Artifacts Reduction Using Multi-Scale Feature Attention Network in Compressed Medical Images

Medical image compression is one of the essential technologies to facilitate real-time medical data transmission in remote healthcare applications.In general,image compression can introduce undesired coding artifacts,such as blocking artifacts and ringing effects.In this paper,we proposed a Multi-Scale Feature Attention Network(MSFAN)with two essential parts,which are multi-scale feature extraction layers and feature attention layers to efficiently remove coding artifacts of compressed medical images.Multiscale feature extraction layers have four Feature Extraction(FE)blocks.Each FE block consists of five convolution layers and one CA block for weighted skip connection.In order to optimize the proposed network architectures,a variety of verification tests were conducted using validation dataset.We used Computer Vision Center-Clinic Database(CVC-ClinicDB)consisting of 612 colonoscopy medical images to evaluate the enhancement of image restoration.The proposedMSFAN can achieve improved PSNR gains as high as 0.25 and 0.24 dB on average compared to DnCNNand DCSC,respectively.

3D cell-printing of gradient multi-tissue interfaces for rotator cuff regeneration

Owing to the prevalence of rotator cuff(RC)injuries and suboptimal healing outcome,rapid and functional regeneration of the tendon-bone interface(TBI)after RC repair continues to be a major clinical challenge.Given the essential role of the RC in shoulder movement,the engineering of biomimetic multi-tissue constructs presents an opportunity for complex TBI reconstruction after RC repair.Here,we propose a gradient cell-laden multi-tissue construct combined with compositional gradient TBI-specific bioinks via 3D cell-printing technology.In vitro studies demonstrated the capability of a gradient scaffold system in zone-specific inducibility and multi-tissue formation mimicking TBI.The regenerative performance of the gradient scaffold on RC regeneration was determined using a rat RC repair model.In particular,we adopted nondestructive,consecutive,and tissue-targeted near-infrared fluorescence imaging to visualize the direct anatomical change and the intricate RC regeneration progression in real time in vivo.Furthermore,the 3D cell-printed implant promotes effective restoration of shoulder locomotion function and accelerates TBI healing in vivo.In summary,this study identifies the therapeutic contribution of cell-printed constructs towards functional RC regeneration,demonstrating the translational potential of biomimetic gradient constructs for the clinical repair of multi-tissue interfaces.

Application of 3D bioprinting in the prevention and the therapy for human diseases

Rapid development of vaccines and therapeutics is necessary to tackle the emergence of new pathogens and infectious diseases.To speed up the drug discovery process,the conventional development pipeline can be retooled by introducing advanced in vitro models as alternatives to conventional infectious disease models and by employing advanced technology for the production of medicine and cell/drug delivery systems.In this regard,layer-by-layer construction with a 3D bioprinting system or other technologies provides a beneficial method for developing highly biomimetic and reliable in vitro models for infectious disease research.In addition,the high flexibility and versatility of 3D bioprinting offer advantages in the effective production of vaccines,therapeutics,and relevant delivery systems.Herein,we discuss the potential of 3D bioprinting technologies for the control of infectious diseases.We also suggest that 3D bioprinting in infectious disease research and drug development could be a significant platform technology for the rapid and automated production of tissue/organ models and medicines in the near future.