The symmetry energy γ parameter of relativistic mean-field models

The relativistic mean-field models tested in previous works against nuclear matter experimental values,critical parameters and macroscopic stellar properties are revisited and used in the evaluation of the symmetry energyγ parameter obtained in three different ways. We have checked that, independent of the choice made to calculate theγ values, a trend of linear correlation is observed between γ and the symmetry energy（S0） and a more clear linear relationship is established between γ and the slope of the symmetry energy（L0）. These results directly contribute to the arising of other linear correlations between γ and the neutron star radii of R（1.0） and R（1.4）, in agreement with recent findings. Finally, we have found that short-range correlations induce two specific parametrizations, namely,IU-FSU and DD-MEδ, simultaneously compatible with the neutron star mass constraint of 1.93≤M（max）/M☉≤2.05 and with the overlap band for the L0 ×S0 region, to present γ in the range of γ=0.25±0.05.

Notes,outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota

The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota.The present work provides an overview of all validly published,currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document.An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided,which includes 1928 currently used genera names,with 1263 synonyms,which are distributed in 241 families,68 orders,18 classes and four subphyla.We provide brief notes for each accepted genus including information on classification,number of accepted species,type species,life mode,habitat,distribution,and sequence information.Furthermore,three phylogenetic analyses with combined LSU,SSU,5.8s,rpb1,rpb2,and ef1 datasets for the subphyla Agaricomycotina,Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are conducted,respectively.Divergence time estimates are provided to the family level with 632 species from 62 orders,168 families and 605 genera.Our study indicates that the divergence times of the subphyla in Basidiomycota are 406-430 Mya,classes are 211-383 Mya,and orders are 99-323 Mya,which are largely consistent with previous studies.In this study,all phylogenetically supported families were dated,with the families of Agaricomycotina diverging from 27-178 Mya,Pucciniomycotina from 85-222 Mya,and Ustilaginomycotina from 79-177 Mya.Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system,and also provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.