Natural versus synthetic anesthetic for transport of live fish:A review

An increased awareness of food safety and quality has led to an increased demand for live edible fish.This product requires effective and efficient handling technology and transport to ensure a low mortality rate,but live fish transport has not yet met this criteria.Anesthetized fish can be transported in larger quantities without being stressed during transfer,maintaining a higher quality.This paper explored synthetic and natural anesthetics derived from terrestrial and aquatic resources.This review of the different types,sources,and applications of natural and synthetic anesthetics was used to investigate the potential of seaweed as an anesthetic.In addition,advantages and disadvantages of anesthetics and the potential of seaweed as a prospect of anesthetic are discussed.

Antidiabetic potential and secondary metabolites screening of mangrove gastropod Cerithidea obtusa

Objective:To study the possible effects of Cerithidea obtusa extract as antidiabetic and to screen the secondary metabolites presence.Methods:Antidiabetic activity of Cerithidea obtusa extract was measured in vitro usingα-glucosidase inhibition method.Whereas,secondary metabolites screening was measured qualitatively.Results:The methanol extract had antidiabetic activity(IC_(50)=36.40 mg/mL).However,the control drug acarbose had significantly higher antidiabetic activity(IC_(50)=0.32 mg/mL).Secondary metabolites screening showed the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids,triterpenoids and saponins.Conclusions:The methanol extract had antidiabetic activity and the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids and triterpenoids might contribute to the activity.

The potential of Eucheuma cottonii extract as a candidate for fish anesthetic agent

Red seaweed species Eucheuma cottonii was thought to have potential as an anesthetic agent because it is shown to contain compounds with bioactivity as antimicrobial,antifungal,and also anticancer.There have been no studies regarding the active ingredients of anesthetized.The objective of the study was to examine the potential of E.cottonii extract as a candidate for fish anesthetic based on toxicity,phytochemistry,and active compounds contained in the extract.The stages of research include extraction,toxicity test extracts(BSLT),phytochemical test,quantitative test compound phytochemical results,and the identification of active compounds with LC-MS.Test results showed that E.cottonii extract contains a total of phenols of 4.60±0.06 mg/GAE g which is one presentation of the active ingredient in the extract.The extract had bioactivity with LC_(50) of 221.71±5.74μg/mL.E.cottonii extract contained flavonoids compounds and saponins with a consecutive number of 24.48%and 0.22%.The results of identifying active compounds were found in several compounds that had activity asantidepressants or sedatives.E.cottonii extract can be used as a candidate for a fish anesthetic agent.

Isolation,purification and characterization of extracellular protease produced by marine-derived endophytic fungus Xylaria psidii KT30

Objective:To isolate,purify and characterize extracellular protease produced by Xylaria psidii(X.psidii)KT30.Methods:In the present study,the extracellular protease secreted by X.psidii KT30 was isolated and purified by using three steps of protein purification,then the purified protease was characterized by applying qualitative and quantitative enzymatic assays.Results:Extracellular protease with molecular mass 71 kDa has been purified successfully by applying diethylaminoethanol-Sepharose followed by sephadex SG75 with its final specific protease activity of 0.091 IU/mg.Protease was the most active at temperature 60℃ and pH 7.The activity of enzyme was abolished mostly by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride,showing it is family of serine protease.Conclusions:Extracellular serine protease produced by X.psidii KT30 with good biochemical properties displayed some promising results for its further application in field of biotechnology or medicine.