Assessment of Standard Criteria Implementation in Heamodialysis Water Treatment Units in Sharkia Governorate

Introduction: Haemodialysis is the most well-established form of treatment for ESRD. Method: To evaluate the implementation of standard criteria in heamodialysis water treatment units in Sharkia governorate and to determine the weak points in application of standard criteria, and reach the optimal standards to improve pt. outcomes, across the sectional study was conducted at 30 heamodialysis units of Sharkia governorate, using a modified questionnaire was developed based on MOH protocol and international guidelines such as CARI guidelines, AAMI guidelines and others by the researchers. All data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Of the 30 units, the majority more than 80% of the units achieved the infrastructure and schematic structure, contain water purification devices, good infection control policies, proper chemical disinfection, good monitoring and quality control, accepted maintenance technician evaluation and collected processed water samples results matched decree of 63 for 1996. Conclusion: Most of the studied units nearly fulfilled the standard specifications of both MOH and AAMI. Ensuring that water quality meets AAMI standards and recommendations will minimize patient exposure to potential contaminants such as chemical hazards and endotoxemia associated with the use of the treated water for HD.

N-acetylcysteine does not prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis

瞄准：尖锐胰腺炎(AP ) 是最普通、经常严重的复杂并发症内视镜后退 cholangiopancreatography (ERCP ) 。在尖锐胰腺炎的致病的早步可能是毛状的内皮损害由导出氧的自由基调停了。N-acetylcysteine - 自由基 scavenger 可能在阻止尖锐胰腺炎和它是的 post-ERCP 是潜在地有效的也知道那个 N-acetylcysteine (ACC ) 罐头在 AP 的试验性的模型减少疾病的严厉。方法：106 个病人随机被分配到二个组。55 个病人被给 N-acetylcysteine (口头上地，在 ERCP 和 600 mg 前的 24 和 12 h 被给 iv 的二 600 mg 剂量，两次为在 ERCP 以后的二天的一天) 。控制组由被给 iv 的 51 个病人组成了。等渗盐两次为在 ERCP 以后的二天的一天。浆液和尿淀粉酶活动在过程以后在 ERCP 和 8 和 24 h 前被测量。主要结果参数是尖锐胰腺炎和第二等的结果参数是的 post-ERCP 在浆液和尿淀粉酶活动的组之间的差别。结果：处于在二个组之间的 post-ERCP 胰腺炎的率没有有效差量(10 病人外套， 4 在 ACC 组织， 6 在控制组织) 。也在在 ACC 组和控制组之间的基线和 post-ERCP 浆液和尿淀粉酶活动没有有效差量。结论：N-acetylcysteine 没能在 post-ERCP 胰腺炎上，以及在浆液和尿淀粉酶活动上表明任何重要预防效果。