Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) represents an important factor in the development of atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori has been reported to prevent gastric ca...Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) represents an important factor in the development of atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori has been reported to prevent gastric cancer only in cases without atrophy or IM. However, histological changes with eradication have yet to be fully clarified. We evaluated 38 H. pylori-positive cases before and after eradication at the gland level;pyloric glands were classified as showing gastric proper (G) and IM gland types, with the latter including gastric-and-intestinal mixed IM (GI-IM) and solely intestinal IM (I-IM), depending on the remaining gastric phenotypes. On eradication, acute and chronic inflammation attenuated rapidly and gradually, respectively, whereas levels of MUC5AC and MUC6 expression were not markedly altered. Gland width, size of nuclei and cytoplasm and their ratio in surface foveolar epithelium, the number of Ki-67-positive cells and the length of the proliferating zone in each gland were significantly decreased in G glands after eradication compared with those in GI-IM and I-IM. The number of mitotic phase cells, positive for phosphorylated histone H3 at serine 28, was increased in both types of IM compared to that in G glands in the H. pylori-infected state, but unexpectedly remained unchanged with eradication. These results suggest that GI-IM, as the beginning of IM, could represent a histological irreversible point with eradication and be considered as a “histological point of no return”.展开更多
Aim:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth most common type of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that is used for unresectable advanced HCC.I...Aim:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth most common type of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that is used for unresectable advanced HCC.It is only approved systemic therapy for advanced HCC.Methods:A retrospective prospective study conducted in a multispeciality hospital with 50 patients who received sorafenib.The primary outcome of the study was to find out the survival rate of patients treated with sorafenib.The secondary outcome of the study was to explore the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in a progression of HCC.Results:The median overall survival in the Indian population was found as 114 days(3.8 months)after sorafenib therapy.The efficacy of the drug sorafenib was assessed by the survival days which were based on the changes in laboratory values such as haematological and clinical biochemistry.The adverse drug reaction documented in this study was vomiting,abdominal pain;fatigue;anorexia;hyperbilirubinemia;diarrhoea;hand-foot syndrome;rash;rectal bleeding;insomnia;constipation;thrombocytopenia and abdominal discomfort.Conclusion:Sorafenib improves the overall survival of the patients with advanced HCC in Indian population up to 3.8 months.It is a safe and effective treatment for patients with advanced HCC in Indian population.The survival of patients was found to be depended on the liver function.展开更多
文摘Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) represents an important factor in the development of atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori has been reported to prevent gastric cancer only in cases without atrophy or IM. However, histological changes with eradication have yet to be fully clarified. We evaluated 38 H. pylori-positive cases before and after eradication at the gland level;pyloric glands were classified as showing gastric proper (G) and IM gland types, with the latter including gastric-and-intestinal mixed IM (GI-IM) and solely intestinal IM (I-IM), depending on the remaining gastric phenotypes. On eradication, acute and chronic inflammation attenuated rapidly and gradually, respectively, whereas levels of MUC5AC and MUC6 expression were not markedly altered. Gland width, size of nuclei and cytoplasm and their ratio in surface foveolar epithelium, the number of Ki-67-positive cells and the length of the proliferating zone in each gland were significantly decreased in G glands after eradication compared with those in GI-IM and I-IM. The number of mitotic phase cells, positive for phosphorylated histone H3 at serine 28, was increased in both types of IM compared to that in G glands in the H. pylori-infected state, but unexpectedly remained unchanged with eradication. These results suggest that GI-IM, as the beginning of IM, could represent a histological irreversible point with eradication and be considered as a “histological point of no return”.
文摘Aim:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth most common type of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that is used for unresectable advanced HCC.It is only approved systemic therapy for advanced HCC.Methods:A retrospective prospective study conducted in a multispeciality hospital with 50 patients who received sorafenib.The primary outcome of the study was to find out the survival rate of patients treated with sorafenib.The secondary outcome of the study was to explore the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in a progression of HCC.Results:The median overall survival in the Indian population was found as 114 days(3.8 months)after sorafenib therapy.The efficacy of the drug sorafenib was assessed by the survival days which were based on the changes in laboratory values such as haematological and clinical biochemistry.The adverse drug reaction documented in this study was vomiting,abdominal pain;fatigue;anorexia;hyperbilirubinemia;diarrhoea;hand-foot syndrome;rash;rectal bleeding;insomnia;constipation;thrombocytopenia and abdominal discomfort.Conclusion:Sorafenib improves the overall survival of the patients with advanced HCC in Indian population up to 3.8 months.It is a safe and effective treatment for patients with advanced HCC in Indian population.The survival of patients was found to be depended on the liver function.
