AIM: To determine the effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties using Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality.METHODS: Using the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), the temper...AIM: To determine the effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties using Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality.METHODS: Using the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), the temperament and character profiles of 41 participants with refractive errors(17 with myopia,12 with hyperopia, and 12 with myopic astigmatism) were compared to those of 30 healthy control participants.Here, temperament comprised the traits of novelty seeking, harm-avoidance, and reward dependence, while character comprised traits of self-directedness,cooperativeness, and self-transcendence.RESULTS: Participants with refractive error showed significantly lower scores on purposefulness,cooperativeness, empathy, helpfulness, and compassion(P 【0.05, P 【0.01, P 【0.05, P 【0.05, and P 【0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION: Refractive error might have a negative influence on some character traits, and different types of refractive error might have different temperament and character properties. These personality traits may be implicated in the onset and/or perpetuation of refractive errors and may be a productive focus for psychotherapy.展开更多
AIM:To investigate therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine formulations,Hexuemingmu(HXMM)on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV)and followup effect in mice.METHODS:C57 BL/6 mice of 8-week-old we...AIM:To investigate therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine formulations,Hexuemingmu(HXMM)on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV)and followup effect in mice.METHODS:C57 BL/6 mice of 8-week-old were used and CNV was induced with 577 nm laser photocoagulation.Animals were randomly divided into groups and different doses of HXMM were administered daily.One,four,and eight weeks after the intervention,the electroretinogram(ERG),fundus fluorescence angiography,choroidal flat mount and immunofluorescence staining were preformed to evaluate the function and CNV formation.The expression levels of angiogenic proteins were determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining.An analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to test the differences among the groups.RESULTS:The results showed that HXMM effectively increased amplitude of ERG of mice(P<0.05),alleviated fundus CNV leakage(P<0.05),and reduced the area of neovascularization and the expression of angiogenic proteins(P<0.05)after laser-induced CNV.CONCLUSION:HXMM can protect the retinal function of mice after laser-induced CNV,and inhibit the CNV development.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association of retinal vascular calibers with hyperuricemia in a middle‐aged and elderly population. Methods A cross‐sectional design was applied in this study and 869 participants aged ...Objective To investigate the association of retinal vascular calibers with hyperuricemia in a middle‐aged and elderly population. Methods A cross‐sectional design was applied in this study and 869 participants aged ≥40 years from a high‐risk group for diabetes were recruited. All participants received the anthropometrical measurements and laboratory tests. Retinal arteriolar and venular caliber of the participants were measured with a semi‐automated system. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid level 420 μmol/L in men and 360 μmol/L in women. Linear regression models were used to assess the association of hyperuricemia with retinal vascular calibers. These models were additionally adjusted for age, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, weekly activity, smoking status, and education. Results Among the 869 participants, 133 (15.3%) suffered from hyperuricemia. The crude mean serum uric acid level was 312.3 μmol/L (Standard Deviation 79.5); mean concentration was 355.0 μmol/L (SD 75.5) in male participants, and 288.0 μmol/L (SD 71.1) in female participants (age‐adjusted difference 58.1 μmol/L, 95% Confidence Internal 48.5, 67.6). After adjusting for additional covariates, male participants with hyperuricemia had 3.77 μm (95% CI ‐0.46, 8.00) smaller arteriolar caliber and 6.20 μm (95% CI 0.36, 12.04) larger venule than those without hyperuricemia; the corresponding numbers among female participants were 1.57 μm (95% CI ‐1.07, 4.21) for retinal arteriolar caliber and 2.28 μm (95% CI ‐1.72, 6.27) for retinal venular caliber. Conclusion Hyperuricemia was associated with smaller retinal arteriolar caliber and larger venular caliber mainly in male participants in this study.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for grade Ⅲ flat anterior chamber(FAC) after glaucoma filtration surgery based on 5-year data.METHODS: Patients who underwent glaucoma filtration surgery in...AIM: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for grade Ⅲ flat anterior chamber(FAC) after glaucoma filtration surgery based on 5-year data.METHODS: Patients who underwent glaucoma filtration surgery in Daping hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The incidence of grade Ⅲ FAC following glaucoma filtration surgery was determined. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the influence of glaucoma type, surgical approach, age, and preoperative intraocular pressure(IOP) on the risk of postoperative FAC.RESULTS: A total of 2179 eyes receiving anti-glaucoma surgery were included. Ninety-one eyes suffered from postoperative FAC, with an overall incidence rate of 4.18%. Of 471 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG), grade Ⅲ FAC occurred in only 3 eyes(0.64%). Primary angleclosure glaucoma(PACG) was diagnosed in 1076 eyes, 39(3.62%) of which developed grade Ⅲ FAC, including 12 eyes(12/300, 4%) with acute PACG(aP ACG) and 27 eyes(27/776, 3.48%) with chronic PACG(c PACG). Six of 259 eyes(2.32%) with secondary glaucoma, 28 of 186 eyes(15.05%) with neovasular glaucoma, 1 of 66 eyes(1.52%) with congenital glaucoma, and 14 of 115 eyes(12.17%) with remnant glaucoma suffered from grade Ⅲ FAC. Of 6 eyes with mixed glaucoma, none developed grade Ⅲ FAC after surgery. When stratified by surgical approach, 24 of 766 eyes(3.13%) undergoing trabeculectomy, 21 of 924 eyes(2.27%) treated by trabeculectomy plus mitomycin C(MMC), 18 of 109 eyes(16.51%) undergoing Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation, 23 of 201 eyes(11.44%) managed by Ahmed implantation plus MMC, and 5 of 133 eyes(3.76%) treated by Ahmed implantation plus lens extraction or vitrectomy developed grade Ⅲ FAC. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors including neovasular glaucoma, remnant glaucoma, glaucoma valve implantation, glaucoma valve implantation+MMC, glaucoma valve implantation+vitrectomy, age〉60 y, and IOP at admission 〉50 mm Hg were significantly associated with an increased risk for grade Ⅲ FAC.CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of grade Ⅲ FAC after glaucoma filtration surgery is 4.18%. Patients with neovasular glaucoma and remnant glaucoma are at a higher risk of developing FAC. Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is associated with a higher risk for grade Ⅲ FAC compared with trabeculectomy. No significant correlation was observed between the use of MMC in glaucoma filtration surgery and the risk of postoperative FAC. Higher IOP at admission(〉50 mm Hg) and old age(〉60 y) are risk factors for grade Ⅲ FAC.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of Acanthamoeba keratitis with respect to the delay in diagnosis Methods: A retrospective review of the records of 14 patient s treated for A canthamoeba keratitis was carried out. Del...Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of Acanthamoeba keratitis with respect to the delay in diagnosis Methods: A retrospective review of the records of 14 patient s treated for A canthamoeba keratitis was carried out. Delay in diagnosis was co rrelated with risk factors, clinical presentation, method of diagnosis, final vi sual acuity and need for penetrating keratoplasty. Results: Based on the time in terval between the first symptoms and the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis, i t appeared that patients could be divided into two groups: an early treatment gr oup (group I), consisting of six patients treated within 18 days of onset of sym ptoms, and a late treatment group (group II), composed of eight patients treated beyond that time. There were no statistically significant differences between t he two groups as far as risk factors, clinical presentation, accuracy of diagnos iof and method of diagnosis were concerned, although more extensive and deeper c orneal involvement was noted in group II. Improvement in visual acuity following medical therapy was seen in all six patients in the early group and in three (3 7%) of the eight patients in the late group. One patient in group I needed urge nt penetrating keratoplasty for corneal necrosis. In group II, two patients unde rwent penetrating keratoplasty chaud to prevent corneal perforation and three patients needed penetrating keratoplasty to restore functional visual acuity. Co nclusion: A diagnostic delay of less than 18 days between onset of symptoms and start of anti-amoebic treatment results in a better final VA after medical trea tment and obviates the need for urgent and elective penetrating keratoplasty.展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine the effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties using Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality.METHODS: Using the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), the temperament and character profiles of 41 participants with refractive errors(17 with myopia,12 with hyperopia, and 12 with myopic astigmatism) were compared to those of 30 healthy control participants.Here, temperament comprised the traits of novelty seeking, harm-avoidance, and reward dependence, while character comprised traits of self-directedness,cooperativeness, and self-transcendence.RESULTS: Participants with refractive error showed significantly lower scores on purposefulness,cooperativeness, empathy, helpfulness, and compassion(P 【0.05, P 【0.01, P 【0.05, P 【0.05, and P 【0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION: Refractive error might have a negative influence on some character traits, and different types of refractive error might have different temperament and character properties. These personality traits may be implicated in the onset and/or perpetuation of refractive errors and may be a productive focus for psychotherapy.
基金the Army Laboratory Animal Foundation of China(No.SYDW2016-011)。
文摘AIM:To investigate therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine formulations,Hexuemingmu(HXMM)on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV)and followup effect in mice.METHODS:C57 BL/6 mice of 8-week-old were used and CNV was induced with 577 nm laser photocoagulation.Animals were randomly divided into groups and different doses of HXMM were administered daily.One,four,and eight weeks after the intervention,the electroretinogram(ERG),fundus fluorescence angiography,choroidal flat mount and immunofluorescence staining were preformed to evaluate the function and CNV formation.The expression levels of angiogenic proteins were determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining.An analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to test the differences among the groups.RESULTS:The results showed that HXMM effectively increased amplitude of ERG of mice(P<0.05),alleviated fundus CNV leakage(P<0.05),and reduced the area of neovascularization and the expression of angiogenic proteins(P<0.05)after laser-induced CNV.CONCLUSION:HXMM can protect the retinal function of mice after laser-induced CNV,and inhibit the CNV development.
基金supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (STCSM) and the Key Project of Health Bureau of Shanghai (Grant 04dz19501‐1 and 08GWZX0203 to Xin GAO)
文摘Objective To investigate the association of retinal vascular calibers with hyperuricemia in a middle‐aged and elderly population. Methods A cross‐sectional design was applied in this study and 869 participants aged ≥40 years from a high‐risk group for diabetes were recruited. All participants received the anthropometrical measurements and laboratory tests. Retinal arteriolar and venular caliber of the participants were measured with a semi‐automated system. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid level 420 μmol/L in men and 360 μmol/L in women. Linear regression models were used to assess the association of hyperuricemia with retinal vascular calibers. These models were additionally adjusted for age, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, weekly activity, smoking status, and education. Results Among the 869 participants, 133 (15.3%) suffered from hyperuricemia. The crude mean serum uric acid level was 312.3 μmol/L (Standard Deviation 79.5); mean concentration was 355.0 μmol/L (SD 75.5) in male participants, and 288.0 μmol/L (SD 71.1) in female participants (age‐adjusted difference 58.1 μmol/L, 95% Confidence Internal 48.5, 67.6). After adjusting for additional covariates, male participants with hyperuricemia had 3.77 μm (95% CI ‐0.46, 8.00) smaller arteriolar caliber and 6.20 μm (95% CI 0.36, 12.04) larger venule than those without hyperuricemia; the corresponding numbers among female participants were 1.57 μm (95% CI ‐1.07, 4.21) for retinal arteriolar caliber and 2.28 μm (95% CI ‐1.72, 6.27) for retinal venular caliber. Conclusion Hyperuricemia was associated with smaller retinal arteriolar caliber and larger venular caliber mainly in male participants in this study.
文摘AIM: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for grade Ⅲ flat anterior chamber(FAC) after glaucoma filtration surgery based on 5-year data.METHODS: Patients who underwent glaucoma filtration surgery in Daping hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The incidence of grade Ⅲ FAC following glaucoma filtration surgery was determined. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the influence of glaucoma type, surgical approach, age, and preoperative intraocular pressure(IOP) on the risk of postoperative FAC.RESULTS: A total of 2179 eyes receiving anti-glaucoma surgery were included. Ninety-one eyes suffered from postoperative FAC, with an overall incidence rate of 4.18%. Of 471 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG), grade Ⅲ FAC occurred in only 3 eyes(0.64%). Primary angleclosure glaucoma(PACG) was diagnosed in 1076 eyes, 39(3.62%) of which developed grade Ⅲ FAC, including 12 eyes(12/300, 4%) with acute PACG(aP ACG) and 27 eyes(27/776, 3.48%) with chronic PACG(c PACG). Six of 259 eyes(2.32%) with secondary glaucoma, 28 of 186 eyes(15.05%) with neovasular glaucoma, 1 of 66 eyes(1.52%) with congenital glaucoma, and 14 of 115 eyes(12.17%) with remnant glaucoma suffered from grade Ⅲ FAC. Of 6 eyes with mixed glaucoma, none developed grade Ⅲ FAC after surgery. When stratified by surgical approach, 24 of 766 eyes(3.13%) undergoing trabeculectomy, 21 of 924 eyes(2.27%) treated by trabeculectomy plus mitomycin C(MMC), 18 of 109 eyes(16.51%) undergoing Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation, 23 of 201 eyes(11.44%) managed by Ahmed implantation plus MMC, and 5 of 133 eyes(3.76%) treated by Ahmed implantation plus lens extraction or vitrectomy developed grade Ⅲ FAC. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors including neovasular glaucoma, remnant glaucoma, glaucoma valve implantation, glaucoma valve implantation+MMC, glaucoma valve implantation+vitrectomy, age〉60 y, and IOP at admission 〉50 mm Hg were significantly associated with an increased risk for grade Ⅲ FAC.CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of grade Ⅲ FAC after glaucoma filtration surgery is 4.18%. Patients with neovasular glaucoma and remnant glaucoma are at a higher risk of developing FAC. Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is associated with a higher risk for grade Ⅲ FAC compared with trabeculectomy. No significant correlation was observed between the use of MMC in glaucoma filtration surgery and the risk of postoperative FAC. Higher IOP at admission(〉50 mm Hg) and old age(〉60 y) are risk factors for grade Ⅲ FAC.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of Acanthamoeba keratitis with respect to the delay in diagnosis Methods: A retrospective review of the records of 14 patient s treated for A canthamoeba keratitis was carried out. Delay in diagnosis was co rrelated with risk factors, clinical presentation, method of diagnosis, final vi sual acuity and need for penetrating keratoplasty. Results: Based on the time in terval between the first symptoms and the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis, i t appeared that patients could be divided into two groups: an early treatment gr oup (group I), consisting of six patients treated within 18 days of onset of sym ptoms, and a late treatment group (group II), composed of eight patients treated beyond that time. There were no statistically significant differences between t he two groups as far as risk factors, clinical presentation, accuracy of diagnos iof and method of diagnosis were concerned, although more extensive and deeper c orneal involvement was noted in group II. Improvement in visual acuity following medical therapy was seen in all six patients in the early group and in three (3 7%) of the eight patients in the late group. One patient in group I needed urge nt penetrating keratoplasty for corneal necrosis. In group II, two patients unde rwent penetrating keratoplasty chaud to prevent corneal perforation and three patients needed penetrating keratoplasty to restore functional visual acuity. Co nclusion: A diagnostic delay of less than 18 days between onset of symptoms and start of anti-amoebic treatment results in a better final VA after medical trea tment and obviates the need for urgent and elective penetrating keratoplasty.