Analysis and Simulation of Evolution Induced Catastrophe

A model of evolution induced catastrophe(EIC)characterized by a nonlocal interaction is proposed.The general feature of the model is its two bias states:explosively catastrophic and globally stable,both consisting in a cascade of locally unstable states.A one-dimensional analysis reveals a transition region from globally stable to catastrophe.A two-dimensional simulation gives a thin fractal fracture profile similar to that observed and also a possible spectrum of fracture fractal.All these are different from percolation.Hence,the EIC model may represent a prototype of natural processes.

Characteristics of Anomalous Radio Propagation before and after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake as Seen by Oblique Ionograms

The characteristics of anomalous radio propagation in the frequency 1 - 30 MHz before and after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake are firstly revealed by using oblique ionograms for the pass from Wakkanai to Kokubunji which is closest to the epicenter. An oblique ionogram with a wavy-shape-trace was observed at 06:30 UTC on 11 March 2011 after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. The velocity of northward-propagating disturbance caused this wavy-shape-trace is estimated to be 130 m/s. This wave-shape-trace shows very clear signature appearing in the oblique ionograms as the characteristic of strong ionospheric disturbances triggered by the earthquake. An oblique ionogram with a steep slopy-shape-trace was observed at 04:45 UTC on 11 March 2011 one hour before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. This slopy-shape-trace is investigated as the signatures of preseismic ionospheric anomaly. This anomalous oblique ionogram with a slopy-shape-trace is examined with the slope ratio of virtual height to sweep-frequency, and the difference between monthly median foF2 and hourly value foF2 at Wakkanai and Kokubunji. These features appearing in oblique ionograms suggest that it is useful for studying the signatures of preseismic ionospheric anomaly.

Effective Way of Finding Common Eigenvectors of Center-of-Mass Coordinate and Mass-Weighted Relative Momenta of Multi-Partite via IWOP Technique

我们在场发现多国参加的一条方便途径与连续统变量纠缠了状态，它是并列的 center-of-mass 和团加权的相对 momenta 的普通特徵向量，由分解表示被构造由的完全性关系的通常订的 Gaussian 形式操作符分析特徵向量方程。整个推导在操作员的一个订的产品以内基于集成的技术。

Structural phase transition behaviour of Zn_4Sb_3 and its substitutional compounds (Zn_(0.98)M_(0.02))_4Sb_3 (M = Al, Ga and In) at low temperatures

Structural phase transitions of Zn4Sb3 and its substitutional compounds （Zn0.98M0.02）4Sb3 （M = Al, Ga and In） are investigated by electrical transport measurement and differential scanning calorimetry below room temperature. The results indicate that both β→α and α→α′ phase transitions of Zn4Sb3 are reversible and exothermic processes, which may be explained as that both the transitions originate from the ordering of the disordered interstitial Zn and vacancies in regular sizes. The derived activation energies of β→α and α→α′ phase transition processes for Zn4Sb3 are E1 = 3.9 eV and E2 = 4.1 eV, respectively. Although no remarkable influence on activation energy E2 is observed after A1 doping, A1 substitution for Zn causes E1 to increase to 4.6 eV, implying its suppression of β←→α transition to a great extent. Moreover, it is found that both β←→α and α←→α′ transitions are completely prohibited by substitution of either In or Ga for Zn in Zn4Sb3. The underlying mechanisms for these phenomena are discussed.

Capability of TEC correlation Analysis and Deceleration at Propagation Velocities of Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances: Preseismic Anomalies before the Large Earthquakes

Data analysis method (CRA, hereafter) to correlate multiple TEC anomaly signals has detected pre-seismic anomalies before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Iwata & Umeno 2016), the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (Iwata & Umeno 2017) and the 2016 Tainan earthquake (Goto et al. 2019). However, a critical argument said that those anomalies detected by CRA would not be pre-seismic anomalies published by Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics (126), 2021 (JGR-SP (126), hereafter). In this paper, we would point out its incorrect use of statistical anomalies in evaluating CRA as the following points: CRA is shown to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to amplify pre-seismic TEC’s small anomaly signals with synchronizing and correlating multiple GNSS receivers’ data. We proved again that pre-seismic anomalies certainly exist before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake with additional data analysis. In particular, as a temporal anomaly, deceleration at propagation velocities of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTID, hereafter) before the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake captured by CRA (Iwata & Umeno 2017) is elucidated as pre-seismic anomalies. Furthermore, we proposed a physical model to predict that 35 m/s change at MSTID propagation velocities estimated by TEC’s CRA requires 0.58 × 10-3 V/m electric field in the F Layer ionosphere. Contrary to the claim with the incorrect use of statistical anomalies in JGR-SP (126), TEC’s correlation anomalies detected by CRA (Iwata & Umeno 2016 and Iwata & Umeno 2017) clearly provided supporting evidence that physical pre-seismic anomalies really exist.

CONTROLLING EROSION OF SAFE BASIN IN NONLINEAR PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED SYSTEMS

This paper considers the dynamical behavior of a Duffing-Mathieu type system with a cubic single-well potential during the principal parametric resonance. Both the cases of constant and time-dependent excitation amplitude are used to observe the variation of the extent and the rate of the erosion in safe basins. It is evident that the appearance of fractal basin boundaries heralds the onset of the losing of structural integrity. The minimum value of control parameter to prevent the basin from erosion is given along with the excitation amplitude varying. The results show the time-dependence of excitation amplitude can be used to control the extent and the rate of the erosion and delay the first occurrence of heteroclinic tangency.

An important property of entanglement： pairwise entanglement that can only be transferred by an entangled pair

Based on the calculation of all the pairwise entanglements in the n （n ≤ 6）-qubit Heisenberg XX open chain with system impurity, we find an important result： pairwise entanglement can only be transferred by an entangled pair. The non-nearest pairwise entanglements will have the possibility to exist as long as there has been even number of qubits in their middle. This point indicates that we can obtain longer distance entanglement in a solid system.

Some discrete SI and SIS epidemic models

The probability is introduced to formulate the death of individuals, the recovery of the infected individuals and incidence of epidemic disease. Based on the assumption that the number of individuals in a population is a constant, discrete-time SI and SIS epidemic models with vital dynamics are established respectively corresponding to the case that the infectives can recover from the disease or not. For these two models. the results obtained in this paper show that there is the same dynarfiical behavior as their corresponding continuous ones. and the threshold determining its dynamical behavior is found. Below the threshold the epidemic disease dies out eventually, above the threshold the epidemic disease becomes an endemic eventually, and the number of the infectives approaches a positive constant.

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF AN SEIS EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH NONLINEAR INCIDENCE RATE

By means of limit theory and Fonda＇s theorem, an SEIS epidemic model with constant recruitment and the disease-related rate is considered. The incidence term is of the nonlinear form, and the basic reproduction number is found. If the basic reproduction number is less than one, there exists only the disease-free equilibrium, which is globally asymptotically stable, and the disease dies out eventually. If the basic reproduction number is greater than one, besides the unstable disease-free equilibrium, there exists also a unique endemic equilibrium, which is locally asymptotically stable, and the disease is uniformly persistent.

Asymptotically Optimal Empirical Bayes Estimation of Parameter for Scale-exponential Family under PA Samples

参数的 Bayes 评估者为规模被获得在情况中的指数的家庭相等分布式、确实联系(PA ) 在加权的方形的损失 function.We 下面的样品构造实验 Bayes (EB ) 评估者并且证明它是 asymptotic 最佳。

Photovoltaic Response Characteristics of GaAs Photoconductive Switches Under High Gain Mode

Given is the experiment results in which the laser pulses of 1 046 nm and 532 nm are used to trigger the semi-insulation GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS) with an electrode distance of 4 mm. And made is an analysis of the switchs photovoltaic response characteristics under the high gain mode when the biased field is bigger than the Geng effect field. Also a theory is presented that the main reason for the photovoltaic pulse response delay is the transmission of charge domain, caused by the presence of EL2 energy level in the chip material. Finally, the transmission time of charge domain is calculated and a result that inosculates with the experiment is attained.

Nonsingle-valley Continuous Solutions of p-order Feigenbaum's Functional Equation

The author considers the Feigenbaum's functional equation fp(λx) = λf(x) for each p > 2. The existence of nonsingle-valley continuous solutions to this equation is discussed and a feasible method to construct such solutions is given.

Generation of Long-Distance Entanglement in Spin System

我们建议二个计划在旋转链生产长途的纠纷。第一基于一个可控制的相互作用系统，一个人从一个纠缠的内核开始并且增加一步一步地削弱相互作用旋转到边界地点，然后，纠纷将越来越长被扩大，它的值等于它的内核的。，第二与为边界 qubits 是不在的体积磁场(B) 基于一个一致相互作用(J) 系统 B/J > 5，一个人能获得近完美的长距离纠纷。极端低的温度在两个计划被需要。

ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR FOR RANDOM WALK IN RANDOM ENVIRONMENT WITH HOLDING TIMES

In this article, we mainly discuss the asymptotic behavior for multi-dimensional continuous-time random walk in random environment with holding times. By constructing a renewal structure and using the point ＂environment viewed from the particle＂, under General Kalikow＇s Condition, we show the law of large numbers （LLN） and central limit theorem （CLT） for the escape speed of random walk.

Studies of B_s^O→η′η′ Decays in pQCD Approach

我们推测 CP 为 B s 0→ ηη ， η'η' 和 η'η' 在这里的 perturbative QCD (pQCD ) 途径腐烂。为平均 CP 的分叉比率的 pQCD 预言是 Br (B s 0→ ηη)=(14.2 -7.5+18.0) × 10 -6,(B s 0→ ηη')=(12.4 -7.0+18.2) × 10 -6, 并且(B s 0→ η'η')=( 与那些同意很好的 10 -6, 由采用 QCD 因式分解获得了的 9.2 -4.9+15.3) ×来临并且也与可得到的试验性的上面的限制一致。gluonic 贡献在尺寸是小的：不到 7% 为 B s → ηη 和 ηη' 腐烂，并且约 18% 为 B s → η'η' 腐烂。为三腐烂的违背 CP 不对称现象是很小的：不到 3% 在里面大小。

Text Encryption Using Pell Sequence and Elliptic Curves with Provable Security

The demand for data security schemes has increased with the significant advancement in the field of computation and communication networks.We propose a novel three-step text encryption scheme that has provable security against computation attacks such as key attack and statistical attack.The proposed scheme is based on the Pell sequence and elliptic curves,where at the first step the plain text is diffused to get a meaningless plain text by applying a cyclic shift on the symbol set.In the second step,we hide the elements of the diffused plain text from the attackers.For this purpose,we use the Pell sequence,a weight function,and a binary sequence to encode each element of the diffused plain text into real numbers.The encoded diffused plain text is then confused by generating permutations over elliptic curves in the third step.We show that the proposed scheme has provable security against key sensitivity attack and statistical attacks.Furthermore,the proposed scheme is secure against key spacing attack,ciphertext only attack,and known-plaintext attack.Compared to some of the existing text encryption schemes,the proposed scheme is highly secure against modern cryptanalysis.

Radiation Induced Variations of Electrical Conductivity in Polyaniline

Induced variations of electrical conductivityσdc of polyaniline byγ-radiation have been studied,σdcdc increases from 2.2 to 2.7S/cm due to radiation with a dose of 30-40Mrad.EPR results show that spin concentration increases at the same rate asσdc.The characteristics ofσdc versus temperature fit to Inσdc∝T^(-1) before irradiation,before irradiation,but to Inσdc∝T^(-1/4) after irradiation.

Local Ordering Process of (Fe_(25)Ni_(75))_(77)Si_(13)B_(10) Amorphous Alloy Under Annealing

In this paper the relaxation behavior of resistance,of temperature coefficient of electrical resistance and of magnetic Curie temperature on(Fe_(25)Ni_(75))_(77)Si_(13)B_(10) amorphous alloy in a temperature range from 150℃ to 400℃ is presented.Having analyzed the possible relaxation mechanism,we proposed a few kinds of local ordering process in the course of annealing.The development of some local ordering processes and the relation between them are analyzed.

STUDY OF CH ROLE IN THE DIAMOND VAPOR DEPOSITION BY MEANS OF OPTICAL SPECTRUM

We examine the role of CH radical in diamond vapor deposition in mixed gas CH_(4)-H_(2) mainly from the measurement of CH optical emisiop spectrum. Two dynamic parameters, the ratio of Intensity of CH to H spectra, I_(CH)/I<_(H), and the rat of change of spectra intensity with pressure, |⊿I/⊿P|, are introduced to characterize the plasma. On the basis of these two parameters, the diamond deposition conditions are discussed.