Urolithiasis or nephrolithiasis is a common ailment in the emergency room. The clinical presentation of a kidney stone includes fever, nausea, vomiting, acute flank pain radiating to the groin or the back. The pain is...Urolithiasis or nephrolithiasis is a common ailment in the emergency room. The clinical presentation of a kidney stone includes fever, nausea, vomiting, acute flank pain radiating to the groin or the back. The pain is often described as stabbing and there is tachycardia, with or without hematuria for the severe patient. For the triad for urinary or kidney stones, some people say they are fever, vomiting, and acute flank pain. So in acute setting analgesia is given with or without an antiemetic to prevent vomiting IV fluids administered carefully. Noncontrast computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most of urinary stones get washouts spontaneously if it is less than 5 mm without any intervention. However, if intervention is required either it is done by elective or as soon as possible by the intervention. I mean surgical management and surgical management will depend on how big the kidney stone is in there as well as where the kidney stone is if it is within the ureter or within the actual kidney.展开更多
Fibroadenomas are the most common lumps found in adolescence girls. They usually occur under the influence of hormonal changes that the girls undergo at the time of puberty and they happen due to overgrowth of glandul...Fibroadenomas are the most common lumps found in adolescence girls. They usually occur under the influence of hormonal changes that the girls undergo at the time of puberty and they happen due to overgrowth of glandular tissue in the breast. Ultrasonography is the best diagnosis for fibroadenoma. There is no medical treatment for fibroadenoma except surgical excision and a new method recently comes out—vacuum assisted fibroadenomas resection.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents the most common kind of mesenchymal tumor that arises from the alimentary tract. Tumors arising from the first and the second part of the duodenum (DI and DII, respecti...Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents the most common kind of mesenchymal tumor that arises from the alimentary tract. Tumors arising from the first and the second part of the duodenum (DI and DII, respectively) can be wrongly diagnosed as pancreatic mass. We report a case of a 58-year-old male patient with the history of vomiting just after eating, loss of appetite, lethargic and weight loss for 25 days. CT scan of abdomen and pelvis showed a soft tissue mass with slight heterogeneous enhancement at the region of the uncinate process of the head of pancreas and (MPR) on CT enhanced showed the closely attached mass to the head of the pancreas. On operative exploration, the mass was found to be originated from duodenum. Then, surgical resection of the duodenal tumor was performed by wedge resection successfully. Postoperative laboratory diagnosis was “low risk” duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.展开更多
L-dopa(l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine)-induced dyskinesia(LID)is a debilitating complication of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease.The potential contribution of striatal D_(2) receptor(D2R)-positive n...L-dopa(l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine)-induced dyskinesia(LID)is a debilitating complication of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease.The potential contribution of striatal D_(2) receptor(D2R)-positive neurons and downstream circuits in the pathophysiology of LID remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and downstream globus pallidus externa(GPe)neurons in a rat model of LID.Intrastriatal administration of raclopride,a D_(2)R antagonist,significantly inhibited dyskinetic behavior,while intrastriatal administration of pramipexole,a D_(2)-like receptor agonist,yielded aggravation of dyskinesia in LID rats.Fiber photometry revealed the overinhibition of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and hyperactivity of downstream GPe neurons during the dyskinetic phase of LID rats.In contrast,the striatal D2R+neurons showed intermittent synchronized overactivity in the decay phase of dyskinesia.Consistent with the above findings,optogenetic activation of striatal D_(2)R+neurons or their projections in the GPe was adequate to suppress most of the dyskinetic behaviors of LID rats.Our data demonstrate that the aberrant activity of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and downstream GPe neurons is a decisive mechanism mediating dyskinetic symptoms in LID rats.展开更多
In recent years,with the development of artificial intelligence,especially deep learning technology,researches on automatic detection of cerebrovascular diseases on medical images have made tremendous progress and the...In recent years,with the development of artificial intelligence,especially deep learning technology,researches on automatic detection of cerebrovascular diseases on medical images have made tremendous progress and these models are gradually entering into clinical practice.However,because of the complexity and flexibility of the deep learning algorithms,these researches have great variability on model building,validation process,performance description and results interpretation.The lack of a reliable,consistent,standardized design protocol has,to a certain extent,affected the progress of clinical translation and technology development of computer aided detection systems.After reviewing a large number of literatures and extensive discussion with domestic experts,this position paper put forward recommendations of standardized design on the key steps of deep learning-based automatic image detection models for cerebrovascular diseases.With further research and application expansion,this position paper would continue to be updated and gradually extended to evaluate the generalizability and clinical application efficacy of such tools.展开更多
Background Carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT） and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation percentage （FMD%） are common parameters used for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. This study compared subcli...Background Carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT） and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation percentage （FMD%） are common parameters used for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. This study compared subclinical atherosclerosis of the carotid and brachial arteries in rheumatoid arthritis （RA） patients and healthy controls using high resolution ultrasonography. We also investigated their correlation with clinical factors and the association between FMD% and CIMT.展开更多
文摘Urolithiasis or nephrolithiasis is a common ailment in the emergency room. The clinical presentation of a kidney stone includes fever, nausea, vomiting, acute flank pain radiating to the groin or the back. The pain is often described as stabbing and there is tachycardia, with or without hematuria for the severe patient. For the triad for urinary or kidney stones, some people say they are fever, vomiting, and acute flank pain. So in acute setting analgesia is given with or without an antiemetic to prevent vomiting IV fluids administered carefully. Noncontrast computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most of urinary stones get washouts spontaneously if it is less than 5 mm without any intervention. However, if intervention is required either it is done by elective or as soon as possible by the intervention. I mean surgical management and surgical management will depend on how big the kidney stone is in there as well as where the kidney stone is if it is within the ureter or within the actual kidney.
文摘Fibroadenomas are the most common lumps found in adolescence girls. They usually occur under the influence of hormonal changes that the girls undergo at the time of puberty and they happen due to overgrowth of glandular tissue in the breast. Ultrasonography is the best diagnosis for fibroadenoma. There is no medical treatment for fibroadenoma except surgical excision and a new method recently comes out—vacuum assisted fibroadenomas resection.
文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents the most common kind of mesenchymal tumor that arises from the alimentary tract. Tumors arising from the first and the second part of the duodenum (DI and DII, respectively) can be wrongly diagnosed as pancreatic mass. We report a case of a 58-year-old male patient with the history of vomiting just after eating, loss of appetite, lethargic and weight loss for 25 days. CT scan of abdomen and pelvis showed a soft tissue mass with slight heterogeneous enhancement at the region of the uncinate process of the head of pancreas and (MPR) on CT enhanced showed the closely attached mass to the head of the pancreas. On operative exploration, the mass was found to be originated from duodenum. Then, surgical resection of the duodenal tumor was performed by wedge resection successfully. Postoperative laboratory diagnosis was “low risk” duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671109,82071526,and 82071433)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2021JQ-417).
文摘L-dopa(l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine)-induced dyskinesia(LID)is a debilitating complication of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease.The potential contribution of striatal D_(2) receptor(D2R)-positive neurons and downstream circuits in the pathophysiology of LID remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and downstream globus pallidus externa(GPe)neurons in a rat model of LID.Intrastriatal administration of raclopride,a D_(2)R antagonist,significantly inhibited dyskinetic behavior,while intrastriatal administration of pramipexole,a D_(2)-like receptor agonist,yielded aggravation of dyskinesia in LID rats.Fiber photometry revealed the overinhibition of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and hyperactivity of downstream GPe neurons during the dyskinetic phase of LID rats.In contrast,the striatal D2R+neurons showed intermittent synchronized overactivity in the decay phase of dyskinesia.Consistent with the above findings,optogenetic activation of striatal D_(2)R+neurons or their projections in the GPe was adequate to suppress most of the dyskinetic behaviors of LID rats.Our data demonstrate that the aberrant activity of striatal D_(2)R+neurons and downstream GPe neurons is a decisive mechanism mediating dyskinetic symptoms in LID rats.
基金Project supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81830057 and 82230068)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82102155).
文摘In recent years,with the development of artificial intelligence,especially deep learning technology,researches on automatic detection of cerebrovascular diseases on medical images have made tremendous progress and these models are gradually entering into clinical practice.However,because of the complexity and flexibility of the deep learning algorithms,these researches have great variability on model building,validation process,performance description and results interpretation.The lack of a reliable,consistent,standardized design protocol has,to a certain extent,affected the progress of clinical translation and technology development of computer aided detection systems.After reviewing a large number of literatures and extensive discussion with domestic experts,this position paper put forward recommendations of standardized design on the key steps of deep learning-based automatic image detection models for cerebrovascular diseases.With further research and application expansion,this position paper would continue to be updated and gradually extended to evaluate the generalizability and clinical application efficacy of such tools.
文摘Background Carotid artery intima-media thickness （CIMT） and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation percentage （FMD%） are common parameters used for detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. This study compared subclinical atherosclerosis of the carotid and brachial arteries in rheumatoid arthritis （RA） patients and healthy controls using high resolution ultrasonography. We also investigated their correlation with clinical factors and the association between FMD% and CIMT.
