Breast cancer is posing an increasing burden and has become the cancer with the highest incidence among in women in China.The most common histological subtype of breast cancer is invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)1,2.Duct...Breast cancer is posing an increasing burden and has become the cancer with the highest incidence among in women in China.The most common histological subtype of breast cancer is invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)1,2.Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)is a pre-cancerous lesion that may give rise to IDC.DCIS is a highly heterogeneous group of lesions consisting of 5 main types,which differ in clinical presentation,histologic features,biomarker profiles,genetic abnormalities,progression potential,and clinical outcomes.When cancer cells invade through the basal membrane,they acquire the ability to metastasize.This process is usually accompanied by many genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor suppressors and oncogenes.展开更多
Targeted anticancer drugs block cancer cell growth by interfering with specific signaling pathways vital to carcinogenesis and tumor growth rather than harming all rapidly dividing cells as in cytotoxic chemotherapy.T...Targeted anticancer drugs block cancer cell growth by interfering with specific signaling pathways vital to carcinogenesis and tumor growth rather than harming all rapidly dividing cells as in cytotoxic chemotherapy.The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor(RECIST)system has been used to assess tumor response to therapy via changes in the size of target lesions as measured by calipers,conventional anatomically based imaging modalities such as computed tomography(CT),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and other imaging methods.However,RECIST is sometimes inaccurate in assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy drugs because of the poor correlation between tumor size and treatment-induced tumor necrosis or shrinkage.This approach might also result in delayed identification of response when the therapy does confer a reduction in tumor size.Innovative molecular imaging techniques have rapidly gained importance in the dawning era of targeted therapy as they can visualize,characterize,and quantify biological processes at the cellular,subcellular,or even molecular level rather than at the anatomical level.This review summarizes different targeted cell signaling pathways,various molecular imaging techniques,and developed probes.Moreover,the application of molecular imaging for evaluating treatment response and related clinical outcome is also systematically outlined.In the future,more attention should be paid to promoting the clinical translation of molecular imaging in evaluating the sensitivity to targeted therapy with biocompatible probes.In particular,multimodal imaging technologies incorporating advanced artificial intelligence should be developed to comprehensively and accurately assess cancer-targeted therapy,in addition to RECIST-based methods.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation Committee of China (Grant No. 32171363)the Fujian Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for Social Development (Grant No. 2020YZ016002)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology (Grant No. 3502Z20199047)an open project of Xiamen’s Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Endocrine-Related Cancers (Grant No. XKLEC 2020KF02)Xiamen’s Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Endocrine-Related Cancersthe Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer
文摘Breast cancer is posing an increasing burden and has become the cancer with the highest incidence among in women in China.The most common histological subtype of breast cancer is invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)1,2.Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)is a pre-cancerous lesion that may give rise to IDC.DCIS is a highly heterogeneous group of lesions consisting of 5 main types,which differ in clinical presentation,histologic features,biomarker profiles,genetic abnormalities,progression potential,and clinical outcomes.When cancer cells invade through the basal membrane,they acquire the ability to metastasize.This process is usually accompanied by many genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32171363,82103614,and 81901801)Fujian Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Social Development”(No.2020YZ016002)+5 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2021J05007)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021A1515011180)Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology(Nos.3502Z20194040 and 3502Z20209101)Research Fund of Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer&Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine(XKLEC2020KF01)Youth Fund of Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University(PM202103050001)Xiamen’s Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Endocrine-Related Cancers,and start-up fund from Xiamen University and Shantou Central Hospital Research Incubation Program(201905).We thank Drs.Kang-Lang Lou,Min Wei,Yi-Yang Gao,Xue-Qi Fan,Qiu-Min Deng,Yi-Fei Pei,Hong-Yu Chen,Zhong Luo,Xiao Shen,and Cheng-Xi Li for their kind help in this study.
文摘Targeted anticancer drugs block cancer cell growth by interfering with specific signaling pathways vital to carcinogenesis and tumor growth rather than harming all rapidly dividing cells as in cytotoxic chemotherapy.The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor(RECIST)system has been used to assess tumor response to therapy via changes in the size of target lesions as measured by calipers,conventional anatomically based imaging modalities such as computed tomography(CT),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and other imaging methods.However,RECIST is sometimes inaccurate in assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy drugs because of the poor correlation between tumor size and treatment-induced tumor necrosis or shrinkage.This approach might also result in delayed identification of response when the therapy does confer a reduction in tumor size.Innovative molecular imaging techniques have rapidly gained importance in the dawning era of targeted therapy as they can visualize,characterize,and quantify biological processes at the cellular,subcellular,or even molecular level rather than at the anatomical level.This review summarizes different targeted cell signaling pathways,various molecular imaging techniques,and developed probes.Moreover,the application of molecular imaging for evaluating treatment response and related clinical outcome is also systematically outlined.In the future,more attention should be paid to promoting the clinical translation of molecular imaging in evaluating the sensitivity to targeted therapy with biocompatible probes.In particular,multimodal imaging technologies incorporating advanced artificial intelligence should be developed to comprehensively and accurately assess cancer-targeted therapy,in addition to RECIST-based methods.