Postoperative Complications in the General Surgery Department of the Cs Ref of Commune I of the District of Bamako Mali

Postoperative complications represent important indicators for the quality of surgical care. The objectives of this work were to study post-operative complications in the general surgery department of the Cs ref of commune I in Mali, to determine the frequency of post-operative complications, to identify the factors of occurrence, to describe the clinical aspects, diagnostic and therapeutic in order to assess the additional cost linked to post-operative complications. This study was prospective, carried out in the general surgery department on 300 cases of surgical interventions. It covered all patients aged at least 15 years, operated on and hospitalized or not, and who presented complications during the 30 days postoperatively. Patients under the age of 15 were not included (our general surgery department is not a pediatric surgery department). We collected 300 patients among whom 199 (66.33%) were men and 101 (33.66%) women, i.e. a sex ratio = 1.9. The average age was 38 years with extremes of 15 and 87 years. The main initial diagnoses were: acute appendicitis, peritonitis, occlusions, wall hernias, hemorrhoids, uterine prolapse, uterine myomas, ovarian cysts and acute cholecystitis. Emergencies represented 43% (N = 129) of interventions with 6.98% post-operative complications (POC). Postoperative complications were dominated by surgical site infections, 75% of cases (N = 20), wall hemorrhage 5% (N = 1), testicular necrosis 5% (N = 1) and testicular calcification 5% (N = 1), wire rejection 5% (N = 1) and death 5% (N = 1). The management of postoperative complications was surgical in 95% and medical in 100%. Their occurrence extended the hospital stay by 3.65 days and increased the average cost of care by 60541.85 CFA francs. The mortality index lowered by efficient management of complications (IMAGE) calculated in relation to deaths was 95% of cases. Anemia, ASA score ≥ III, Alteimeir II and IV classes, duration of surgery and post-operative hospitalization were factors contributing to post-operative complications.

Study of Hemorrhoid Disease in the Department of General Surgery of the Cs Ref of the Commune I Bamako

This work was a retrospective prospective study carried out in the general surgery department of the Cs ref of commune I from January 2009 to December 2012. Our study aimed to determine the hospital frequency of hemorrhoidal disease, to identify the contributing factors, describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects and analyze the surgical consequences. We collected 73 patients with an average age of 37.8 years (range: 19 years and 77 years) with a sex ratio of 2.5 in favor of men. We operated on 49 patients or 67.1% of cases. 71.2% of our patients were married and lived in Bamako. Schoolchildren and middle managers made up 39.8% of cases. 82.2% of patients were seen in ordinary consultation and 69.9% complained of progressive anal pain in 66.7% of cases. This pain was triggered by defecation in 88.2% of our patients. The contributing factors were dominated by constipation (53.4%), working in a seated position (41.1%) and a sedentary lifestyle (16.4%) of cases. Stage IV external hemorrhoids and hemorrhoidal thrombosis represented 53.8% of surgical indications. The most used surgical technique was that of Milligan-Morgan, i.e. 51.9% of cases and 45.2% of patients treated medically received a combination of transit regulator, venotonics and analgesics. The surgical aftermath was marked by hemorrhage (3 cases), delayed healing (5 cases), urinary retention (1 case) and scarring anal stenosis (1 case). The morbidity rate was 5.48% of cases and a zero mortality rate. The average length of hospitalization was 2 days with extremes of 1 and 5 days.

Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Inguinal Hernia in Children in the General Surgery Department of Reference Health Center in Commune I of Bamako Mali

Inguinal hernia in children is a congenital pathology in children linked to the persistence of the peritoneo-vaginal canal in children and the NüCK canal in girls;persisting into adulthood. This work aimed to study inguinal hernia in children in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of the Bamako District;to determine the frequency of inguinal hernia;describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of inguinal hernias and in order to evaluate the cost of treatment. This was a prospective study from April 2017 to March 2018 during which 60 children with an inguinal hernia were collected. Inguinal hernias in children represented 9.23% of patients operated on in the department. The average age was 59.23 months with extremes of one month and 180 months and a standard deviation of 49.23 years. The male sex was dominant with a sex ratio equal to 9:1. The notion of prematurity was found in 11.7% and was associated with a testicle not in place in 1.7% of cases. 41.7% of our patients were referred by a doctor and 66.7% of patients presented with painless, intermittent inguino-scrotal swelling (83.3% of cases). The hernia was discovered before one week of life in 50% of cases. Inguinal swelling was absent in 11.7% but observed intraoperatively. The inguinal hernia was unilateral in 91.7% of cases and 70% of hernias were discovered by the parents during pushing efforts. The inguinal hernia was located on the right in 61.7% of cases. The hernia swelling was soft, painless, impulsive and reducible in 78.3% of cases. The swelling was inguino-scrotal in 58.3% of cases. The hernia was simple in 95% of patients and hernial strangulation was observed in 3 cases or 5% of cases. 98.3% of patients were ASA I. The treatment was carried out openly in all our patients including closure of the vaginal peritoneal canal in 95% of cases under general anesthesia in 98.3% of cases. The morbidity rate was 8.4% (surgical site infection: 6.7% of cases and hematoma: 1.7%). The immediate consequences were simple in 96.6% of cases. No cases of recurrence occurred during the 6 months after the intervention. The average cost of care was estimated at 69,743 FCFA.

Vulvectomy: Indications and Results in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen Chu Hospital in Conakry

Introduction: The aim of this study was to report the indications and evaluate the results of vulvectomy in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted over a period of five (05) years from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. We included in our study all patient records in whom vulvectomy was performed. Results: We recorded 15 cases of vulvectomy out of 453 perineal surgeries, i.e. 3.31%, with a mean age of 43.56 years and extremes of 35 and 69 years. Vulvar cancer was the most common diagnosis (46.67%), followed by Buschke-Lowenstein (33.33%) and anal canal cancer extending to the vulva (20%). Six patients had undergone biopsy (40%). Vulvectomy with lymph node dissection was performed in only 9 patients (60%), and all surgical specimens were sent to anatomical pathology (100%). Conclusion: Vulvectomy is a surgical technique most often indicated for the treatment of vulvar cancer.

Review of Two Years of Surgical Activities of the General Surgery Department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako Mali

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.

Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Management in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry University Hospital

Introduction: The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the quality of GEUR management in the general surgery department and in the maternity ward of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Methodology: This was a retrospective, descriptive study lasting two years (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022), carried out in the general surgery and gyneco-obstetrics departments of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. We included all patients with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy who received surgical treatment during the study period. Results: We collected 13,524 cases of surgical interventions in the two services, among them, we recorded 89 cases or 0.66% GEUR. The average age of the patients was 24.26 years. Brides were the most represented with 80.96% of cases. Women practicing a liberal profession were 51.69% (n = 46) and housewives 26.97% (n = 24). Clinically, amenorrhea was noted in all patients, i.e. 100%, abdominal-pelvic pain in 95.2% (n = 85) of cases, metrorrhagia in 94.08% (n = 84), abdominal-pelvic sensitivity in 97.44% (n = 87) of cases and anemia in 85.39% of cases. The GEUR was ampullary in 69.66% (n = 62) cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 90.72% (n = 81). The surgical outcomes were satisfactory in 98.87% (n = 88) of cases. We recorded one case of surgical site infection. We have not recorded any deaths. The average length of hospitalization was 4 days. Conclusion: GEUR is relatively high in our context. A good understanding of the prognostic factors of GEUR, awareness and family planning could reduce GEUR.

Satisfaction of Patients Operated on and Hospitalized in the Surgery Department of the Referral Health Center of Commune I in the District of Bamako (Resource-Limited Health District)

Introduction: Evaluating the quality of care offered is a reliable indicator of the effectiveness of a health system. Developing countries are still lagging behind in implementing these principles. This work aims to evaluate the satisfaction of patients operated on and hospitalized in the surgery department at the municipality’s reference health center over a period of 6 months (June 2020 to December 2020). Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative, qualitative, transversal and evaluative study over a period of 6 months based on a self-administered questionnaire to patients who underwent surgery and were hospitalized in the surgery department of the reference health center of commune I upon leaving their hospitalization. The questions are structured around welcome, respect and privacy, care, accommodation conditions as well as overall satisfaction. Results: The survey included 260 patients, 60.8% of whom were male. The 31 - 40 year old age group was in the majority and the majority had completed primary education (42.3%). Married patients were the majority, i.e. 60.4% of cases. Patients were not insured in 66.5% of cases. Almost all of the patients surveyed found that the welcome, care, waiting time, respect and privacy were satisfactory. On the other hand, patients found the rooms and beds uncomfortable. Conclusion: The satisfaction survey reveals worrying data regarding the comfort of patients who must challenge caregivers in healthcare structures. Decision-makers should find useful information there to improve the quality of care.

Digestive Surgical Emergencies in the General Surgery Department of the Reference Health Center in Commune I of the District of Bamako in Mali

Digestive surgical emergencies concern all patients admitted urgently and for whom a decision for surgical intervention may be necessary within 24 hours. They are on guard duty day and night. To carry out this work we have set ourselves the following objectives: Study digestive surgical emergencies in the general surgery department of the Cs ref CI of Bamako;Determine the frequency of digestive surgical emergencies;Describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects, and Analyze the results of treatment. From January 2016 to December 2016, the general surgery department of the Cs ref CI of Bamako carried out 200 digestive surgical emergencies whose files were usable;119 men and 81 women, a sex ratio of 1.5. The average age was 32.67 years;66% medical evacuation. Abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation. In the majority of cases, the physical examination made it possible to make the diagnosis. Faced with certain doubtful cases, we requested paraclinical examinations (ultrasound, ASP and the rhesus group). The main etiology was acute appendicitis with 59% of cases. The frequency of digestive surgical emergencies was 35.1% of all activities of the general surgery department of the Cs ref CI of Bamako. The postoperative course was complicated in 4% of cases. Surgical site infections were the most common postoperative complications, accounting for 3% of our patients. One death was noted, i.e. 0.5% of our sample. Acute peritonitis was the cause of death in 100% of cases.

Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas:A systematic review of clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of 1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery

Background:Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors(SPTs)are rare clinical entity,with low malignancy and still unclear pathogenesis.They account for less than 2%of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms.This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs.Data sources:MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for the main clinical,surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs up to April 2021,in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)standards.Primary endpoints were to analyze treatments and oncological outcomes.Results:A total of 823 studies were recorded,86 studies underwent full-text reviews and 28 met inclusion criteria.Overall,1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery.Mean age was 30 years and 1181 patients(85.3%)were female.The most common clinical presentation was non-specific abdominal pain(52.6%of cases).Mean overall survival was 98.1%.Mean recurrence rate was 2.8%.Mean follow-up was 4.2 years.Conclusions:Pancreatic SPTs are rare,and predominantly affect young women with unclear pathogenesis.Radical resection is the gold standard of treatment achieving good oncological impact and a favorable prognosis in a yearly life-long follow-up.

Nomogram model including LATS2 expression was constructed to predict the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer after surgery

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Prognostic assessments are typically based on the tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)staging system,which does not account for the molecular heterogeneity of this disease.LATS2,a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Hippo signaling pathway,has been identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer.AIM To construct and validate a nomogram model that includes LATS2 expression to predict the survival prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients following ra-dical surgery,and compare its predictive performance with traditional TNM staging.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 245 advanced gastric cancer patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University was conducted.The patients were divided into a training group(171 patients)and a validation group(74 patients)to deve-lop and test our prognostic model.The performance of the model was determined using C-indices,receiver operating characteristic curves,calibration plots,and decision curves.RESULTS The model demonstrated a high predictive accuracy with C-indices of 0.829 in the training set and 0.862 in the validation set.Area under the curve values for three-year and five-year survival prediction were significantly robust,suggesting an excellent discrimination ability.Calibration plots confirmed the high concordance between the predictions and actual survival outcomes.CONCLUSION We developed a nomogram model incorporating LATS2 expression,which significantly outperformed conven-tional TNM staging in predicting the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients postsurgery.This model may serve as a valuable tool for individualized patient management,allowing for more accurate stratification and im-proved clinical outcomes.Further validation in larger patient cohorts will be necessary to establish its generaliza-bility and clinical utility.

Local excision of early rectal cancer: A multi-centre experience of transanal endoscopic microsurgery from the United Kingdom

BACKGROUND Total mesorectal excision remains the gold standard for the management of rectal cancer however local excision of early rectal cancer is gaining popularity due to lower morbidity and higher acceptance by the elderly and frail patients.AIM To investigate the results of local excision of rectal cancer by transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEMS)approach carried out at three large cancer centers in the United Kingdom.METHODS TEMS database was retrospectively reviewed to assess demographics,operative findings and post operative clinical and oncological outcomes.This is a retro-spective review of the prospective databases,which included all patients operated with TEMS approach,for early rectal cancer(Node-negative T1-T2),selected T3 in unfit/frail patients.RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-two patients underwent TEMS surgery.This included 144 males(64.9%)and 78 females(35.1%),Median age was 71 years.The median distance of the tumours from the anal verge 4.5 cm.Median tumour size was 2.6 cm.The most frequent operative position of the patient was lithotomy(32.3%),Full-thickness rectal wall excision was done in 204 patients.Median operating time was 90 minutes.Average blood loss was minimal.There were two 90-day mortalities.Complete excision of the tumour with free microscopic margins by>1mm were accomplished in 171 patients(76.7%).Salvage total mesorectal excision was performed in 42 patients(19.8%).Median disease-free survival was 65 months(range:3-146 months)(82.8%),and median overall survival was 59 months(0-146 months).CONCLUSION TEMS provides a promising option for early rectal cancers(Large adenomas-cT1/cT2N0),and selected therapy-responding cancers.Full-thickness complete excision of the tumour is mandatory to avoid jeopardising the oncological outcomes.

Resection of polyps involving the appendiceal orifice by combined endo-laparoscopic surgery: Two case reports

BACKGROUND The management of polyps involving the appendiceal orifice(AO)presents notable challenges.Endoscopic resection is frequently hindered by operational complexities,a heightened risk of incomplete removal,and an elevated risk of procedural complications,including appendicitis.Conversely,surgical resection may entail unnecessary excision of intestinal segments,leading to potential morbidity.CASE SUMMARY Here,we reported two patients who presented with polyps deeply situated within the AO,with indistinct boundaries making it challenging to ensure completeness using traditional endoscopic resection.To overcome these challenges,we em-ployed combined endo-laparoscopic surgery(CELS),achieving curative resection without postoperative complications.CONCLUSION The application of CELS in managing polyps involving the AO is emerging as a safe and effective treatment modality.

Effect of Continuous Double-Lumen Irrigation Drainage at Constant Temperature on the Control of Abdominal Infection After Surgery

Objective:To investigate the effect of continuous double-lumen irrigation drainage at constant temperature on the control of abdominal infection after surgery,providing a reference for clinical treatment.Methods:From December 2022 to August 2023,100 patients with abdominal infections after surgery were selected from Wendeng People's Hospital in Weihai.They were randomly divided into a control group(50 cases,using conventional single-hole rubber irrigation drainage)and an observation group(50 cases,using continuous double-lumen irrigation drainage at constant temperature).The inflammatory and immune indicators of the two groups were compared after different interventions,and the specific conditions of abdominal infection were statistically analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in inflammatory indicators between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,the inflammatory indicators of the observation group were significantly lower(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in immune function indicators between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the immune function indicators of the observation group showed significant improvement(P<0.05).The control of abdominal infection in the observation group was better than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Continuous double-lumen rrigation drainage at constant temperature has a better effect on controlling abdominal infection after surgery,improving the infection condition,and enhancing the immune function of patients.

Metastatic clear cell sarcoma of the pancreas:A rare case report

BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma.The most common metastatic sites for CCS are the lungs,bones and brain.CCS is highly invasive and mainly metastasizes to the lung,followed by the bone and brain;however,pancreatic metastasis is relatively rare.CASE SUMMARY We report on a rare case of CCS with pancreatic metastasis in a 47-year-old man.The patient had a relevant medical history 3 years ago,with abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestation.No abnormalities were observed on physical examination and the tumor was found on abdominal computed tomography.Based on the medical history and postoperative pathology,the patient was diagnosed with CCS with pancreatic metastasis.The patient was successfully treated with surgical interventions,including distal pancreatectomy and sple-nectomy.CONCLUSION This report summarizes the available treatment modalities for CCS and the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for patients with CCS.

Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of liver malignancies: Progress and challenges

Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.

Revolutionizing gastric cancer treatment:The potential of immunotherapy

Gastric cancer,a prevalent malignancy worldwide,ranks sixth in terms of frequency and third in fatality,causing over a million new cases and 769000 annual deaths.Predominant in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia,risk factors include family medical history,dietary habits,tobacco use,Helicobacter pylori,and Epstein-Barr virus infections.Unfortunately,gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage,leading to a grim prognosis,with a 5-year overall survival rate below 5%.Surgical intervention,particularly with D2 Lymphadenectomy,is the mainstay for early-stage cases but offers limited success.For advanced cases,the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends chemotherapy,radiation,and targeted therapy.Emerging immunotherapy presents promise,especially for unresectable or metastatic cases,with strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors,tumor vaccines,adoptive immunotherapy,and nonspecific immunomodulators.In this Editorial,with regards to the article“Advances and key focus areas in gastric cancer immunotherapy:A comprehensive scientometric and clinical trial review”,we address the advances in the field of immunotherapy in gastric cancer and its future prospects.

Pathologically successful conversion hepatectomy for advanced giant hepatocellular carcinoma after multidisciplinary therapy:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of death due to its complexity,heterogeneity,rapid metastasis and easy recurrence after surgical resection.We demonstrated that combination therapy with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE),hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC),Epclusa,Lenvatinib and Sintilimab is useful for patients with advanced HCC.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old man who was infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV)30 years previously was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain.Enhanced computed tomography(CT)revealed a low-density mass in the right lobe of the liver,with a volume of 12.9 cm×9.4 cm×15 cm,and the mass exhibited a“fast-in/fast-out”pattern,with extensive filling defect areas in the right branch of the portal vein and an alpha-fetoprotein level as high as 657 ng/mL.Therefore,he was judged to have advanced HCC.During treatment,the patient received three months of Epclusa,three TACE treatments,two HAIC treatments,three courses of sintilimab,and twenty-one months of lenvatinib.In the third month of treatment,the patient developed severe side effects and had to stop immunotherapy,and the Lenvatinib dose had to be halved.Postoperative pathological diagnosis indicated a complete response.The patient recovered well after the operation,and no tumor recurrence was found.CONCLUSION Multidisciplinary conversion therapy for advanced enormous HCC caused by HCV infection has a significant effect.Individualized drug adjustments should be made during any treatment according to the patient's tolerance to treatment.

Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of non-resectable liver colorectal cancer: Advancing the therapeutic algorithm

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancerrelated mortality,with nearly half of the affected patients developing liver metastases.For three decades,liver resection(LR)has been the primary curative strategy,yet its applicability is limited to about 20%of cases.Liver transplantation(LT)for unresectable metastases was attempted unsuccessfully in the 1990s,with high rates of perioperative death and recurrence.There is now more interest in this strategy due to improvements in systemic therapies and surgical techniques.A significant study conducted by the Oslo group showed that patients receiving liver transplants had a 60%chance of survival after five years.Significantly better results have been achieved by using advanced imaging for risk stratification and further refining selection criteria,especially in the Norvegian SECA trials.This review carefully charts the development and history of LT as a treatment option for colorectal cancer liver metastases.The revolutionary path from the early days of exploratory surgery to the current situation of cautious optimism is traced,highlighting the critical clinical developments and improved patient selection standards that have made LT a potentially curative treatment for such challenging very well selected cases.

Post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia aggravates destruction of the blood-brain barrier

Post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformation,which is associated with blood-brain barrier disruption.Brain microvascular endothelial cells are a major component of the blood-brain barrier.Intercellular mitochondrial transfer has emerged as a novel paradigm for repairing cells with mitochondrial dysfunction.In this study,we first investigated whether mitochondrial transfer exists between brain microvascular endothelial cells,and then investigated the effects of post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia on mitochondrial transfer between brain microvascular endothelial cells.We found that healthy brain microvascular endothelial cells can transfer intact mitochondria to oxygen glucose deprivation-injured brain microvascular endothelial cells.However,post-oxygen glucose deprivation hyperglycemia hindered mitochondrial transfer and exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction.We established an in vitro brain microvascular endothelial cell model of the blood-brain barrier.We found that post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia reduced the overall energy metabolism levels of brain microvascular endothelial cells and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier.In a clinical study,we retrospectively analyzed the relationship between post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia and the severity of hemorrhagic transformation.We found that post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia serves as an independent predictor of severe hemorrhagic transformation.These findings suggest that post-acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia can aggravate disruption of the blood-brain barrier by inhibiting mitochondrial transfer.

Small nucleolar RNA and its potential role in the oncogenesis and development of colorectal cancer

Small nucleolar RNAs(snoRNAs)represent a class of non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in post-transcriptional RNA processing and modification,thereby contributing significantly to the maintenance of cellular functions related to protein synthesis.SnoRNAs have been discovered to possess the ability to influence cell fate and alter disease progression,holding immense potential in controlling human diseases.It is suggested that the dysregulation of snoRNAs in cancer exhibits differential expression across various cancer types,stages,metastasis,treatment response and/or prognosis in patients.On the other hand,colorectal cancer(CRC),a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system,is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates,ranking as the third most common cancer type.Recent research indicates that snoRNA dysregulation is associated with CRC,as snoRNA expression significantly differs between normal and cancerous conditions.Consequently,assessing snoRNA expression level and function holds promise for the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC.Nevertheless,current comprehension of the potential roles of snoRNAs in CRC remains limited.This review offers a comprehensive survey of the aberrant regulation of snoRNAs in CRC,providing valuable insights into the discovery of novel biomarkers,therapeutic targets,and potential tools for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC and furnishing critical cues for advancing research into CRC and the judicious selection of therapeutic targets.