Subclavian artery stenting via bilateral radial artery access:Four case reports

BACKGROUND Subclavian artery stenosis refers to the stenosis in the lumen caused by the presence of plaque or thrombus in the subclavian artery.It is a common problem in endovascular interventions.In fact,conventional subclavian artery stenting via the femoral artery approach is effective and safe.Nevertheless,because femoral artery puncture is not easy to stop bleeding,it requires longer femoral artery compression or more expensive hemostatic materials,such as staplers.Patients need to be catheterized and bedridden for a longer time,which may lead to many complications,such as pseudoaneurysm.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we reported a new interventional therapy of subclavian artery.From March 1,2020 to August 31,2021,we operated on four patients with subclavian artery stenting via bilateral radial artery access.CONCLUSION After reviewing four cases of successful placement of clavicular artery stents via bilateral radial arteries,we concluded that bilateral radial artery approach is feasible.Clavicular artery stenting is safe,effective,and timesaving.It is an excellent alternative to the traditional femoral artery procedure,with few complications and high comfort degree.

Study on lightning risk assessment and early warning for UHV DC transmission channel

Operation data show lightning faults account for>70%for the main ultra-high voltage(UHV)DC transmission channels,very different from the design view.In order to accurately master the lightning characteristics and the lightning protection performance of the line so as to propose solutions to weak points,this study firstly obtains and analyses the density and strength distributions of lightning risk source.Then the study proposes a set of risk assessment process where the key model electrogeometric model is improved according to the polarity effect of DC line.Then the work realises the calculation of the lightning shielding failure risk of single tower and whole line.The example shows the assessment result is consistent to the line's actual operation.Next,to further evaluate and predict the lightning risk in real time,the study adopts the backpropagation neural network algorithm to integrate the lightning detection data,atmospheric electric fields,and radar echoes to develop the early warning model of lightning risk source,and proposed a method to realise the early warning of lightning damage risk for UHV DC channels.The results show that the effective warning ratio is 73%and the failure-to-warn ratio is 27%which indicates very good application effects.

Practical decoy-state quantum key distribution method considering dark count rate fluctuation

Considering fluctuant dark count rate in practical quantum key distribution(QKD) system,a new decoy-state method with one vacuum state and one weak decoy state is presented based on a heralded single photon source(HSPS).The method assumes that the dark count rate of each pulse is random and independent.The lower bound of the count rate and the upper bound of the error rate of a single photon state are estimated.The method is applied to the decoy-state QKD system with and without the fluctuation of dark count rate.Because the estimation of the upper bound of a single photon state's error rate is stricter,the method can obtain better performance than the existing methods under the same condition of implementation.