Dual-tree complex wavelet transform and super-resolution based video inpainting application to object removal and error concealment

Video inpainting is a technique that fills in the missing regions or gaps in a video by using its known pixels.The existing video inpainting algorithms are computationally expensive and introduce seam in the target region that arises due to variation in brightness or contrast of the patches.To overcome these drawbacks,the authors propose a novel two-stage framework.In the first step,sub-bands of wavelets of a low-resolution image are obtained using the dualtree complex wavelet transform.Criminisi algorithm and auto-regression technique are then applied to these subbands to inpaint the missing regions.The fuzzy logic-based histogram equalisation is used to further enhance the image by preserving the image brightness and improve the local contrast.In the second step,the image is enhanced using super-resolution technique.The process of down-sampling,inpainting and subsequently enhancing the video using the super-resolution technique reduces the video inpainting time.The framework is tested on video sequences by comparing and analysing the structural similarity index matrix,peak-signal-to-noise ratio,visual information fidelity in pixel domain and execution time with the state-of-the-art algorithms.The experimental analysis gives visually pleasing results for object removal and error concealment.

Robust backstepping global integral terminal sliding mode controller to enhance dynamic stability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids

In this paper,a Backstepping Global Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller(BGITSMC)with the view to enhancing the dynamic stability of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid has been presented.The proposed approach controls the switch-ing signals of the inverter,interlinking the DC-bus with the AC-bus in an AC/DC microgrid for a seamless interface and regulation of the output power of renewable energy sources(Solar Photovoltaic unit,PMSG-based wind farm),and Battery Energy Storage System.The proposed control approach guarantees the dynamic stability of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid by regulating the associated states of the microgrid system to their intended values.The dynamic stabil-ity of the microgrid system with the proposed control law has been proved using the Control Lyapunov Function.A simulation analysis was performed on a test hybrid AC/DC microgrid system to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control strategy in terms of maintaining power balance while the system’s operating point changed.Furthermore,the superiority of the proposed approach has been demonstrated by comparing its performance with the existing Sliding Mode Control(SMC)approach for a hybrid AC/DC microgrid.

Multiuser Detection for MIMO-OFDM system in Underwater Communication Using a Hybrid Bionic Binary Spotted Hyena Optimizer

Multi Access Interference (MAI) is the main source limiting the capacity and quality of the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system which fulfills the demand of high-speed transmission rate and high quality of service for future underwater acoustic (UWA) communication. Multi User Detection (MUD) is needed to overcome the performance degradation caused by MAI. In this research, both local and global optimal solutions are obtained in Bionic Binary Spotted Hyena Optimizer (BBSHO) algorithm using the Position Coordinate Vectors (PCVs) of the social behavior of spotted hyenas to achieve MUD. Further, Extremal Optimization (EO) is introduced in BBSHO algorithm to improve the local search ability within the search space. Hence, a hybrid BBSHO algorithm is proposed for achieving MUD at the receiver of the MIMO-OFDM system whose transceiver model in underwater is implemented using BELLHOP simulation system. By MATLAB simulation, it is shown that the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms with best optimal solution within the search space towards MUD for Interference to Noise Ratio (INR) at 10 dB, 20 dB, and 40 dB over conventional detectors and metaheuristic approaches such as Binary Spotted Hyena Optimizer (BSHO), Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) in the UWA network.

Area-Optimized BCD-4221 VSLI Adder Architecture for High-Performance Computing

Decimal arithmetic circuits are promising to provide a solution for accurate decimal arithmetic operations which are not possible with binary arithmetic circuits.They can be used in banking,commercial and financial transactions,scientific measurements,etc.This article presents the Very Large Scale Integration(VLSI)design of Binary Coded Decimal(BCD)-4221 area-optimized adder architecture using unconventional BCD-4221 representation.Unconventional BCD number representations such as BCD4221 also possess the additional advantage of more effectively representing the 10's complement representation which can be used to accelerate the decimal arithmetic operations.The design uses a binary Carry Lookahead Adder(CLA)along with some other logic blocks which are required to perform internal calculations with BCD-4221 numbers.The design is verified by using Xilinx Vivado 2016.1.Synthesis results have been obtained by Cadence Genus16.1 synthesis tool using 90 nm technology.The performance parameters such as area,power,delay,and area-delay Product(ADP)are compared with earlier reported circuits.Our proposed circuit shows significant area and ADP improvement over existing designs.

A two-dimensional analytical-model-based comparative threshold performance analysis of SOI-SON MOSFETs

A generalized threshold voltage model based on two-dimensional Poisson analysis has been developed for SOI/SON MOSFETs.Different short channel field effects,such as fringing fields,junction-induced lateral fields and substrate fields,are carefully investigated,and the related drain-induced barrier-lowering effects are incorporated in the analytical threshold voltage model.Through analytical model-based simulation,the threshold voltage roll-off and subthreshold slope for both structures are compared for different operational and structural parameter variations.Results of analytical simulation are compared with the results of the ATLAS 2D physics-based simulator for verification of the analytical model.The performance of an SON MOSFET is found to be significantly different from a conventional SOI MOSFET.The short channel effects are found to be reduced in an SON,thereby resulting in a lower threshold voltage roll-off and a smaller subthreshold slope.This type of analysis is quite useful to figure out the performance improvement of SON over SOI structures for next generation short channel MOS devices.