The present study uses power data from panel meter connected to the micro-grid to identify electrical energy consumption of the school appliances and their behavior in both warm-up, standby and active operation states...The present study uses power data from panel meter connected to the micro-grid to identify electrical energy consumption of the school appliances and their behavior in both warm-up, standby and active operation states. Before the conduction of experiments a load auditing of the school appliances was carried out by reading the rated power of each device (e.g. photocopy machine, printer, and fridge). The captures of this kind of information were essential as it provides a starting point to determine energy use of each appliance and hence simplify the process of identification. The electric parameters such as active power, reactive power and current were used to analyze the behavior of electrical appliances in all states. Experimental results show that, both active and reactive power were found to be high for old Canon photocopy machine as compared to new Canon photocopy machine. Another experiment reveals that printing one copy by using HP laser printer consumes about 700 W, while photocopying one copy with new Canon machine utilizes approximately 1100 W. This study concludes that new photocopy machine consumes more electric energy in warm-up state as compared to other states (standby and active operation states). Future work is to develop an algorithm for demand side management strategies which will enable efficient utilization of the electric energy from the micro-grid and hence bring the intended energy impact to the school.展开更多
We investigate the upconversion emission of CaWO4:Tm^(3+)/Yb^(3+)polycrystals prepared by the high-temperature solid-state method.The crystal structure of the polycrystals is characterized by means of x-ray diffractio...We investigate the upconversion emission of CaWO4:Tm^(3+)/Yb^(3+)polycrystals prepared by the high-temperature solid-state method.The crystal structure of the polycrystals is characterized by means of x-ray diffraction.Under the excitation of a 980 nm continuous wave diode laser,the samples show intense blue upconversion emissions centered at 473 nm,corresponding to the ^(1)G4→^(3)H_(6) transition of Tm^(3+).The dependence of the upconversion emission intensity on the pump power of a laser diode is measured,and the results indicate that the two-photon and three-photon processes contribute simultaneously to the blue upconversion emissions.The possible multi-photon upconversion process and upconversion mechanisms are discussed.展开更多
文摘The present study uses power data from panel meter connected to the micro-grid to identify electrical energy consumption of the school appliances and their behavior in both warm-up, standby and active operation states. Before the conduction of experiments a load auditing of the school appliances was carried out by reading the rated power of each device (e.g. photocopy machine, printer, and fridge). The captures of this kind of information were essential as it provides a starting point to determine energy use of each appliance and hence simplify the process of identification. The electric parameters such as active power, reactive power and current were used to analyze the behavior of electrical appliances in all states. Experimental results show that, both active and reactive power were found to be high for old Canon photocopy machine as compared to new Canon photocopy machine. Another experiment reveals that printing one copy by using HP laser printer consumes about 700 W, while photocopying one copy with new Canon machine utilizes approximately 1100 W. This study concludes that new photocopy machine consumes more electric energy in warm-up state as compared to other states (standby and active operation states). Future work is to develop an algorithm for demand side management strategies which will enable efficient utilization of the electric energy from the micro-grid and hence bring the intended energy impact to the school.
文摘We investigate the upconversion emission of CaWO4:Tm^(3+)/Yb^(3+)polycrystals prepared by the high-temperature solid-state method.The crystal structure of the polycrystals is characterized by means of x-ray diffraction.Under the excitation of a 980 nm continuous wave diode laser,the samples show intense blue upconversion emissions centered at 473 nm,corresponding to the ^(1)G4→^(3)H_(6) transition of Tm^(3+).The dependence of the upconversion emission intensity on the pump power of a laser diode is measured,and the results indicate that the two-photon and three-photon processes contribute simultaneously to the blue upconversion emissions.The possible multi-photon upconversion process and upconversion mechanisms are discussed.
