Aggravation of Cancer,Heart Diseases and Diabetes Subsequent to COVID-19 Lockdown via Mathematical Modeling

The global populationhas beenandwill continue to be severely impacted by theCOVID-19 epidemic.The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the future impact of COVID-19 on those who suffer from other fatal conditions such as cancer,heart disease,and diabetes.Here,using ordinary differential equations(ODEs),two mathematical models are developed to explain the association between COVID-19 and cancer and between COVID-19 and diabetes and heart disease.After that,we highlight the stability assessments that can be applied to these models.Sensitivity analysis is used to examine how changes in certain factors impact different aspects of disease.The sensitivity analysis showed that many people are still nervous about seeing a doctor due to COVID-19,which could result in a dramatic increase in the diagnosis of various ailments in the years to come.The correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular illness is also illustrated graphically.The effects of smoking and obesity are also found to be significant in disease compartments.Model fitting is also provided for interpreting the relationship between real data and the results of thiswork.Diabetic people,in particular,need tomonitor their health conditions closely and practice heart health maintenance.People with heart diseases should undergo regular checks so that they can protect themselves from diabetes and take some precautions including suitable diets.The main purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of regular checks,to warn people about the effects of COVID-19(including avoiding healthcare centers and doctors because of the spread of infectious diseases)and to indicate the importance of family history of cancer,heart diseases and diabetes.The provision of the recommendations requires an increase in public consciousness.

Melting Characteristics of a Phase Change Material Mixed with Nano Particles of Cobalt Oxide Bounded in a Trapezoidal Structure

A novel trapezoidal design for storage of heat energy through melting of phase-change material(PCM)is investigated.Latent heat thermal energy storage system(LHTES)is a promising option to diminish mis-match between energy consumption and supply.For this purpose,Paraffin:Rubitherm-35(RT35)material is successively melted in aluminum structure which is heated from one side and the other sides are kept adiabatic.Melting of PCM is observed experimentally and melt fronts are photographed for various time lengths.The fluid-solid module in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 has been utilized.The transient heat conduction with enthalpy function is hired.Simulations are carried out for enhancement of thermal conductivity through addition of nano-entities of cobalt oxide Co3O4.Themelting time is notably reduced with inclusion of nano-entities to enhance thermal conductivity.The time spans for melt start and total melt in case of pure PCM are 375 and 4500(s)respectively whereas for the nano mix case,these are 150 and 3000 s.Thus 33%shorter time length is noticed for charging of the PCM trapezoidal matrix with nano entities of Co3O4 aremixed.The results fromsimulation and lab observations depict similar patterns and are in quite close comparison.

Analysis of series RL and RC circuits with time-invariant source using truncated M,Atangana beta and conformable derivatives

Complex processes of the physical world require novel and sophisticated mathematical notions to get deep insights.In this research analysis,two standard mathematical models for the series RL and RC circuits having time-invariant sources taken from the discipline of electrical engineering have been investigated with the help of differential operators known with the name of truncated M-derivative,Atangana beta-derivative,and the conformable derivative operators.The exact solutions for these two models have been found in terms of the transcendental exponential function of time under the truncated M-derivative,Atangana beta-derivative,and the conformable derivative operators.The numerical simulations carried out via MATLAB”9.4.0.813654(R2018a)”have been interpreted to explore new behavior for solutions of the models not possible to obtain through standard classical calculus wherein one is restricted to have integer-order derivatives unlike the differential operators used in the present research study.The models under consideration for the three differential operators have been investigated with varying parameters’values including the differential ordersαandβwhereupon the classical case is resumed forα=β=1 andτ=0.

Sustainable bio-energy generation via the conversion of spent wash using dual chamber microbial fuel cell

Microbial fuel cells(MFCs)are innovative devices that combine microbial processes with electrochemical reactions to convert organic matter in wastewater into electricity while simultaneously treating the wastewater.One such application is the treatment of spent wash,a highly polluting effluent generated from the distillery industry after crude mesh is separated into ethanol and spent wash.Spent wash,also known as distillery effluent or stillage,is a highly challenging wastewater treatment method due to its high chemical oxygen demand(COD),biological oxygen demand(BOD),and total dissolved solids(TDS).These characteristics make it a complex and polluting industrial effluent that requires specialized treatment processes to reduce its environmental impact effectively.However,MFCs have shown promise in treating spent wash,as they can utilize the organic matter in wastewater as a fuel source for microbial growth as well as for electricity generation.For the treatment of spent wash,Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp.was used as a biocatalyst along with 340 mol/L potassium ferricyanide in the cathode chamber and 170 mol/L methylene blue in the anode as a mediator.All tests were conducted by balancing a one-liter volume for power production from spent wash in MFC with the optimal conditions of 10%agarose,pH 8.5,300 mL/min of aeration in the cathode chamber,and 40%(in weight)substrate concentration.At an ideal concentration,the maximum current and power density are roughly 53.41 mA/m^(2)and 72.22 mW/m^(2),respectively.For each litre of processed spent wash,a maximum voltage of 850 mV(4.5 mA)was obtained.Amazingly,91%of COD and BOD were removed from the effluent MFC.These findings show that MFCs are capable of producing electricity and efficiently removing COD from wasted wash at the same time.

Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 epidemic with effect of awareness programs

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-COV-2)is a novel virus that emerged in China in late 2019 and caused a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The epidemic has largely been controlled in China since March 2020,but continues to inflict severe public health and socioeconomic burden in other parts of the world.One of the major reasons for China’s success for the fight against the epidemic is the effectiveness of its health care system and enlightenment(awareness)programs which play a vital role in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic.Nigeria is currently witnessing a rapid increase of the epidemic likely due to its unsatisfactory health care system and inadequate awareness programs.In this paper,we propose a mathematical model to study the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in Nigeria.Our model incorporates awareness programs and different hospitalization strategies for mild and severe cases,to assess the effect of public awareness on the dynamics of COVID-19 infection.We fit the model to the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Nigeria from 29 March to 12 June 2020.We find that the epidemic could increase if awareness programs are not properly adopted.We presumed that the effect of awareness programs could be estimated.Further,our results suggest that the awareness programs and timely hospitalization of active cases are essential tools for effective control and mitigation of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria and beyond.Finally,we perform sensitive analysis to point out the key parameters that should be considered to effectively control the epidemic.