MOALG: A Metaheuristic Hybrid of Multi-Objective Ant Lion Optimizer and Genetic Algorithm for Solving Design Problems

This study proposes a hybridization of two efficient algorithm’s Multi-objective Ant Lion Optimizer Algorithm(MOALO)which is a multi-objective enhanced version of the Ant Lion Optimizer Algorithm(ALO)and the Genetic Algorithm(GA).MOALO version has been employed to address those problems containing many objectives and an archive has been employed for retaining the non-dominated solutions.The uniqueness of the hybrid is that the operators like mutation and crossover of GA are employed in the archive to update the solutions and later those solutions go through the process of MOALO.A first-time hybrid of these algorithms is employed to solve multi-objective problems.The hybrid algorithm overcomes the limitation of ALO of getting caught in the local optimum and the requirement of more computational effort to converge GA.To evaluate the hybridized algorithm’s performance,a set of constrained,unconstrained test problems and engineering design problems were employed and compared with five well-known computational algorithms-MOALO,Multi-objective Crystal Structure Algorithm(MOCryStAl),Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO),Multi-objective Multiverse Optimization Algorithm(MOMVO),Multi-objective Salp Swarm Algorithm(MSSA).The outcomes of five performance metrics are statistically analyzed and the most efficient Pareto fronts comparison has been obtained.The proposed hybrid surpasses MOALO based on the results of hypervolume(HV),Spread,and Spacing.So primary objective of developing this hybrid approach has been achieved successfully.The proposed approach demonstrates superior performance on the test functions,showcasing robust convergence and comprehensive coverage that surpasses other existing algorithms.

Genetic variation in relation to adaptability of three mangrove species from the Indian Sundarbans assessed with RAPD and ISSR markers

Rich genetic polymorphism is important for plants to adapt to changes because it enables the plant to make anatomical,physiological and biochemical changes in response to abiotic stress.Geomorphologic characteristics,demographic interference and a cumulative decrease in freshwater influx in the Indian Sundarbans region have proved detrimental to some economically important plants.In this study,genetic polymorphism of three mangrove species,Xylocarpus granatum,Excoecaria agallocha,and Phoenix paludosa,was assessed using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers.X.granatum,already in distress in the Sundarbans,had the least genetic polymorphism,14.56%in the RAPD analysis and 12.92% in the ISSR.Relatively higher genetic polymorphism was recorded for the profusely growing E.agallocha and P.paludosa: 24.66 and26.4% in RAPD; 24.87 and 20.32% in ISSR analysis respectively.A UPGMA dendrogram constructed using the similarity matrix from RAPD,ISSR and combined datashowed that for X.granatum,the least and highest salinity zones clustered together,whereas for E.agallocha and P.paludosa,higher and lower salinity areas clustered in different clades.Nei’s genetic diversity,calculated from RAPD and ISSR data,was also in accordance with 0.0637 and 0.0583 for X.granatum,respectively,much lower than0.0794 and 0.0818 for E.agallocha and 0.0799 and 0.0688 for P.paludosa.This opposing degree of polymorphism might be attributed to the profusely growing E.agallocha and P.paludosa and precarious status of X.granatum throughout the Indian Sundarbans.

GIS-Based Public Services Analysis Based on Municipal Election Areas: A Methodological Approach for the City of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

The spatial fairness of public services is a major aspect in offering a healthy and cheerful living environment in a city. The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has been applied to investigate the spatial distribution of some selected public services over the municipal election areas within Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. These services include education, health, security, religious, commercial, and sports services. The attained results show that except for religious services, other public services are not quantitatively proportional with the population variations in Makkah. It has been found that the third election area posses almost one third of five public services and two thirds of the sport services. That might be attributed to the fact that the third election area possesses almost a quarter of the city population. But, although the first election area has a closer percentage of the total population, it does not include a comparable percentage of public services. On a spatial basis, results of GIS spatial analysis (particularly the Euclidian distance, the mean distance band to a neighbor, the standard distance, the directional distribution ellipse, and the average nearest neighbor ratio tools) have concluded that there is inequity in the services distribution over municipal election areas in Makkah city. Consequently, it is recommended that local planners and decision makers should take the obtained results into consideration to achieve fair and better distribution of public services in the city.

Comment on pediatric living donor liver transplantation decade progress in Shanghai: Characteristics and risks factors of mortality

Since the first successful liver transplantation was performed five decades ago,pediatric liver transplantation has become the gold standard treatment choice for pediatric liver disease,including metabolic diseases,liver tumors,and some acute liver failure.With improvements in immunosuppression,surgical techniques,and postoperative medical care,long-term outcomes of patients after liver transplantation have markedly improved,especially in pediatric patients.

Characteristics and outcomes of chronic liver disease patients with acute deteriorated liver function by severity of underlying liver disease

AIM: To analyze characteristics and outcome of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) according to the severity of underlying liver disease. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven adult patients with chronic liver disease and acute deteriorated liver function, defined by jaundice and coagulopathy, were analyzed. Predisposition, type of injury, response, organ failure, and survival were analyzed and compared between patients with non-cirrhosis(type A), cirrhosis(type B) and cirrhosis with previous decompensation(type C).RESULTS: The predisposition was mostly hepatitis B in type A, while it was alcoholic liver disease in typesB and C. Injury was mostly hepatic in type A, but was non-hepatic in type C. Liver failure, defined by CLIF-SOFA, was more frequent in types A and B, and circulatory failure was more frequent in type C. The 30-d overall survival rate(85.3%, 81.1% and 83.7% for types A, B and C, respectively, P = 0.31) and the 30-d transplant-free survival rate(55.9%, 65.5% and 62.5% for types A, B and C, respectively P = 0.33) were not different by ACLF subtype, but 1-year overall survival rate were different(85.3%, 71.7% and 58.7% for types A, B and C, respectively, P = 0.02).CONCLUSION: There were clear differences in predisposition, type of injury, accompanying organ failure and long-term mortality according to spectrum of chronic liver disease, implying classifying subtype according to the severity of underlying liver disease is useful for defining, clarifying and comparing ACLF.

Quantitative regulation of peripheral leukocyte by light exercise and tailored scale for assessment

Two primary defense systems develop in vertebrates, innate and adaptive. However, every individual exposes to the risk of immunodeficiency in daily life with both internal and external stimuli. In this report, we tried to report two different stimuli for regulating the immune system modulate and discussed how we can compare and select each menu by evidence-based manner more than VAS. In a series of investigation, we have assessed the various leukocyte regulating menus such as hot spring hydrotherapy, acupuncture & moxibution, light walking, independent of the western medicine. In this report, we try to compare the regulatory effect of light exercise under the influence of hypothalamus system. Their effects of elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, its subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio. The regulative effects were confirmed also by other menu such as hydrotherapy, acupuncture, walking etc. However, by simply comparing the group before with the group after CAM, we cannot catch the real regulatory effect by each menu. So we tried to show the effect by trying to indicate the constitution/condition dependent manner. The effect was not uniform to each individual but it was dependent on each condition/constitution before the start of the exercise. This was one of the main purposes of this report for summarizing that it is important to regulate the number and levels of each factor as ideal value. In other words, the regulation of each factor affected under the hypothalamus system is regulated with each constitution, under the influence of daily circumstances. The mode of regulation was the same in each menu, indicating the higher level was down regular and lower level was up regular. Moreover, each vector of change was reversely correlated to the value of the day before. The other purpose of this study was designed to establish the regulatory effect of this light exercise which is not limited in the number of leukocyte in peripheral. Light exercise for a short duration was expected to influence the immune system in the blood quantitatively. Preparing two modes of impact for walking, 4 mets by walking exhibited more effective than that of 8 mets. We tried to discuss the suitable scale to know the best intensity to regulate whole body system other than VAS judgment.

Quantitative &Qualitative Regulation of Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets plus Emotional Hormones by Floor Heating

A floor heating system is a traditionary famous in Asian countries, especially in North East of China and Korea. In this report, we intended to clarify the effect of floor hating system for accessing a peripheral leukocyte regulation in winter season by evidence-based manner more than VAS. We set up two different office rooms heat-controlled by floor heating and air-conditioned by ceiling electric heater. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches determine which are better therapeutic effective recipes for this trial. The elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte subsets. For 5 days of working in each conditioned room, the volunteers were changed the room after one-week interval for cooling down. Floor heating system regulated total number of peripheral leukocyte. The mode of the action for the high number of the volunteer was down-regulated. On the contrary, in lower numbers it was up-regulated after the trial. The number of leukocyte subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte were also regulated by dose dependent manner. Emotional hormone, adrenalin, cortisone and nor-adrenaline were down regulated by floor heating but dopamine was up-regulated by this heating system. The reversal results were obtained by the group who worked in the conditioned room by the system heating from ceiling.

COVID-19 pandemic:Its impact on liver disease and liver transplantation

Severe pulmonary disease caused by the novel coronavirus[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)],has devastated many countries around the world.It has overwhelmed the medical system.The priorities of many institutions have changed to manage critically ill corona virus infectious disease-2019(COVID-19)patients,which affected the working style of many departments.Hepatologists and transplant surgeons look after a very sensitive patient group.Patients with liver disease need special attention and continuous follow-up.Similarly,transplant candidates also need special care.Healthcare professionals in the field of hepatology face the overwhelming task of taking care of COVID-19 patients with hepatic complications,liver disease or transplant patients who are SARS-CoV-2 positive,and the patients on routine surveillance who do not have COVID-19.This review will evaluate COVID-19 from the perspective of its effect on the liver and its possible effects on patients with liver disease.Furthermore,the level of care for liver transplant recipients during the pandemic will be discussed.

Analysis of frequency shifting in seismic signals using Gabor-Wigner transform

A hybrid time-frequency method known as Gabor-Wigner transform (GWT) is introduced in this paper for examining the time-frequency patterns of earthquake damaged buildings. GWT is developed by combining the Gabor transform (GT) and Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD). GT and WVD have been used separately on synthetic and recorded earthquake data to identify frequency shifting due to earthquake damages, but GT is prone to windowing effect and WVD involves ambiguity function. Hence to obtain better clarity and to remove the cross terms (frequency interference), GT and WVD are judiciously combined and the resultant GWT used to identify frequency shifting. Synthetic seismic response of an instrumented building and real-time earthquake data recorded on the building were investigated using GWT. It is found that GWT offers good accuracy for even slow variations in frequency, good time-frequency resolution, and localized response. Presented results confirm the efficacy of GWT when compared with GT and WVD used separately. Simulation results were quantified by the Renyi entropy measures and GWT shown to be an adequate technique in identifying localized response for structural damage detection.

Comparative Efficacy of Weed Control Practices for Parthenium Weed and Sunflower Crop under Varying Tillage Systems

Parthenium poses serious threat to modern crop production system and necessitate evaluating control practices for its effective management.Efficacy of different weed control practices for controlling parthenium was explored in conventional and deep tillage systems in the field conditions.Hand hoeing(20 and 35 days after emergence),S-Metolachlor(pre-emergence herbicide),sorghum straw mulch@5 tons ha-1 and combination of hand hoeing and sorghum straw mulch(hand hoeing at 20 and straw mulch at 35 days after emergence)were used as weed control practice.Weedy check where no weed control measure was applied was also included in this experiment for comparison.Results concluded that the all weed management treatments significantly reduced parthenium density,its fresh and dry biomass during both the years of study as compared to weedy check.Maximum sunflower achene yield was recorded in hand hoeing(20 and 35 days after emergence)in combination with deep tillage.So,mold bold plough used for the purpose of deep tillage should be encouraged for better control of parthenium and higher achene yield of sunflower crop(3293.3 kg ha^(-1) in 2017 and 3221.3 kg ha^(-1) in 2018).Moreover,is also inferred that total dose of herbicide might be reduced by using hoeing and mulching in an integrated way.

Toxoplasmosis and anti-Toxoplasma effects of medicinal plant extracts-A mini-review

Toxoplasmosis is a globally diwstributed parasitic protozoan disease,caused by Toxoplasma gondii.The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individuals.Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are the two drugs used as a part of standard therapy for toxoplasmosis.Researchers have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants for toxoplasmosis,which can be used as an alternative to standard drug therapy with reduced side effects.Traditional herbal plants are used by people to cure a large number of parasitic disorders.This review provides new insights into various medicinal plants that are used traditionally for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and other parasitic infections,which can be useful as an alternative treatment option for Toxoplasma gondii infections.

Case series associated with COVID-19 pandemic in causing psychiatric morbidity

The COVID-19 has emerged as a public health emergency across the globe.Countries all over the world have been forced to enforce nationwide lockdowns to curb the transmission of this illness,affecting millions of people.The disorder and the lockdowns enforced have resulted in a complex set of psychosocial stressors in the lives of people,affecting their resilience and causing psychological stress and mental health issues.In this case series,we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors in causing mental health problems,especially in a vulnerable individual.The first case reports the onset of first-episode mania in a healthy individual with a family history of mental illness,after the sudden demise of the patient’s mother due to COVID-19.The second case highlights the onset of psychosis in an adolescent girl following academic stress due to the inability to carry on her education through online classes.The third case demonstrates the exacerbation of dissociative episodes in a child following the financial crisis in the family during the lockdown period.In low-income to middle-income countries such as India,there is a complex interplay of the psychosocial stressors due to the COVID-19 pandemic with pre-existing issues such as poverty,socioeconomic disparity and inequity of resources leading to a‘double hit’for people from disadvantaged sections of the society and individuals with pre-existing mental illness or vulnerability for mental illness.

Hot Spring Hydro Therapy Regulates Peripheral Leukocyte Together with Emotional Hormone and Receptor Positive Lymphocytes According to Each Constitution/Condition

Two primary defense systems develop in vertebrates, innate and adaptive. Despite those defense systems, the overwhelming problems of possessing this dual system, the innate or adoptive do not seem to guard or even prevent the development of one internal threat to survival, moreover sometimes direct to autoimmunity accompanying hypersensitivity. Further, every individual exposes to the risk of immunodeficiency in daily life with both internal and external stimuli. In this report, we tried to report the suitable menu for regulating the immune system modulate and discuss how we can compare and select each menu by evidence-based manner more than VAS. In a series of investigation, we have assessed the various health promoting menus such as hot spring hydrotherapy, acupuncture & moxibustion, light walking, independent to the western medicine. In this report, we try to summarize the regulatory effect of hot spring hydrotherapy as our representative menu under the influence of hypothalamus system. Their effects of elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, its subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio, emotional hormones, receptor positive lymphoid cells. The regulative effects were confirmed also by other menu than hydrotherapy, acupuncture, walking etc. However, just by the simple comparison between the group before and after the hydrotherapy, we cannot exhibit the real regulatory effect by each menu. So we tried to show the effect by trying to indicate the constitution/condition dependent manner. Because the effect was not uniformly to each individual but it was dependent on each condition/constitution before the start of the menu. This is the one of the main proposes of this report for summaries that it is important to regulate the number and levels of each factor as ideal value. In other words, the regulation of each factor affected under the hypothalamus system is regulated with each constitution, under the influence of daily circumstances. The mode of regulation was the same in each menu, indicating that the higher leveler was down regulated and lower leveler was up regulated. Moreover, each vector of change was reversely correlated to the value of the day before. The other purpose of this study was designed to establish the regulatory effect of this hydrotherapy being not limited in the number of leukocyte in peripheral but in the emotional hormones. They were adrenaline and dopamine but not found another hormone for healthy individuals. Hot spring hydrotherapy for a short duration was expected to influence the immune system combining with hormone levels in the blood quantitatively. These hormones were evidenced by adrenalin and dopamine as well as adrenergic receptor positive lymphocytes. The final subject was to confirm and compare the effect of hot spring hydrotherapy and other menu. The reproducible effects were expressed by the linear slant and could compare each other with the value of slope. We tried to discuss the advantage and demerit, how we can compare each medicine with the peripheral leukocyte in number and function.

The Silk Road and Sources of Chinese Medicine Expansion: Part 1 – Materia Medica

The Silk Road stretched over land and across seas connecting Europe,Africa,and Asia.The trade of medicine along these routes has had profound impacts on the populations and traditions they have come into contact with.Chinese Medicine is no exception as it has taken numerous nonnative products and incorporated them into the unique philosophical construct of systematic correspondences that govern its practice.By looking at the four categories of primary source materials and studying the history of medical exchange along the Silk Road,we can determine how and where this information is used in Chinese Medicine.The Materia Medica(ben cao本草)texts are the first source of information for this study that will explore multiple sources to better understand the development of Chinese Medicine in relation to the rest of the world.

COVID-19 mortality and its risk factors:A single-center observational study

Objectives:To determine COVID-19 mortality and its risk factors in hospitalized patients at of a tertiary care center in north India.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted of patients who were hospitalized from May 2020 to January 2021.The in-hospital mortality was assessed,and demographic variables and comorbidities between COVID-19 deaths and survivors were compared.Results:A total of 24000 patients were admitted during the study period,among which 17000 had shown positive results of the RT-PCR test for COVID-19.The total mortality was 329 patients(1.37%),among which 232(70.52%)succumbed due to COVID-19,and 97(29.48%)died due to other illnesses.The mean age of the patients was(64.09依16.99)years.The mean age was significantly higher in COVID-19 related deaths[(67.63±13.78)years]as compared to that of the survivors[(60.52±19.5)years](P<0.001).Compared to COVID-19 survivors,there were more males(72.41%v.s.61.5%)and less females(27.59%v.s.38.5%)in COVID-19 related deaths(P=0.001).Comorbidities such as hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and chronic kidney disease showed a significant correlation with COVID-19 mortality with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.389(95%CI:1.465-2.982),3.891(95%CI:2.059-5.392),and 6.358(95%CI:5.675-10.564),respectively.Conclusions:Elderly males with comorbidities have higher risk for mortality related to COVID-19.Ongoing vaccination drive is rightfully prioritised to serve the high-risk category first.

Wi-Fi: WPA2 Security Vulnerability and Solutions

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging network infrastructure with more than five devices owned by a single user. Wireless connectivity forms the backbone of such infrastructure. IoT uses diverse wireless communication technologies such as IEEE 802.15.4, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, RFID, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), and various other cellular technologies. Wi-Fi is most suitable for IoT Home or office networks. Practically wireless signals do not adhere to the boundaries of the office or home, or organization and impose inherent security risks like information leakage, unauthorized access, other security and privacy threats to networking infrastructure. Therefore Authorization/Association of devices is one of the main security concerns. This paper discusses how unauthorized access to wireless networks (Wi-Fi) can be secured by improving existing WPA2 protocol security.

Regulative effect for natural killer cell by hot spring hydrotherapy—Quantitative and qualitative discussion

Along with maintaining immune competent cells, one of the purposes of cancer patient is regulating the first line of defense for survival. Moreover, the factors that influence the acquired immune activity are systemic metabolic disorder in diabetes, malnutrition, extreme exhaustion, stresses, aging and medical side effect such as chemotherapy. So we have to select appropriate menu to regulate immune function through leukocyte storage. Especially, NK cell is first line of defense against virus infected cell and/or tumor cell. In order to recommend the effect of hot spring hydrotherapy on the peripheral white blood cells as a parameter for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) within a short period, the granulocytes, lymphocytes, lymphocyte subsets in their peripheral blood were monitored. In the young group (35 or less), the number of granulocytes clearly decreased after hydrotherapy. In the older group (over 35 years old), the total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes significantly increased after the therapy. Using a FACScan, we investigated CD2, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19 and CD56 positive cell as well as the cytokine containing cell, as direct assessment for immunological preparation (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-1β). After hydrotherapy, the CD16+ cells also increased outstandingly. However, the CD19+ cells clearly decreased. Moreover, there was a decrease in the cytokine-producing cell count of subjects whose blood cells had a higher number of the cell level before. All of the results indicated that hot spring hydrotherapy could regulate the immune system even in normal human. Like this, blood hormonal level was measured in order to know the mechanism of the quantitative and qualitative, adjustment of the leucocytes becomes possible within a short term. As a result of measuring, 7 kinds of hormone including mainly adrenocortical hormones, adrenalin level reduced in constitution dependent manner. From these results, it was suggested that the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the leukocyte by the hydrotherapy is closely related to dynamics of blood hormonal level.

尼日利亚Abeokuta发现的美洲大蠊代谢活性的昼夜变化

【目的】美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana通常被称为美洲蟑螂(American cockroach),利用其腿节肌和胸肌的运动能力进行各种活动,说明其可在各种生境中轻松活动和通过代谢活性利用每日高效活动所需的食物。对于美洲大蠊代谢活性的日变化模式我们知之甚少,本研究旨在调查美洲大蠊成虫胸肌和腿节肌中代谢物含量和酶活性的昼夜变化。【方法】于当地时间6:00,12:00,18:00和24:00(格林威治标准时间6:00,12:00,18:00和24:00)收集美洲大蠊8日龄成虫腿节肌和胸肌进行实验,应用标准生物化学分析方法测定这些组织中4种酶(淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶)活性(这4钟酶在食物运输到肌肉过程中负责代谢食物或转化为可利用的物质,以及水解食物为昆虫运动提供能量,以及有机物(葡萄糖、蛋白质和脂类)和无机物[钠(Na^(+))、钾(K^(+))、钙(Ca^(2+))、氯(Cl^(-))、铁(Fe^(2+))、镁(Mg^(2+))和磷(PO_(4)^(3-))]含量。【结果】在整个24 h内,美洲大蠊8日龄成虫腿节肌和胸肌中均检测到淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶这4种酶活性,只是不同时间活性不同。腿节肌中淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性遵循如下规律:12:00>6:00>24:00>18:00,雌性中酶活性均高于雄性中的。胸肌中6:00和12:00淀粉酶、脂酶和蛋白酶活性显著高于18:00和24:00的,雌性中酶活性高于雄性中的。在雄成虫胸肌中,18:00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的,18:00和24:00蛋白质含量高于6:00和12:00的,24:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的;而在雌成虫胸肌中,12:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的,12:00和24:00蛋白质含量显著高于6:00和18:00的,24:00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的。在腿节肌中,18:00脂含量显著高于其他时间点的。雄成虫腿节肌中,24:00葡萄糖含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00蛋白质含量显著高于其他时间点的,而在雌成虫腿节肌中,24:00葡萄糖和蛋白质含量显著高于其他时间点的。在雄成虫胸肌中,18:00 Na^(+)含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00和12:00 K^(+)和Ca^(2+)含量显著高于18:00和24:00的,24:00 Cl^(-)含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00,18:00和24:00 PO_(4)^(3-)含量无显著差异,但显著高于12:00的;而在雌成虫胸肌中,6:00 Na^(+)含量显著高于其他时间点的,12:00 K^(+),Ca^(2+)和Cl^(-)含量显著高于其他时间点的,各时间点PO_(4)^(3-)含量无显著差异。在雄成虫腿节肌中,12:00 Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00 K^(+)含量显著高于18:00和24:00的,6:00 Cl^(-)和PO_(4)^(3-)含量显著高于其他时间点的,而在雌成虫腿节肌中,6:00 Na^(+)和Cl^(-)含量显著高于其他时间点的,6:00,12:00和18:00 K^(+)和Ca^(2+)含量无显著差异,但显著高于24:00的,各时间点PO_(4)^(3-)含量无显著差异。【结论】本研究结果说明,美洲大蠊成虫在活动高峰期,在运动所需的淀粉酶、脂酶、蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的作用下具有代谢有机和无机物的能力。

Separate支架在治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻中的应用

目的 探讨Separate支架置入术在姑息性治疗不能手术的胃肠道恶性梗阻的可行性和有效性。方法 34例患者采用经口置入Separate支架治疗不能手术的恶性胃十二指肠梗阻。梗阻的原因分别是胃癌 1 1例、胰腺癌 1 2例、转移性肿瘤 3例、胆道肿瘤 6例和十二指肠癌 2例。透视下分别将Separate支架的外层带膜支架和内层裸支架同轴重叠释放在狭窄病变处。结果 技术成功率为 97% ,未发生严重并发症。 33例患者胃肠道梗阻症状缓解或消失 ,在Separate支架置入后 ,患者进食能力评分平均从 3.8提高到 1 .2。随访期间未发现支架移位和肿瘤内生性生长等并发症 ,1例患者由于肿瘤浸润致支架近端梗阻复发 ,置入第 2枚支架。

超级酶基因治疗在阴茎康复中的应用

勃起功能障碍(ED)是前列腺癌根治术后常见的并发症。虽然阴茎康复的概念已被临床工作者广为接受,但目前常用的阴茎康复方法仍存在疗效欠佳、费用高、使用不方便和患者依从性差等亟待解决的问题。阴茎勃起是阴茎海绵体平滑肌松弛、动脉扩张等完整过程。前列环素(PGI2)是诱导平滑肌松弛最主要的血管保护剂。但PGI2极不稳定,不能直接给药。超级酶是一个创新的产品,它把生成PGI2的两种酶(环氧化酶和PGI合成酶)直接联系在一起。超级酶在阴茎组织能持续性、特异性、靶向性的促进PGI2合成,帮助前列腺癌根治术后ED患者的阴茎康复。该疗法在阴茎康复及ED治疗上具有广阔的前景,本文就目前该新疗法在阴茎康复中的研究进行了总结。