Background: Contraceptive acceptance and utilization in society has been a huge challenge for communities in developing countries. There is a need to support the increase in the utilization of contraception and family...Background: Contraceptive acceptance and utilization in society has been a huge challenge for communities in developing countries. There is a need to support the increase in the utilization of contraception and family planning services. In all this, good knowledge and practice of contraception services will enable women to select the best methods. The study seeks to qualitatively assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraceptive use among women attending postnatal care in a health facility in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State in September 2019. This study utilized Focus Group Discussions among 36 women recruited using the purposive sampling technique. There were four (4) sessions involving nine (9) women per session. Findings: Of the 36 women, a majority (88.9%) had positive perception regarding contraception, all agreed that contraception and family planning is beneficial to families and communities. A majority felt that communities are yet to accept contraception. Most (83.3%) of the women had good knowledge of contraception. Three-quarters (77.8%) of the women have used contraception in the past, and about half (41.7%) are using it currently. Attitude towards adoption of contraceptives after current pregnancy was generally good. About half (52.7%) of the participants stated they required spousal approval before they adopt a method of contraception. Conclusion: There is a need for health agencies, development partners, and government to continue the health education, community sensitization, and support towards making contraception and family planning commodities available and accessible.展开更多
Introduction: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for many diseases, and according to World Health Organization, health care workers can influence positively or negatively the smoking habits of the communi...Introduction: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for many diseases, and according to World Health Organization, health care workers can influence positively or negatively the smoking habits of the community. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and attitudes regarding its control among healthcare workers in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 369 healthcare providers randomly selected in primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities. Data were collected using a self reported questionnaire on cigarette smoking, and were analysed using SPSS Version 21, and statistical significance of association between variables was assessed using chi-square test at p < 0.05. Ethical clearance from University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu and informed written consent was obtained from the participants. Results: Overall, 369 respondents returned the completed questionnaires. 54.2% were males, 75.9% were aged between 20 to 40 years, while their mean age was 27.5 ± 6.2 years. Overall life time prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers was 21.1% with (95% confidence interval 17.3 - 25.6), currently smoking was 6.5% with (95% confidence interval 5.8 - 7.4), while life time prevalence among physicians was 31.7% with (95% ci 28.8 - 33.6). The highest smoking rate was among the internists 72.7% in the physicians group. More smokers significantly agreed that the followings should be banned: cigarette sales (X<sup>2</sup> = 22.134, df = 6, P = 0.003), advertising cigarettes (X<sup>2</sup> = 42.532, df = 28, P = 0.040), cigarettes smoking in restaurants (X<sup>2</sup> = 42.560, df = 20, P = 0.001), and smoking in all enclosed places (X<sup>2</sup> = 33.257, df = 20, P = 0.025), but not statistically significant for health professionals to serve as role models (X<sup>2</sup> = 24.420, df = 8, P = 0.086). Conclusion: Our results showed high percentage of cigarette smoking among healthcare providers. Smoking cessation programs should be introduced among healthcare providers.展开更多
The high population growth rate has been associated with the increased level of poverty, morbidity, mortality, and decreased life expectancy. Modern contraception is an important factor in controlling fertility throug...The high population growth rate has been associated with the increased level of poverty, morbidity, mortality, and decreased life expectancy. Modern contraception is an important factor in controlling fertility through prevention of unintended and unwanted pregnancies. Contraception (birth control) prevents pregnancy by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation. Contraceptive use is still very low in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the levels of fertility and unmet need for family planning are high. The attitude of women toward contraception will usually affect the practice and utilization of contraceptives. The objective of this study is to assess the attitude, prevalence, and factors affecting contraceptive use among women attending Postnatal care in a tertiary health facility in Jos North L. G. A Plateau State, Nigeria. There was a descriptive cross-sectional study done between September to October 2019, with a sample size of 250 women. Respondents were determined using a multi-stage sampling method. Data collection was done using an interviewer-administered, pre-tested, structured questionnaire. The data was collected, entered, and analyzed using IBM Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Most women have a positive attitude 162 (64.8%) toward contraception while 88 (35.2%) had negative attitude toward contraception. Three quarters (75.2%) of women are willing to use contraception. The prevalence of contraceptive use among respondents was 35.6% while the prevalence of previous use of contraceptives among the respondents was 71.2%. Fifty (27.9%) used condom (barrier method), 40 (22.9%) used withdrawal method. Majority of the other respondents were spread across OCPs, injectables and implants. Major factors affecting the use of contraceptives were majorly attributed to informed choice with 60.1%, Partner’s decision (44.1%) and mild or no adverse reaction (12.8%). While major factors preventing use were lack of interest in 69.4%, partners’ decision in 14.9% and fear of side effects 12.5% of respondents. Respondents showed a wide acceptance of family planning services as majority of them see it as beneficial and are willing to go for another method after current pregnancy.展开更多
Background: The sexual health indices of the adolescents are very poor. This study ascertained the factors influencing the sexual behaviour among female adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra state, Nigeria. Method: This was...Background: The sexual health indices of the adolescents are very poor. This study ascertained the factors influencing the sexual behaviour among female adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra state, Nigeria. Method: This was a cross sectional design in which a total of 800 female adolescents were selected from secondary schools in the area using multistage sampling method;and also selected from a major market (for those who were not at school) in the same geographical area using cluster sampling technique. Data were collected from the respondents about socio-demographic profile, reproductive and sexual health knowledge, attitude, behavior, sources of sexual health information. Result: The highest proportion of students who had ever had sex was found among the 16 - 17 years age group while the modal age group was 18 - 19 years for non students. Also “not living with both parents” and poor family background, were markedly associated with increased likelihood to engage in sexual activity. Poverty level was particularly high among the non-student adolescents. Furthermore, wrong knowledge of fertile period, low risk perception of HIV and premarital, and use of condoms among the respondents were all significantly associated with increased chance to engage in sex. The student adolescents got sexuality information mainly from the teachers;as opposed to their non-student counterparts who had youth organization and friends as main sources. Conclusion: Family values, poverty alleviation, change of attitude through appropriate health and sexuality education especially targeting the non-student adolescents are highly recommended. Sexual negotiation skill, accessible formal education for all should be encouraged to create the right sexual behavior among the adolescent girls.展开更多
文摘Background: Contraceptive acceptance and utilization in society has been a huge challenge for communities in developing countries. There is a need to support the increase in the utilization of contraception and family planning services. In all this, good knowledge and practice of contraception services will enable women to select the best methods. The study seeks to qualitatively assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraceptive use among women attending postnatal care in a health facility in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State in September 2019. This study utilized Focus Group Discussions among 36 women recruited using the purposive sampling technique. There were four (4) sessions involving nine (9) women per session. Findings: Of the 36 women, a majority (88.9%) had positive perception regarding contraception, all agreed that contraception and family planning is beneficial to families and communities. A majority felt that communities are yet to accept contraception. Most (83.3%) of the women had good knowledge of contraception. Three-quarters (77.8%) of the women have used contraception in the past, and about half (41.7%) are using it currently. Attitude towards adoption of contraceptives after current pregnancy was generally good. About half (52.7%) of the participants stated they required spousal approval before they adopt a method of contraception. Conclusion: There is a need for health agencies, development partners, and government to continue the health education, community sensitization, and support towards making contraception and family planning commodities available and accessible.
文摘Introduction: Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for many diseases, and according to World Health Organization, health care workers can influence positively or negatively the smoking habits of the community. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and attitudes regarding its control among healthcare workers in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 369 healthcare providers randomly selected in primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities. Data were collected using a self reported questionnaire on cigarette smoking, and were analysed using SPSS Version 21, and statistical significance of association between variables was assessed using chi-square test at p < 0.05. Ethical clearance from University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu and informed written consent was obtained from the participants. Results: Overall, 369 respondents returned the completed questionnaires. 54.2% were males, 75.9% were aged between 20 to 40 years, while their mean age was 27.5 ± 6.2 years. Overall life time prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers was 21.1% with (95% confidence interval 17.3 - 25.6), currently smoking was 6.5% with (95% confidence interval 5.8 - 7.4), while life time prevalence among physicians was 31.7% with (95% ci 28.8 - 33.6). The highest smoking rate was among the internists 72.7% in the physicians group. More smokers significantly agreed that the followings should be banned: cigarette sales (X<sup>2</sup> = 22.134, df = 6, P = 0.003), advertising cigarettes (X<sup>2</sup> = 42.532, df = 28, P = 0.040), cigarettes smoking in restaurants (X<sup>2</sup> = 42.560, df = 20, P = 0.001), and smoking in all enclosed places (X<sup>2</sup> = 33.257, df = 20, P = 0.025), but not statistically significant for health professionals to serve as role models (X<sup>2</sup> = 24.420, df = 8, P = 0.086). Conclusion: Our results showed high percentage of cigarette smoking among healthcare providers. Smoking cessation programs should be introduced among healthcare providers.
文摘The high population growth rate has been associated with the increased level of poverty, morbidity, mortality, and decreased life expectancy. Modern contraception is an important factor in controlling fertility through prevention of unintended and unwanted pregnancies. Contraception (birth control) prevents pregnancy by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation. Contraceptive use is still very low in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the levels of fertility and unmet need for family planning are high. The attitude of women toward contraception will usually affect the practice and utilization of contraceptives. The objective of this study is to assess the attitude, prevalence, and factors affecting contraceptive use among women attending Postnatal care in a tertiary health facility in Jos North L. G. A Plateau State, Nigeria. There was a descriptive cross-sectional study done between September to October 2019, with a sample size of 250 women. Respondents were determined using a multi-stage sampling method. Data collection was done using an interviewer-administered, pre-tested, structured questionnaire. The data was collected, entered, and analyzed using IBM Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Most women have a positive attitude 162 (64.8%) toward contraception while 88 (35.2%) had negative attitude toward contraception. Three quarters (75.2%) of women are willing to use contraception. The prevalence of contraceptive use among respondents was 35.6% while the prevalence of previous use of contraceptives among the respondents was 71.2%. Fifty (27.9%) used condom (barrier method), 40 (22.9%) used withdrawal method. Majority of the other respondents were spread across OCPs, injectables and implants. Major factors affecting the use of contraceptives were majorly attributed to informed choice with 60.1%, Partner’s decision (44.1%) and mild or no adverse reaction (12.8%). While major factors preventing use were lack of interest in 69.4%, partners’ decision in 14.9% and fear of side effects 12.5% of respondents. Respondents showed a wide acceptance of family planning services as majority of them see it as beneficial and are willing to go for another method after current pregnancy.
文摘Background: The sexual health indices of the adolescents are very poor. This study ascertained the factors influencing the sexual behaviour among female adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra state, Nigeria. Method: This was a cross sectional design in which a total of 800 female adolescents were selected from secondary schools in the area using multistage sampling method;and also selected from a major market (for those who were not at school) in the same geographical area using cluster sampling technique. Data were collected from the respondents about socio-demographic profile, reproductive and sexual health knowledge, attitude, behavior, sources of sexual health information. Result: The highest proportion of students who had ever had sex was found among the 16 - 17 years age group while the modal age group was 18 - 19 years for non students. Also “not living with both parents” and poor family background, were markedly associated with increased likelihood to engage in sexual activity. Poverty level was particularly high among the non-student adolescents. Furthermore, wrong knowledge of fertile period, low risk perception of HIV and premarital, and use of condoms among the respondents were all significantly associated with increased chance to engage in sex. The student adolescents got sexuality information mainly from the teachers;as opposed to their non-student counterparts who had youth organization and friends as main sources. Conclusion: Family values, poverty alleviation, change of attitude through appropriate health and sexuality education especially targeting the non-student adolescents are highly recommended. Sexual negotiation skill, accessible formal education for all should be encouraged to create the right sexual behavior among the adolescent girls.
