Naringin Inhibits Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Inhibiting Viability of Colorectal Cancer Cells

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of naringin on colorectal cancer(CRC)and the related mechanism.Methods Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay and annexin V-FITC/PI assay were used to detect the effect of naringin(50–400µg/mL)on cell proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells,respectively.The scratch wound assay and transwell migration assay were used to assess the effect of naringin on CRC cell migration.Four-week-old male nude mice were injected with HCT116 cells subcutaneously to establish the tumor xenograft model.Naringin was injected intraperitoneally at 50 mg/(kg·d),with solvent and 5-fluorouracil treatment as control.The width and length of the tumors were measured and recorded every 6 days,and tumor tissues were photographed and weighed on the last day of the 24-d observation period.Immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3,proliferating cell nuclear antigen and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate the effect of naringin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissues.The body weight,food and water intake of mice were recorded,and the major organs in different treatment groups were weighed on the last day and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological analysis.Meanwhile,the routine blood indicators were recorded.Results CCK-8 and annexin V-FITC/PI results confirmed that naringin(100,200,and 400µg/mL)could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis.The scratch wound assay and transwell migration assay results confirmed the inhibitory activity of naringin against CRC cells migration.In vivo results demonstrated the inhibitory effect of naringin on tumor growth with good bio-compatibility.Conclusion Naringin inhibited colorectal carcinogenesis by inhibiting viability of CRC cells.

Alginate hydrogel cross-linked by Ca^(2+)to promote spinal cord neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and functional recovery after a spinal cord injuryhh

Alginate capillary hydrogels seeded with differentiated cells can fill the lesion cavity and promote axonal regeneration after grafting into the injured spinal cord.Neural stem/progenitor cells(NSPCs)can potentially repair the spinal cord;however,effects of alginate hydrogels(AHs)on NSPCs remain unknown.In this study,we fabricated AHs cross-linked by Ca^(2+)and seeded hydrogels with rat embryonic day 14 NSPCs.Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy show that NSPCs survive,proliferate and differentiate into neurons in vitro within the capillaries.After transplantation into an acute T8 complete spinal cord transection site in adult rats,approximately one-third(38.3%)of grafted cells survive and differentiate into neurons(40.7%),astrocytes(26.6%)and oligodendrocytes(28.4%)at 8weeks post-grafting.NSPCs promote the growth of host axons within the capillaries in a time-dependent manner.Host axons make synapse-like contacts with NSPC-derived neurons within the hydrogel channels,and graft-derived axons extend into the host white and gray matter making putative synapses.This is paralleled by improved electrophysiological conductivity across the lesion and partial hindlimb locomotor recovery.