Morphological Characteristics of Thymus in the Newborns in Different Climatic and Geographical Conditions of Kyrgyzstan

This paper is describing a detailed study of morphological structures and characteristics newborns thymus in different climatic and geographical conditions of Kara-Balta, Cholpon-Ata, and Bishkek in Kyrgyzstan. Anatomical structure research done on 26 thymuses of newborn corpses. Research results showed that a significant amount of thymuses consisted of lobes with very thin connective tissues between them. It is observed that the Hassall cells were usually located in the medulla part of the thymus after using the coloring by Van-Gieson’s stain visible clear elastic and collagen fibers. In addition, cell population dynamics in a unit of conditional area of cortical substance thymus lobes in newborns determined.

Catamnestic Observation of Premature Newborns with Nervous System Injury in the Kyrgyz Republic

Background: Recently, among child disability disorders nervous system diseases are prevailing 19.5%, while mental disorders are 14.3% and congenital malformations 21%. In most cases, children’s neurological disability is associated with pathology during the perinatal period, while 24% of patients have a cerebral impairment. Premature newborns perished 30 to 35 times more often than in-time newborns, and perinatal mortality in case of premature pregnancies is 30 to 40 times higher than in term delivery. Aim: This article is studying catamnestic observation of premature newborns with nervous system injury and with perinatal pathology in Kyrgyzstan for the period 2020-2021. Preterm newborns’ anthropometric characteristics and main diagnoses associated with diseases in the gestational period were shown. Methods: A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination including premature newborns health dynamic monitoring with gestational age from 28 to 36 weeks, who were treated in the neonatal pathology department of the Regional Maternity Hospital in Osh for the period from 2020-2021 were carried out. Literature review analysis from PubMed database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and clinical trials performed. Results: after clinical examination, it was revealed that pregnancy and childbirth in all mothers of the studied group passed with complications. In mothers of the studying group, the most common pathologies during pregnancy were chronic fetal hypoxia 49 (58.4%), acute respiratory infections 28 (33.4%), the threat of termination of pregnancy 20 (23.9%), preeclampsia 16 (19.11%), sexually transmitted infections 9 (10.8%), pyelonephritis 14 (16.7%), polyhydramnios 9 (10.8%), 71 children (84.6%) were born with asphyxiation and 25 children extracted by cesarean section with varying degrees of severity. Conclusions: Depending on the severity of the perinatal lesion of the nervous system and pathological factor effects, it is very important to start early habilitation measures with preterm newborns who are at risk of developmental delay deviations, and to exit disabling disorders.

Development of Blood Donation Activities in Kyrgyzstan and General Implications for Blood Donation

Objectives: This article is aiming to give an essential informative principle about the development of blood donation activities in Kyrgyzstan. Background: The sequence of blood donation procedure steps before donation, during donation, and after donation was shown and discussed. Methods/Materials: Rhesus factor determination in donors was achieved by “COLICO” method which is based on the use of monoclonal antibodies solution. Results: According to the blood donation activity of donors in Osh, Kyrgyzstan for the 2018 year, it was found that gratuitous donors who donated blood in 6 months were 269, in 9 months were 366, and in 1 year were 499 people. Relative donors who donated blood in 6 months were 3480, in 9 months were 5100, and in 1 year were 6701 people. Active donors donated blood in 6 months were 12, in 9 months were 14 and in 1 year were 17 people. Conclusion: No agglutination was observed in any of the plates for the first blood group;agglutination was observed with anti-A monoclonal antibody solution for the second blood group;agglutination was observed with anti-B monoclonal antibody solution for the third blood group;agglutination was observed with both of anti-A and anti-B monoclonal antibody solutions for the fourth blood group.

Microbiota revolution:How gut microbes regulate our lives

The human intestine is a natural environment ecosystem of a complex of diversified and dynamic microorganisms,determined through a process of competition and natural selection during life.Those intestinal microorganisms called microbiota and are involved in a variety of mechanisms of the organism,they interact with the host and therefore are in contact with the organs of the various systems.However,they play a crucial role in maintaining host homeostasis,also influencing its behaviour.Thus,microorganisms perform a series of biological functions important for human well-being.The host provides the microorganisms with the environment and nutrients,simultaneously drawing many benefits such as their contribution to metabolic,trophic,immunological,and other functions.For these reasons it has been reported that its quantitative and qualitative composition can play a protective or harmful role on the host health.Therefore,a dysbiosis can lead to an association of unfavourable factors which lead to a dysregulation of the physiological processes of homeostasis.Thus,it has previously noted that the gut microbiota can participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases,chronic intestinal inflammation,diabetes mellitus,obesity and atherosclerosis,neurological disorders(e.g.,neurological diseases,autism,etc.)colorectal cancer,and more.