Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit(SAG)and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential(△...Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit(SAG)and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential(△Ψ_m)isolated from rat liver.Methods:Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),reducing power,iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats.Also,the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined.Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD.Results:SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity(IC_(50)/DPPH=275.03±7.8μg/mL).Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration.SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault.SAG protected against Ca^(2+)(110μmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained the△Ψ_m.HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid[(17.54±0.04)mg/g],chlorogenic acid(21.90±0.02 mg/g),caffeic acid(16.64±0.01 mg/g).rutin[(14.71±0.03)mg/g]and quercetin[(7.39±0.05)mg/g].Conclusions:These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract.Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.展开更多
Exploitation of green chemistry approach for the synthesis of Indium Oxide nanoparticles using green synthesis has received a great attention in the field of nanotechnology. To demonstrate a biogenic method that invol...Exploitation of green chemistry approach for the synthesis of Indium Oxide nanoparticles using green synthesis has received a great attention in the field of nanotechnology. To demonstrate a biogenic method that involves the Katira gum (Astragalus gummifer) leading to the formation of different morphological In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> using the precursor Indium (III) Acetylacetonate and TG-DTA is characterised for calcination temperature and it is found to be above 500℃. Different techniques such as XRD, UV-VIS, SEM and EDAX have been used for the characterisation of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of Indiumoxide nanoparticles is determined as 19 nm by using Scherrer’s Equation and PSA and studying optical properties.展开更多
Forensic experts are often expected to provide an opinion on alleged physical or sexual contact between individuals following medicolegal examination of a case of sexual abuse(SA).There are many factors influencing th...Forensic experts are often expected to provide an opinion on alleged physical or sexual contact between individuals following medicolegal examination of a case of sexual abuse(SA).There are many factors influencing the opinion.A retrospective descriptive study was performed to study the factors influencing the medicolegal opinion in SA forensic examination using medical and medicolegal records of alleged SA victims to extract data.Records of 441 victims were studied.A majority,180(40%),presented due to the guardian’s concerns-302(68%)presented for medicolegal examination 72 h after the incident.Recent injuries were observed in only 15%of the victims.Genital injuries were observed in 74%of the victims brought due to concerns of the guardians,with 12 victims having recent injuries.Of the 172 victims who complained of vaginal intercourse,21%had recent injuries.A firm positive medicolegal opinion could be given in 63%of all cases.In 124 individuals,a firm positive or negative opinion could not be given.A majority(n=90,73%)of these individuals did not have any injuries,while 23%had healed injuries.According to the nature of the complaint,in a significant number of victims(53%),no scientific evidence was present to make a firm opinion.The nature of the sexual act and the absence of injuries influence the medicolegal opinion on SA,making it a challenging task for forensic experts.展开更多
基金Educational Trust Fund,Nigeria with grant number ETF/ES/AST&D/AAU/AKUNGBA/1:2011
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit(SAG)and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential(△Ψ_m)isolated from rat liver.Methods:Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),reducing power,iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats.Also,the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined.Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD.Results:SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity(IC_(50)/DPPH=275.03±7.8μg/mL).Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration.SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault.SAG protected against Ca^(2+)(110μmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained the△Ψ_m.HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid[(17.54±0.04)mg/g],chlorogenic acid(21.90±0.02 mg/g),caffeic acid(16.64±0.01 mg/g).rutin[(14.71±0.03)mg/g]and quercetin[(7.39±0.05)mg/g].Conclusions:These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract.Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
文摘Exploitation of green chemistry approach for the synthesis of Indium Oxide nanoparticles using green synthesis has received a great attention in the field of nanotechnology. To demonstrate a biogenic method that involves the Katira gum (Astragalus gummifer) leading to the formation of different morphological In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> using the precursor Indium (III) Acetylacetonate and TG-DTA is characterised for calcination temperature and it is found to be above 500℃. Different techniques such as XRD, UV-VIS, SEM and EDAX have been used for the characterisation of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of Indiumoxide nanoparticles is determined as 19 nm by using Scherrer’s Equation and PSA and studying optical properties.
文摘Forensic experts are often expected to provide an opinion on alleged physical or sexual contact between individuals following medicolegal examination of a case of sexual abuse(SA).There are many factors influencing the opinion.A retrospective descriptive study was performed to study the factors influencing the medicolegal opinion in SA forensic examination using medical and medicolegal records of alleged SA victims to extract data.Records of 441 victims were studied.A majority,180(40%),presented due to the guardian’s concerns-302(68%)presented for medicolegal examination 72 h after the incident.Recent injuries were observed in only 15%of the victims.Genital injuries were observed in 74%of the victims brought due to concerns of the guardians,with 12 victims having recent injuries.Of the 172 victims who complained of vaginal intercourse,21%had recent injuries.A firm positive medicolegal opinion could be given in 63%of all cases.In 124 individuals,a firm positive or negative opinion could not be given.A majority(n=90,73%)of these individuals did not have any injuries,while 23%had healed injuries.According to the nature of the complaint,in a significant number of victims(53%),no scientific evidence was present to make a firm opinion.The nature of the sexual act and the absence of injuries influence the medicolegal opinion on SA,making it a challenging task for forensic experts.
