Conjugation of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Melanogenesis Substrate, NPrCAP Provides Melanoma Targeted, <i>in Situ</i>Peptide Vaccine Immunotherapy through HSP Production by Chemo-Thermotherapy

In order to develop melanoma-targeted in situ peptide vaccine immunotherapy, magnetite nanoparticles were conjugated with a melanogenesis substrate, N-propionyl cysteaminylphenol (NPrCAP). Magnetite nanoparticles introduced thermotherapy which caused non-apoptotic cell death and generation of heat shock protein (HSP) upon exposure to alternating magnetic field (AMF). NPrCAP was expected to develop a melanoma-targeted therapeutic drug because of its selective incorporation into melanoma cells and production of highly reactive free radicals, that result in not only oxidative stress but also apoptotic cell death by reacting with tyrosinase.

克隆痣的临床表现(反向A型痣)

Background. The term "clonal nevus" is used to describe a variant of melanocyt ic nevus that histologically exhibits a localized proliferation of pigmented epi thelioid dermal melanocytes within an otherwise ordinary nevus (Ball NJ, Golitz LE. Melanocytic nevi with focal atypical epithelioid cell components:a review o f seventy-three cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994; 30:724-729). Reports to date have focused on the histologic appearance of these lesions. Aim. To characterize the clinical appearance of clonal nevi. Methods. Clinical and histologic examin ations were performed of a single clonal nevus from each of five patients (two m en and three women; age range, 37-80 years). Results. All nevi were round to ov al in shape with smooth, well-defined borders. They were uniformly tan to light brown in color, except for a single blue-gray to blue-black focus of hyperpig mentation. The diameters of the nevi ranged from 2.5 to 10 mm. In individual nev i, the hyperpigmented focus was either centrally or eccentrically located and me asured 1-2 mm in diameter. Histologically, these lesions showed banal melanocyt es associated with a localized proliferation of melanocytes with abundant pigmen ted cytoplasm in the dermis, admixed with melanophages. Conclusions. The appeara nce of clonal nevi-tan with a focus of blue-gray to blue-black pigmentation- allows one to recognize the lesion clinically.

对CO_2激光治疗皮肤利什曼病的效果评价

Background. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common disease in Iran, espe cially i n the north-east, central and southern parts of the country. Many treatments h ave been suggested for this disease but none is completely effective and without side-effects such as pain, arthralgia and renal or cardiac complications. Las ers have been used for treatment of several skin diseases since 1970, and CO2 la sers are now being used for treatment of leishmaniasis. In this study, a CO2 las er (Sonic 500 machine)-was used as a source of a continuous CO2 laser wave. Me thods. Atotal of 123 patients (68 female and 55male) with 183 lesions were treat ed with the CO2 laser. The maximum power was 100 W and the pulse width was 0.5- 5 s. For the control group, 110 patients (with 250 lesions) were treated with g lucantime 50 mg/kg/day for 15 days and, after 15 days of rest, this treatment wa s repeated (GlucantimeAmps, 1.5 g in a 50- mLsolution,was used). For follow-u p, the patients were visited 1, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment and any complications, recurrences or other wound characteristics were recorded. In the second group, Finally, all collected data were analyzed statistically. Results. Statistical analysis with the χ 2 test showed that treatment with the CO2 lase r was more effective than treatment with glucantime (P=0.0007). Complications we re also seen less often with the laser treatment than with glucantime and were l imited to the ulcer site. The CO2 laser was more effective in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis than glucantime (1.12 times), had fewer side-effects (4.5% vs . 24% ) and resulted in a shorter healing time (1 month vs. 3 months), and trea tment could be applied in a single session. Conclusions. The results of this and previous studies suggest that cutaneous leishmaniasis can be treated effectivel y with CO2 laser if those providing the treatment are sufficiently experienced. Laser treatment is more cost-effective than other treatments and can be used a s first-line therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis (wet and dry types).

日本痣样基底细胞瘤综合征患者PTCH基因的胚系突变

We identified seven novel germline mutations of the PTCH gene in eight unrelat ed Japanese patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). In order to ensure genetic diagnosis, all 23 coding exons of the PTCH gene were amplifie d from genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Mutations w ere found in all eight patients with NBCCS. The mutations detected in this study include one insertion/deletion mutation, one 1-bp insertion, two 1-bp deletio ns, one nonsense mutation and two missense mutations. None of the mutations have been previously reported. Five mutations caused premature stop codons that are predicted to result in a truncated protein. In the two missense mutations, the s trong basic residue arginine was substituted by serine or glycine in highly cons erved components of the putative transmembrane domain of PTCH, and these mutatio ns may therefore affect the conformation and function of the PTCH protein. No ph enotype-genotyperelationshipswerefoundintheJapanese NBCCS patients, consistent with results of previous studies on NBCCS in African-American and Caucasian pat ients.

2例青少年的阴茎皮下环形肉芽肿

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology characterized histologically by dermal palisading granulomas with central degene ration of collagen (necrobiosis). There is a rare subcutaneous clinical variant, this occurring more frequently in children than in adults and very rarely invol ves the penis. We describe 2 cases of penile subcutaneous GA developing in adole scent boys who to our knowledge has not previously been described in literature. Both were initially treated with surgical excision. Circumcision was performed on one of the boys, with subsequent improvement with the resolution of most of t he nodules. Granuloma annulare of the penis is very rare, with only 7 cases repo rted to date [Narouz N, Allan PS, Wade AH. Penile granuloma annulare. Sex Transm Infect 1999;75(3):186-7; Trap R,Wiebe B. Granuloma annulare localised to the s haft of the penis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1993;27(4):549-51; Laird SM. Granuloma annulare of the penis. Genitourin Med 1992;68(4):277; Hillman RJ, Waldron S, Wal ker MM, et al. Granuloma annulare of the penis. Genitourin Med 1992;68(1):47-9; Kossard S, Collins AG,Wegman A, et al. Necrobiotic granulomas localised to the penis: a possible variant of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. J Cutan Pathol 199 0;17(2):101-4] and no previous reports in children or adolescents to our knowle dge. All except one of the cases reported so far were of the subcutaneous (nodul ar) form of GA.

与外套膜细胞淋巴瘤相关的昆虫咬伤样反应:2例报道和文献回顾

Background. An insect bite-like reaction and exaggerated reactions to insec t bites are nonspecific phenomena described primarily in association with chroni c lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but also with other hematological malignancies. Tw o cases of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), one associated with an insect bite-like reaction and the other with a true hypersensitivity to mosquito bites, have pre viously been reported in the English language literature. The pathogenesis of th e skin eruption may be related to the release of different cytokines that also t rigger an IgE elevation and dermal eosinophils. Case report. We describe two add itional cases of MCL associated with an insect bite-like reaction. One patient had been diagnosed with MCL 4.5 years prior to the appearance of the skin erupt ion, and in the other patient the skin symptoms preceded the diagnosis of the MC L by 2 years and led to its diagnosis. Conclusions. Insect bite-like reaction may appear in patients with MCL. It is important to recognize this entity becaus e it may be the presenting sign of MCL.

Secukinumab demonstrates high efficacy and a favorable safety profile over 52 weeks in Chinese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis

Background:Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease,affecting about 0.6%of the Chinese population.Many patients are not well controlled by conventional treatments,thus there is need for new treatment regimens.In this study,we assessed the efficacy and safety of secukinumab in Chinese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.Methods:This study was a 52-week,multicentre,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,parallel-group,Phase 3 trial.A sub-population of study participants(≥18 years)of Chinese ethnicity were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of 300 or 150 mg secukinumab,or placebo.The co-primary endpoints were psoriasis area severity index(PASI)75 and Investigator’s Global Assessment(IGA)0/1 at Week 12.Results:A total of 441 Chinese patients were enrolled in this study.Co-primary outcomes were achieved;300 and 150 mg secukinumab were superior to placebo as shown in the proportion of patients that achieved PASI 75(97.7%and 87.2%vs.3.7%,respectively;P<0.001),and IGA 0/1(82.3%and 69.7%vs.2.7%;P<0.001)at Week 12.Treatment efficacy was maintained until Week 52.There was no increase in overall adverse events with secukinumab relative to placebo throughout the 52-week period.Conclusion:Secukinumab is highly effective and well tolerated in Chinese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.