The purpose of this article is to designate the impact of the implementation of e-governance in municipalities and to suggest some proposals for further growth. More specific, in the first chapter, there is a theoreti...The purpose of this article is to designate the impact of the implementation of e-governance in municipalities and to suggest some proposals for further growth. More specific, in the first chapter, there is a theoretical approach of e-governance by presenting its definition and describing the current situation of the progression of e-governance to these municipalities. In the second chapter, it is presented a comparison between these municipalities about the implementation and progress of e-governance among them. Finally, in the third and last chapter, there are the conclusions and some proposals for future growth of e-governance to these municipalities.展开更多
The present study analyzes the structure and dynamics of the forest landscape in a peri-urban area （Rome, Italy） during the city＇s expansion from 1949 to 2008 using landscape metrics and change detection anal- ysis...The present study analyzes the structure and dynamics of the forest landscape in a peri-urban area （Rome, Italy） during the city＇s expansion from 1949 to 2008 using landscape metrics and change detection anal- ysis of digital maps of the area （1500 km2）. While urban settlements increased continuously from 6.5 to 27.5 % of the study area, woodlands changed less clearly, with a moderate increase （from 11.2 to 11.9 % of the total area） and a higher fragmentation as a consequence of Rome＇s expansion. The structure of forest landscape changed along the urban-to-rural gradient with patch size increasing with the distance to the inner city in 1949 and substantial landscape homogeneity in 2008. The indicators proposed in this study inform dedicated measures for conserving forest and maintaining landscape diversity. Measures adopted in Rome＇s forestation plan to counteract woodlandfragmentation were analyzed and discussed. Based on the complex landscape dynamics found for Rome, an inte- grated multiscale planning approach targeting forest con- servation is considered a key contribution to urban sustainability.展开更多
Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a c...Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a continuous model.The facilities are considered as point-like.The proposed methodology solves these problems by using Voronoi diagrams to define the catchment area and minimizes the average distance traveled by the users.The approach is implemented by loose coupling between the Directed Tabu Search algorithm for continuous nonlinear optimization with constraints and the Geographical Information System where the cost function is evaluated.In the case study example,facilities operate in a hierarchical network consisting of bank branches and Automated Teller Machines(ATM)of a private Greek bank.A new bank branch location and the insertion of an ATM were examined and compared,providing an improvement of 25.6 and 12.8%,respectively.The proposed approach resulted in visualizing the optimum location on the map,providing the ability to study the modifications that occurred.This could be a useful tool in the hands of practitioners and provide new options in the decision-making process.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this article is to designate the impact of the implementation of e-governance in municipalities and to suggest some proposals for further growth. More specific, in the first chapter, there is a theoretical approach of e-governance by presenting its definition and describing the current situation of the progression of e-governance to these municipalities. In the second chapter, it is presented a comparison between these municipalities about the implementation and progress of e-governance among them. Finally, in the third and last chapter, there are the conclusions and some proposals for future growth of e-governance to these municipalities.
文摘The present study analyzes the structure and dynamics of the forest landscape in a peri-urban area （Rome, Italy） during the city＇s expansion from 1949 to 2008 using landscape metrics and change detection anal- ysis of digital maps of the area （1500 km2）. While urban settlements increased continuously from 6.5 to 27.5 % of the study area, woodlands changed less clearly, with a moderate increase （from 11.2 to 11.9 % of the total area） and a higher fragmentation as a consequence of Rome＇s expansion. The structure of forest landscape changed along the urban-to-rural gradient with patch size increasing with the distance to the inner city in 1949 and substantial landscape homogeneity in 2008. The indicators proposed in this study inform dedicated measures for conserving forest and maintaining landscape diversity. Measures adopted in Rome＇s forestation plan to counteract woodlandfragmentation were analyzed and discussed. Based on the complex landscape dynamics found for Rome, an inte- grated multiscale planning approach targeting forest con- servation is considered a key contribution to urban sustainability.
文摘Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical network.The locational optimization problem is approached with a continuous model.The facilities are considered as point-like.The proposed methodology solves these problems by using Voronoi diagrams to define the catchment area and minimizes the average distance traveled by the users.The approach is implemented by loose coupling between the Directed Tabu Search algorithm for continuous nonlinear optimization with constraints and the Geographical Information System where the cost function is evaluated.In the case study example,facilities operate in a hierarchical network consisting of bank branches and Automated Teller Machines(ATM)of a private Greek bank.A new bank branch location and the insertion of an ATM were examined and compared,providing an improvement of 25.6 and 12.8%,respectively.The proposed approach resulted in visualizing the optimum location on the map,providing the ability to study the modifications that occurred.This could be a useful tool in the hands of practitioners and provide new options in the decision-making process.
