Aflatoxin contamination of crops is frequent in warm regions across the globe, including large areas in sub-Saharan Africa and Burkina Faso. A?atoxins and fumonisins are among the mycotoxins that have been increasingl...Aflatoxin contamination of crops is frequent in warm regions across the globe, including large areas in sub-Saharan Africa and Burkina Faso. A?atoxins and fumonisins are among the mycotoxins that have been increasingly reported to affect health and productivity of livestock globally. It cuts across the value chain, affecting farmers, markets, and finally consumers. However, a?atoxin contamination is a threatening issue in these staples and its negative effects on human health, most especially on infants and young children, are very alarming. Among the cereals in Burkina Faso, the maize is more vulnerable to contamination by Aspergillus sp. The contamination of maize by the aflatoxin is the main cause affecting production of agricultural sector, food security and regularity. Many factors are responsible for its proliferating. Therefore aflatoxins reduction in cereals such as maize is a serious concern for quality and safety. This review aimed to highlight the factors influencing a?atoxins contamination, and methods of reduction.展开更多
Biscuits are ready-to-eat foods that are traditionally prepared mainly with wheat flour,fat,and sugar.Recently,biscuits’technologies have been rapidly developed to improve their nutritional properties.This study aime...Biscuits are ready-to-eat foods that are traditionally prepared mainly with wheat flour,fat,and sugar.Recently,biscuits’technologies have been rapidly developed to improve their nutritional properties.This study aimed to determine the strategies of improving the nutritional quality of biscuits and the potential health benefits associated with them.A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted,including articles on biscuits improved by technological processes and raw materials variation.Studies were searched from Google Scholar,PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science published between 1997 and 2020,in English and French.The meta-analysis was performed using RStudio software,version 4.0.4 to classify the biscuits.One hundred and seven eligible articles were identified.Rice,pea,potato,sorghum,buckwheat,and flaxseed flours were respectively the most found substitutes to wheat flour.But the meta-analysis shown that the copra and foxtail millet biscuit fortified with amaranth,the wheat biscuits fortified with okra,and rice biscuits fortified with soybeans had a high protein content.These biscuits therefore have a potential to be used as complementary foods.The substitution of sugar and fat by several substitutes lead to a decrease in carbohydrates,fat,and energy value.It has also brought about an increase in other nutrients such as dietary fiber,proteins/amino acids,fatty acids,and phenolic compounds.Among the sugar and fat substitutes,stevia and inulin were respectively the most used.Regarding the use of biscuits in clinical trials,they were mainly used for addressing micronutrient deficiency and for weight loss.展开更多
文摘Aflatoxin contamination of crops is frequent in warm regions across the globe, including large areas in sub-Saharan Africa and Burkina Faso. A?atoxins and fumonisins are among the mycotoxins that have been increasingly reported to affect health and productivity of livestock globally. It cuts across the value chain, affecting farmers, markets, and finally consumers. However, a?atoxin contamination is a threatening issue in these staples and its negative effects on human health, most especially on infants and young children, are very alarming. Among the cereals in Burkina Faso, the maize is more vulnerable to contamination by Aspergillus sp. The contamination of maize by the aflatoxin is the main cause affecting production of agricultural sector, food security and regularity. Many factors are responsible for its proliferating. Therefore aflatoxins reduction in cereals such as maize is a serious concern for quality and safety. This review aimed to highlight the factors influencing a?atoxins contamination, and methods of reduction.
文摘Biscuits are ready-to-eat foods that are traditionally prepared mainly with wheat flour,fat,and sugar.Recently,biscuits’technologies have been rapidly developed to improve their nutritional properties.This study aimed to determine the strategies of improving the nutritional quality of biscuits and the potential health benefits associated with them.A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted,including articles on biscuits improved by technological processes and raw materials variation.Studies were searched from Google Scholar,PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science published between 1997 and 2020,in English and French.The meta-analysis was performed using RStudio software,version 4.0.4 to classify the biscuits.One hundred and seven eligible articles were identified.Rice,pea,potato,sorghum,buckwheat,and flaxseed flours were respectively the most found substitutes to wheat flour.But the meta-analysis shown that the copra and foxtail millet biscuit fortified with amaranth,the wheat biscuits fortified with okra,and rice biscuits fortified with soybeans had a high protein content.These biscuits therefore have a potential to be used as complementary foods.The substitution of sugar and fat by several substitutes lead to a decrease in carbohydrates,fat,and energy value.It has also brought about an increase in other nutrients such as dietary fiber,proteins/amino acids,fatty acids,and phenolic compounds.Among the sugar and fat substitutes,stevia and inulin were respectively the most used.Regarding the use of biscuits in clinical trials,they were mainly used for addressing micronutrient deficiency and for weight loss.
