Circulation of Development Factors Promoted by Innovation of Land Management Under Background of Rural Vitalization:A Case Study of Tengtou Village in Zhejiang Province,China

Land is the space carrier for the existence and flow of other development factors.Activating rural land and promoting the circulation of other development factors through land management innovation is necessary to realize rural vitalization.This paper identifies the connotation of factor flow in the rural vitalization context,the action mechanism of land management innovation to boost the flow of development factors,the issues and obstacles restricting factor circulation,and the realization mechanism of the flow of development factors in rural vitalization.Based on the analytic paradigm constructed in the paper,the successful practice of promoting the flow of development factors through innovative land management in a model village is examined.The results show that:1)the unreasonable systems characterized by the land use system in rural areas are the main obstacles causing circulation issues in development factors.It is essential to engage in comprehensive reform to break down these long-lasting obstacles to the smooth flow of development factors.2)The land should play a leading role in the circulation of development factors in the background of rural vitalization;the main purpose of land management innovation is to activate the land factor,thereby promoting the circulation of other factors.3)The activated land factor will act as a‘trigger’to promote capital and technology in rural settings and use capital and technology to attract the inflow of talents and the return of migrant workers,whereby the population factor will act as a‘catalyst’for the cultivation of rural culture,bringing about the integration of various development factors.4)The innovation of land use and management,increased funding,and new technologies have brought multiple talents to Tengtou Village.The high-frequency mutual feedback between the village’s own and the external development factors resulted in its successful integration of industrial development.

Ecosystem service valuation of bays in East China Sea and its response to sea reclamation activities

Ecosystem service values(ESVs)of bays and their response to sea reclamation are of great practical importance for forming bay eco-compensation policy and extension of blue economic space.Based on land use information of bays collected during the period of 1990–2015,the spatiotemporal evolution of ESVs of 12 main bays in East China Sea and their response to sea reclamation activities over the past 25 years were quantitatively analyzed.The analysis results indicate that ESVs of bays in East China Sea showed a continuous downward trend and the whole ecosystem was continuously degraded,in which the degradation degree of ESV in the southern bays was higher than that in the northern bays.Spatial zoning of ESVs of bays in East China Sea was remarkable,showing a continuous downward trend from low-value to high-value zone.Spatial variation of ESVs of each bay was also significant,expanding from a city and from inland to the coast,which suggests that human activities,mainly reclamation,have become main agents for ESV evolution of bays in East China Sea.ESVs of bays have a significant response to sea reclamation,manifested as a significant negative correlation between ESV and reclamation intensity.The correlation in the southern bays was stronger than that in the northern bays,which was caused by different effects of sea reclamation modes on ESV evolution of muddy and bedrock bays.A negative effect of sea reclamation activities on bay ecosystem was hysteretic.Therefore,an attention should be paid to dynamic monitoring and early warning of development status in offshore areas,ecosystem-level reclamation control policy,and coastal wetland reserves planning.Moreover,the spatial coupling mechanism study between bay ecosystem service demand and its service supply capacity should be strengthened to realize systematic regulation of bay ecological security pattern.