspectives, incorporating various teaching learning strategies that are congruent with the modern era. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore critical thinking dispositions among final year Baccalaureate Nursing students of various military colleges of nursing, in Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative exploratory study design was used to investigate the CTD of BSc final year nursing students. The study population included twelve willing nursing students, from six military colleges across the country. Demographic information and consent was taken from the participants of the study. In-depth interviews, through a semi structured interview guide, and probes were used to obtain data related to personal experiences of CTD amongst the nursing students. Results: Data analysis showed two broad themes: 1) Perceptions of CT, and 2) Experiences of CT dispositions. In theme one, the emerging category was: Clarity of CT;whereas in theme two, the categories that emerged were: a) Truth Seeking, b) Open Mindedness, c) Inquisitiveness, and d) Self Organization. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed positive dispositions towards truth seeking, open mindedness, and self-organization, whereas disposition towards inquisitiveness was weak. Self-confidence and maturity also emerged as positive factors that the students possessed. This study recommends that faculty and learners should extend their concept of CTD, and emphasizes its application in daily routine. Additionally, faculty should modify their instructional strategies and focus on the cultivation of dispositions of inquisitiveness, curiosity, and allow questioning by students in the class.

Multidetector computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of double superior mesenteric veins:A case report

BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe the findings of double superior mesenteric veins(SMVs),a rare anatomical variation,on multidetector computer tomography(MDCT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)images.CASE SUMMARY We describe the case of a 34-year-old male,who underwent both MDC and MRI examinations of the upper abdomen because of liver cirrhosis.MDCT and MRI angiography images of the upper abdomen revealed an anatomic variation of the superior mesenteric vein(SMV),the double SMVs.CONCLUSION The double SMVs are a congenital abnormality without potential clinical manifestation.Physicians need to be aware of this anatomical variation during abdominal surgery to avoid iatrogenic injury.

Linking Perceived Risk of Public Health Emergency to Psychological Distress among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediation Role of Balanced Time Perspective and Negative Coping Styles

Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.

The Construction of a Learning-Oriented Speaking Assessment Model in College English Based on the Online Diagnostic Assessment

Since language is a tool for communication,proficiency in English communication is a fundamental necessity for talent in the 21st century.However,surveys reveal that most college students at private colleges possess inadequate oral English skills,and what some have learned is“mute English.”Therefore,developing their English-speaking skills is another challenge faced by students attending private schools.Online diagnostic assessment methods are growing globally with the use of technology.UDig diagnostic assessment system is one of the online English diagnostic assessment platforms currently being widely used in China.Therefore,the present work is conducted to investigate and conduct an oral English learning-oriented assessment model in college English using the online diagnostic assessment.With the research result,it is hoped that the study could provide useful information for improving UDig system and make a better use of it in college oral English learning and teaching.

Innovation and Practice of the Cultivation Mode of Application-Oriented Undergraduate Talents in Agricultural and Forestry Colleges under the Guidance of the Spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness

Heilongjiang reclamation area has made great progress since its development and construction, among which the agricultural and forestry colleges in China have played a key role in the input of talents for the production of reclamation area, and the spirit of the Great Wilderness has important strategic significance for the cultivation of agricultural and forestry talents. Taking Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, this paper analyzes the ways of the Great Northern Wilderness Spirit for cultivating application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges, improving the curriculum system of undergraduate talents through innovation, strengthening the cultivation of students’ innovative ability, leading students’ scientific research and academic level, and enhancing students’ practical ability. To innovate the cultivation mode of application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges under the guidance of the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness, and to provide a reference mode for the cultivation of undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges in China.

Research on Risk Prevention and Resolution Strategies of College Network Ideology in the Context of the Internet

With the rapid development of the Internet,the network ideology of colleges and universities is facing severe challenges.This paper deeply analyzes the root of the risk of network ideology and makes a specific investigation of the status quo of network public opinion in colleges and universities.On this basis,the study explores and puts forward a series of targeted risk prevention and resolution strategies,aiming at providing a systematic solution for the network ideology security of colleges and universities.In this paper,with the combination of theory and practice as the path,we verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed strategy through the analysis of the implementation effect of the strategy.This study also provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the prevention and control of ideological risks and public opinion guidance in universities under the network environment,which has important practical significance.With the continuous progress of network technology,the threats to the network ideology of colleges and universities are increasing.For example,the spread of false information has become a serious problem affecting the security of college network ideology.

Exploring the Significance and Implementation Strategies of Mental Health Education for College Students

College students are influenced by diverse cultures in the new era,thus their inner world is rich and changing rapidly.The acceleration of social rhythm can easily lead to different kinds of psychological problems.Mental health education is people-oriented,using scientific methods and means to train high-quality talents with all-round development across the world.A healthy psychological state can promote the sound development of students,make them establish correct core social values,and realize self-value.At present,there are some problems in university mental health education,such as single form and imperfect system.At the same time,college education plays an important role in the formation of ideas for college students’ideological values.As a front-line student worker,college counselors should cooperate with the school’s psychological departments to improve the college psychological education system,rationally plan the psychological teaching program,and pay attention to the college students’mental health education.The government should also take into account the need to ensure that the education system is not undermined by the lack of a comprehensive and effective education system.

Discussion on the Status Quo of Vocational College Students’Self-Image and its Improvement Strategies

An individual’s self-image is a multi-dimensional and multi-structural concept.Its internal dimensions include ability,knowledge,values,personality,and temperament,and its external dimensions are physical appearance,behavior,and clothing.A good image will have a positive impact both in life and at work.We will choose appropriate clothing and makeup to modify the external image and cultivate positive qualities such as correct values and an optimistic attitude towards life to enhance internal dimensions.Among them,“personality”and“ability”mostly belong to the research category of mental health education,and“values”fit in the research field of ideological and political education.Ideological and political education and mental health education are both important components of higher education,which show similarities between them.Ideological and political education and mental health education can complement each other in many ways to enhance students’self-image.

Psychological Study on the Influence of Physical Exercise on College Students’ Anxiety

This study aims to explore the impact of physical exercise on the anxiety level of college students.We collected physical exercise data and anxiety self-assessment results from college students of different grades,genders,and ages from multiple universities in Guangdong Province through a questionnaire survey.The study used standardized scales to evaluate participants’physical exercise types,frequencies,intensities,and anxiety levels.The data analysis results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between college students’physical exercise and anxiety level,that is,the more frequent and intense the physical exercise,the lower the anxiety level.In addition,there are differences in the effect of different types of physical exercises on anxiety relief,with aerobic exercises such as running and swimming showing more significant anxiety-relieving effects.The research results provide valuable references for psychological health education and anxiety intervention strategies in universities and suggest promoting physical exercise to effectively alleviate college students’anxiety.