Five researchers reported on their studies to quantify and objectify traditional medicine at the symposium 'Verification of Traditional Chinese Medicine' during the 2016 annual meeting of the Japan Traditional...Five researchers reported on their studies to quantify and objectify traditional medicine at the symposium 'Verification of Traditional Chinese Medicine' during the 2016 annual meeting of the Japan Traditional Chinese Medicine Association.Takao Namiki reported on a methodology to quantify tongue diagnosis.Tetsuhiro Yoshino presented work on predictive prescribing two Kampo formulas for dysmenorrhea,Tangkuei and Peony Powder (Danggui Shaoyao San) and Cinnamon Twig and Poria Pill (Guizhi Fuling Wan).Koh Iwasaki presented work on validation of a questionnaire for assessing qi stagnation and Mitsuyuki Takamura reported on application of the questionnaire to evaluate the efficacy of Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction (Banxia Houpo Tang).Kaoru Sakatani presented research on near-infrared spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for wei bing,a concept of pre-symptomatic state in traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Interstitial fluid movement in the brain parenchyma has been suggested to contribute to sustaining the metabolism in brain parenchyma and maintaining the function of neurons and glial cells.The pulsatile hydrostatic p...Interstitial fluid movement in the brain parenchyma has been suggested to contribute to sustaining the metabolism in brain parenchyma and maintaining the function of neurons and glial cells.The pulsatile hydrostatic pressure gradient may be one of the driving forces of this bulk flow.However,osmotic pressure- related factors have not been studied until now.In this prospective observational study,to elucidate the relationship between osmolality (mOsm/kg) in the serum and that in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),we simultaneously measured the serum and CSF osmolality of 179 subjects with suspected neurological conditions.Serum osmolality was 283.6 ± 6.5 mOsm/kg and CSF osmolality was 289.5 ± 6.6 mOsm/kg.Because the specific gravity of serum and CSF is known to be 1.024–1.028 and 1.004–1.007,respectively,the estimated average of osmolarity (mOsm/L) in the serum and CSF covered exactly the same range (i.e.,290.5–291.5 mOsm/L).There was strong correlation between CSF osmolality and serum osmolality,but the difference in osmolality between serum and CSF was not correlated with serum osmolality,serum electrolyte levels,protein levels,or quotient of albumin.In conclusion,CSF osmolarity was suggested to be equal to serum osmolarity.Osmolarity is not one of the driving forces of this bulk flow.Other factors such as hydrostatic pressure gradient should be used to explain the mechanism of bulk flow in the brain parenchyma.This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Tohoku University Hospital (approval No.IRB No.2015-1-257) on July 29,2015.展开更多
文摘Five researchers reported on their studies to quantify and objectify traditional medicine at the symposium 'Verification of Traditional Chinese Medicine' during the 2016 annual meeting of the Japan Traditional Chinese Medicine Association.Takao Namiki reported on a methodology to quantify tongue diagnosis.Tetsuhiro Yoshino presented work on predictive prescribing two Kampo formulas for dysmenorrhea,Tangkuei and Peony Powder (Danggui Shaoyao San) and Cinnamon Twig and Poria Pill (Guizhi Fuling Wan).Koh Iwasaki presented work on validation of a questionnaire for assessing qi stagnation and Mitsuyuki Takamura reported on application of the questionnaire to evaluate the efficacy of Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction (Banxia Houpo Tang).Kaoru Sakatani presented research on near-infrared spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for wei bing,a concept of pre-symptomatic state in traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘Interstitial fluid movement in the brain parenchyma has been suggested to contribute to sustaining the metabolism in brain parenchyma and maintaining the function of neurons and glial cells.The pulsatile hydrostatic pressure gradient may be one of the driving forces of this bulk flow.However,osmotic pressure- related factors have not been studied until now.In this prospective observational study,to elucidate the relationship between osmolality (mOsm/kg) in the serum and that in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),we simultaneously measured the serum and CSF osmolality of 179 subjects with suspected neurological conditions.Serum osmolality was 283.6 ± 6.5 mOsm/kg and CSF osmolality was 289.5 ± 6.6 mOsm/kg.Because the specific gravity of serum and CSF is known to be 1.024–1.028 and 1.004–1.007,respectively,the estimated average of osmolarity (mOsm/L) in the serum and CSF covered exactly the same range (i.e.,290.5–291.5 mOsm/L).There was strong correlation between CSF osmolality and serum osmolality,but the difference in osmolality between serum and CSF was not correlated with serum osmolality,serum electrolyte levels,protein levels,or quotient of albumin.In conclusion,CSF osmolarity was suggested to be equal to serum osmolarity.Osmolarity is not one of the driving forces of this bulk flow.Other factors such as hydrostatic pressure gradient should be used to explain the mechanism of bulk flow in the brain parenchyma.This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Tohoku University Hospital (approval No.IRB No.2015-1-257) on July 29,2015.
